vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ20.661vavilov-2783Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВMICROBIAL GENETICSСимбиотические бактерии Wolbachia, Spiroplasma и Rickettsia среди тлей (Aphidoidea)Wolbachia, Spiroplasma, and Rickettsia symbiotic bacteria in aphids (Aphidoidea)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3340-9278РомановД. А.RomanovD. A.

Москва

Мытищи, Московская область

Moscow

Mytishi, Moscow region

ЗахаровИ. А.ZakharovI. A.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6504-5547ШайкевичЕ. В.ShaikevichE. V.

Москва

Moscow

elenashaikevich@mail.ruИнститут общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук; Московский государственный областной университетРоссияVavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Moscow Region State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наукРоссияVavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук; Институт медицинской паразитологии, тропических и трансмиссивных заболеваний им. Е.И. Марциновского Первого Московского государственного медицинского университета им. И.М. Сеченова (Сеченовский университет) Министерства здравоохранения РФРоссияVavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology, Tropical and Vector Borne Diseases, Sechenov First Moscow State Меdical UniversityRussian Federation202028102020246673682Copyright © Романов Д.А., Захаров И.А., Шайкевич Е.В., 20202020Романов Д.А., Захаров И.А., Шайкевич Е.В.Romanov D.A., Zakharov I.A., Shaikevich E.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2783

Тли – разнообразное семейство вредителей сельскохозяйственных культур. Тли сформировали сложную взаимосвязь с внутриклеточными бактериями, известными как эндосимбионты, которые оказывают как положительное, так и отрицательное влияние на хозяина, что может иметь практическое значение. В разных регионах мира состав факультативных симбионтов в популяциях тлей варьирует. Задачей работы было установить распространение и генетическое разнообразие симбионтов Wolbachia, Spiroplasma и Rickettsia в тлях, собранных в 2018–2019 гг. в Москве и Подмосковье. Для этого 578 тлей из 32 мест сбора тестировали методом ПЦР, используя специфические праймеры для мтДНК тлей, Wolbachia, Spiroplasma и Rickettsia. Методом молекулярно-генетического анализа определено не менее 21 вида тлей из 14 родов и четырех семейств. Одиннадцать видов оказались инфицированы эндосимбионтами, а именно: у шести видов обнаружены Rickettsia, у двух видов – Wolbachia, у одного – Spiroplasma. Впервые выявлено заражение бактерией Rickettsia у Impatientinum asiaticum, Myzus cerasi, Hyalopterus pruni, Eucallipterus tiliae, Chaitophorus tremulae и бактерией Wolbachia у Aphis pomi и C. tremulae. У половины особей гороховой тли Acyrthosiphon pisum установлено двойное заражение Rickettsia и Spiroplasma. Впервые выявлены риккетсии у шести видов тлей, которые генетически отличаются от известных ранее. Впервые обнаружено заражение яблонной тли A. pomi двумя штаммами Wolbachia, причем один из штаммов относится к супергруппе В и генетически близок с Wolbachia из осиновой тли C. tremulae, а второй штамм относится к супергруппе М, недавно описанной у видов тлей. Spiroplasma, найденная нами у A. pisum, генетически близка Spiroplasma, вызывающей андроцид у тлей, божьих коровок и молей, и кластеризуется с S. ixodetis. Разнообразие ДНК симбионтов убедительно свидетельствует о том, что как материнское наследование, так и горизонтальный перенос являются путями распространения факультативных бактерий у тлей.

Aphids are a diverse family of crop pests. Aphids formed a complex relationship with intracellular bacteria. Depending on the region of study, the species composition of both aphids and their facultative endosymbionts varies. The aim of the work was to determine the occurrence and genetic diversity of Wolbachia, Spiroplasma and Rickettsia symbionts in aphids collected in 2018–2019 in Moscow. For these purposes, 578 aphids from 32 collection sites were tested by PCR using specific primers. At least 21 species of aphids from 14 genera and four families were identified by barcoding method, of which 11 species were infected with endosymbionts. Rickettsia was found in six species, Wolbachia in two species, Spiroplasma in one species. The presence of Rickettsia in Impatientinum asiaticum, Myzus cerasi, Hyalopterus pruni, Eucallipterus tiliae, Chaitophorus tremulae and Wolbachia in Aphis pomi and C. tremulae has been described for the first time. A double infection with Rickettsia and Spiroplasma was detected in a half of pea aphid (Acyrthosiphon pisum) individuals. For the first time was found that six species of aphids are infected with Rickettsia that are genetically different from previously known. It was first discovered that A. pomi is infected with two Wolbachia strains, one of which belongs to supergroup B and is genetically close to Wolbachia from C. tremulae. The second Wolbachia strain from A. pomi belongs to the supergroup M, recently described in aphid species. Spiroplasma, which we observed in A. pisum, is genetically close to male killing Spiroplasma from aphids, ladybirds and moths. Both maternal inheritance and horizontal transmission are the pathways for the distribution of facultative endosymbiotic bacteria in aphids.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.