vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ20.666vavilov-2814Research ArticleИММУНИТЕТ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ РАСТЕНИЙСтруктура популяции Pyrenophora tritici-repentis в Республике Казахстан и идентификация устойчивой к пиренофорозу гермоплазмы пшеницыPyrenophora tritici-repentis population structure in the Republic of Kazakhstan and identification of wheat germplasm resistant to tan spothttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-0186-7832КохметоваА. М.KokhmetovaA. M.

Алматы

Almaty

gen_kalma@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9577-8816КоваленкоН. М.KovalenkoN. M.

Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург

Pushkin, St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5588-6772КумарбаеваМ. Т.KumarbaevaM. T.

Алматы

 

Almaty

Институт биологии и биотехнологии растений; Казахский национальный аграрный университетКазахстанInstitute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology; Kazakh National Agrarian UniversityKazakhstanВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растенийРоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Plant ProtectionRussian Federation202005122020247722729Copyright © Кохметова А.М., Коваленко Н.М., Кумарбаева М.Т., 20202020Кохметова А.М., Коваленко Н.М., Кумарбаева М.Т.Kokhmetova A.M., Kovalenko N.M., Kumarbaeva M.T.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2814

Возбудитель пиренофороза Pyrenophora tritici-repentis – одна из наиболее вредоносных болезней листовых пятнистостей пшеницы. В последние годы отмечаются нарастающее распространение и вредоносность пиренофороза в Казахстане. Расовый состав P. tritici-repentis претерпевает изменения из-за климатических и средовых флуктуаций, а также из-за все более усиливающейся тенденции возделывания одних и тех же сортов пшеницы на больших территориях. В настоящее время имеется лишь ограниченная информация о расовой структуре популяции P. tritici-repentis в Казахстане. Целью исследований были изучение популяций P. tritici-repentis по расовому составу на юго-востоке Республики Казахстан, а также идентификация устойчивых к пиренофорозу образцов пшеницы. Коллекция из 30 образцов мягкой пшеницы, включающая перспективные линии и сорта из Казахстана и из международных центров CIMMYT и ICARDA, была подвергнута оценке устойчивости к возбудителю пиренофороза в теплице и охарактеризована с использованием молекулярного маркера Xfcp623, диагностического для гена Tsn1. Моноконидиальные изоляты P. tritici-repentis, выделенные из популяции патогена юго-восточного региона, были отнесены к определенным расам на основе проявления симптомов некроза/хлороза с использованием стандартных образцов-дифференциаторов (Glenlea, 6В662, 6В365). Идентифицировано пять рас P. tritici-repentis, включающих расы 1, 2, 3, 7 и 8. Показано, что доминируют расы 1 и 8 P. tritici-repentis. В результате анализа частоты встречаемости рас возбудителя желтой пятнистости P. tritici-repentis установлено, что доминирующей оказалась раса 1 (50 %), продуцирующая Ptr ToxA и Ptr ToxB, и раса 8 (35 %), продуцирующая Ptr ToxA, Ptr ToxB и Ptr ToxС. С практической точки зрения наибольший интерес представляют 16 образцов пшеницы, которые демонстрировали устойчивость к расе 1 и подтвердили нечувствительность к токсину Ptr ToxA при молекулярном скрининге. К ним относятся восемь казахстанских линий: 4_PSI, 10204_2_KSI, 10204_3_KSI, 10205_2_KSI, 10205_3_KSI, 605_SP2, 632_SP2, Dana и семь зарубежных линий: KR11-20, KR11-03, KR11-9014, 11KR-13, KR11-9025, KR12-07, GN-68/2003. Результаты этого исследования представляют интерес для программы селекции пшеницы на устойчивость к пиренофорозу.

Pyrenophora tritici-repentis is a causative agent of tan spot in wheat. In recent years, there has been an increasing spread and harmfulness of wheat tan spot. The aim of the research was to study the racial composition of the P. tritici-repentis population in the Republic of Kazakhstan. A collection of 30 common wheat accessions, including promising lines and cultivars from Kazakhstan and CIMMYT–ICARDA, was assessed for resistance to P. triticirepentis in a greenhouse and characterized using the Xfcp623 molecular marker, diagnostic for the Tsn1 gene. Monosporic isolates of P. tritici-repentis isolated from the southeastern region were assigned to certain races based on the manifestation of symptoms of necrosis/chlorosis on standard differentials (Glenlea, 6B662, 6B365). Five races of P. tritici-repentis have been identified, including races 1, 2, 3, 7 and 8. It has been shown that races 1 and 8 of P. tritici-repentis are dominant. As a result of the analysis of the frequency of occurrence of the P. tritici-repentis races, it was found that race 1 (50 %) producing Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB and race 8 (35 %) producing Ptr ToxA, Ptr ToxB and Ptr ToxC turned out to be dominant. From a practical point of view, of greatest interest are 16 wheat samples, which demonstrated resistance to race 1 and confirmed insensitivity to Ptr ToxA in a molecular screening. These include eight Kazakhstani (4_PSI, 10204_2_KSI, 10204_3_KSI, 10205_2_KSI, 10205_3_KSI, 605_SP2, 632_SP2, Dana) and seven foreign lines (KR11-20, KR11-03, KR11-9014, 11KR-13, KR12-9025, KR12-07, GN-68/2003). The results of this study are of interest in wheat breeding programs for tan spot resistance.

пшеницапиренофорозрасымолекулярные маркерыTsn1ToxAwheattan spotracesmolecular markersTsn1ToxAРабота выполнена при финансовой поддержке Министерства образования и науки Республики Казахстан в рамках проекта грантового финансирования № AP05132540.ReferencesГультяева Е.И., Коваленко Н.М., Шаманин В.П., Тюнин В.А., Шрейдер Е.Р., Шайдаюк Е.Л., Моргунов А.И. Структура популяций листовых патогенов яровой пшеницы в западноазиатских регионах России и Cеверном Казахстане в 2017 г. Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2018;22(3):363-369. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.372.Gultyaeva E.I., Kovalenko N.M., Shamanin V.P., Tyunin V.A., Shreyder E.R., Shaydayuk E.L., Morgunov A.I. Population structure of leaf pathogens of common spring wheat in the West Asian regions of Russia and Northern Kazakhstan in 2017. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2018;22(3):363-369. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.372. (in Russian)Койшибаев М.К. Болезни зерновых культур. Алматы: Бастау, 2002.Koishybaev M.K. Diseases of Crops. Almaty: Bastau Publ., 2002. (in Russian)Койшибаев М.К. Особенности развития желтой ржавчины на озимой пшенице в южном и юго-восточном Казахстане. В: Достижения и перспективы земледелия, селекции и биологии сельскохозяйственных культур: Тез. докл. междунар. науч. конф. Алматы: Асыл кітап, 2010;145-147.Koishybaev M.K. Features of the development of yellow rust on winter wheat in southern and southeastern Kazakhstan. In: Abstracts from the international scientific conference “Achievements and Prospects of the Agriculture, Breeding, and Biology of Agricultural Crops”. Almaty: Asyl Kitap Publ., 2010;145-147. (in Russian)Кохметова А., Али С., Сапахова З., Атишова М.Н. Идентификация генотиповносителей устойчивости к токсинам пиренофороза Ptr ToxA и Ptr ToxB Pyrenophora tritici-repentis в коллекции мягкой пшеницы. Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции. 2018;22(8):978-986. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.440.Kokhmetova A.M., Ali Sh., Sapakhova Z., Atishova M.N. Identification of genotypes-carriers of resistance to tan spot Ptr ToxA and Ptr ToxB of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in common wheat collection. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2018;22(8):978-986. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.440. (in Russian)Кохметова А.М., Кремнева О.Ю., Кейшилов Ж.С., Султанова Н.Ж. Расовый состав и вирулентность изолятов Pyrenophоra triticirepentis в Республике Казахстан и Северо-Кавказском регионе России. Eurasian J. Appl. Biotechnol. 2016;3:57-66.Kokhmetova A.M., Kremneva O.Yu., Keyshilov Zh.S., Sultanova N.Zh. Race range and virulence of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis isolates in the Republic of Kazakhstan and the North Caucasus region of Russia. Eurasian J. Appl. Biotechnol. 2016;3:57-66. (in Russian)Кремнева О.Ю., Волкова Г.В. Структура популяций Pyrenophora tritici-repentis на Северном Кавказе по морфолого-культуральным признакам и вирулентности. Микология и фитопатология. 2007;41(4):356-361.Kremneva O.Yu., Volkova G.V. The structure of Pyrenophora tritici- repentis population in the North Caucasus by morphological and cultural characteristics and virulence. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya = Mycology and Phytopathology. 2007;41(4):356-361. (in Russian)Мироненко Н.В., Баранова О.А., Коваленко Н.М., Афанасенко О.С., Михайлова Л.А. Селективное влияние сортов пшеницы с геном Tsn1 на формирование популяции возбудителя желтой пятнистости Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Вестн. защиты растений. 2017;3(93):23-27.Mironenko N.V., Baranova O.A., Kovalenko N.M., Afanasenko O.S., Mikhailova L.A. Selective influence of wheat cultivars with Tsn1 gene on the formation of tan spot causative agent Pyrenophora tritici-repentis population. Vestnik Zashchity Rasteniy = Plant Protection News. 2017;3(93):23-27. (in Russian)Мироненко Н.В., Коваленко Н.М. Особенности взаимодействия генов Tsn1 и ToxA в патосистеме Triticum aestivum – Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Вестн. защиты растений. 2018;2(96):12-16.Mironenko N.V., Kovalenko N.M. Interaction of the Tsn1 and ToxA genes in the Triticum aestivum – Pyrenophora tritici-repentis pathosystem. Vestnik Zashchity Rasteniy = Plant Protection News. 2018; 2(96):12-16. (in Russian)Михайлова Л.А., Мироненко Н.В., Коваленко Н.М. Желтая пятнистость пшеницы. Методические указания по изучению популяций возбудителя желтой пятнистости Pyrenophora tritici-repentis и устойчивости сортов. СПб., 2012.Mikhailova L.A., Mironenko N.V., Kovalenko N.M. Tan Spot of Wheat. Guidelines for the study of populations of the tan spot causative agent Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and resistance of varieties. St. Petersburg, 2012. (in Russian)Поспехов Г.В. Особенности роста и плодоношения гриба Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. в культуре. Микология и фитопатология. 1989;23(2):117-121.Pospekhov G.V. Growth and fruiting characteristics of the fungus Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechs. in culture. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya = Mycology and Phytopathology. 1989;23(2):117-121. (in Russian) Ali S., Gurung S., Adhikar T.B. Identification and characterization of novel isolates of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis from Arkansas. Plant Dis. 2010;94:229-235. DOI 10.1094/PDIS-94-2-0229.Ballance G.M., Lamari L., Bernier C.C. Purification and characterization of a host-selective necrosis toxin from Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 1989;35:203-213. DOI 10.1016/0885-5765(89)90051-9.Ballance G.M., Lamari L., Bernier C.C. Purification and characterization of a host-selective necrosis toxin from Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Physiol. Mol. Plant Pathol. 1989;35:203-213. DOI 10.1016/0885-5765(89)90051-9.Chen X., Line R., Leung H. Genome scanning for resistance gene analogs in rice, barley, and wheat by high resolution electrophoresis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 1998;97:345-355.Chen X., Line R., Leung H. Genome scanning for resistance gene analogs in rice, barley, and wheat by high resolution electrophoresis. Theor. Appl. Genet. 1998;97:345-355.Chu C.G., Friesen T.L., Xu S.S., Faris J.D. Identification of novel tan spot resistance loci beyond the known host-selective toxin insensitivity genes in wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2008;117:873-881.Chu C.G., Friesen T.L., Xu S.S., Faris J.D. Identification of novel tan spot resistance loci beyond the known host-selective toxin insensitivity genes in wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 2008;117:873-881.Faris J.D., Zhang Z., Lu H., Lu S., Reddy L., Cloutier S., Fellers J.P., Meinhardt S.W., Rasmussen J.B., Xu S.S., Oliver R.P., Simons K.J., Friesen T.L. A unique wheat disease resistance-like gene governs effector-triggered susceptibility to necrotrophic pathogens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2010;107:13544-13549. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1004090107.Faris J.D., Zhang Z., Lu H., Lu S., Reddy L., Cloutier S., Fellers J.P., Meinhardt S.W., Rasmussen J.B., Xu S.S., Oliver R.P., Simons K.J., Friesen T.L. A unique wheat disease resistance-like gene governs effector-triggered susceptibility to necrotrophic pathogens. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2010;107:13544-13549. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1004090107.Karelov A.V., Kozub N.O., Sozinov I.O., Sozinov O.O., Blume Ya.B. Allelic state of the molecular genetic markers for genes associated with sensitivity to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis toxins A and B and Stangospora nodorum toxin A among Ukrainian common wheat cultivars. Visn. Ukr. Tov. Genetikov i Selekcionerov. 2015;13(1): 11-17.Karelov A.V., Kozub N.O., Sozinov I.O., Sozinov O.O., Blume Ya.B. Allelic state of the molecular genetic markers for genes associated with sensitivity to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis toxins A and B and Stangospora nodorum toxin A among Ukrainian common wheat cultivars. Visn. Ukr. Tov. Genetikov i Selekcionerov. 2015;13(1): 11-17.Kokhmetova A.M., Atishova M.N., Kumarbayeva M.T., Leonova I.N. Phytopathological screening and molecular marker analysis of wheat germplasm from Kazakhstan and CIMMYT for resistance to tan spot. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2019;23(7):879-886. DOI 10.18699/VJ19.562.Kokhmetova A.M., Atishova M.N., Kumarbayeva M.T., Leonova I.N. Phytopathological screening and molecular marker analysis of wheat germplasm from Kazakhstan and CIMMYT for resistance to tan spot. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2019;23(7):879-886. DOI 10.18699/VJ19.562.Kokhmetova A., Kremneva O., Volkova G., Atishova M., Sapakhova Z. Evaluation of wheat cultivars growing in Kazakhstan and Russia for resistance to tan spot. J. Plant Pathol. 2017;99(1):161-167. DOI 10.4454/jpp.v99i1.3812.Kokhmetova A., Kremneva O., Volkova G., Atishova M., Sapakhova Z. Evaluation of wheat cultivars growing in Kazakhstan and Russia for resistance to tan spot. J. Plant Pathol. 2017;99(1):161-167. DOI 10.4454/jpp.v99i1.3812.Kokhmetova A., Madenova A., Purnhauser L., Kampitova G., Urazaliev R., Yessimbekova M. Identification of leaf rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars produced in Kazakhstan. Cereal Res. Commun. 2016;44(2):240-250. DOI 10.1556/0806.43.2015.056.Kokhmetova A., Madenova A., Purnhauser L., Kampitova G., Urazaliev R., Yessimbekova M. Identification of leaf rust resistance genes in wheat cultivars produced in Kazakhstan. Cereal Res. Commun. 2016;44(2):240-250. DOI 10.1556/0806.43.2015.056.Kokhmetova A.M., Morgounov A., Rsaliyev Sh., Yessenbekova G., Tyupina L. Wheat germplasm screening for stem rust resistance using conventional and molecular techniques. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 2011;47:146-154. DOI 10.17221/3270-CJGPB.Kokhmetova A.M., Morgounov A., Rsaliyev Sh., Yessenbekova G., Tyupina L. Wheat germplasm screening for stem rust resistance using conventional and molecular techniques. Czech J. Genet. Plant Breed. 2011;47:146-154. DOI 10.17221/3270-CJGPB.Kokhmetova A., Sharma R., Rsaliyev S., Galymbek K., Baymagambetova K., Ziyaev Z., Morgounov A. Evaluation of Central Asian wheat germplasm for stripe rust resistance. Plant Genet. Resour. 2018;16(2):178-184. DOI 10.1017/S1479262117000132.Kokhmetova A., Sharma R., Rsaliyev S., Galymbek K., Baymagambetova K., Ziyaev Z., Morgounov A. Evaluation of Central Asian wheat germplasm for stripe rust resistance. Plant Genet. Resour. 2018;16(2):178-184. DOI 10.1017/S1479262117000132.Lamari L., Bernier C.C. Evalution of wheat lines and cultivars to tan spot Pyrenophora tritici-repentis based on lesion type. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 1989;11:49-56.Lamari L., Bernier C.C. Evalution of wheat lines and cultivars to tan spot Pyrenophora tritici-repentis based on lesion type. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 1989;11:49-56.Lamari L., Bernier C.C. Genetics of tan necrosis and extensive chlorosis in tan spot of wheat caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Phytopathology. 1991;81:1092-1095.Lamari L., Bernier C.C. Genetics of tan necrosis and extensive chlorosis in tan spot of wheat caused by Pyrenophora tritici-repentis. Phytopathology. 1991;81:1092-1095.Lamari L., Gilbert J., Tekauz A. Race differentiation in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and survey of physiologic variation in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 1998;20(4):396-400.Lamari L., Gilbert J., Tekauz A. Race differentiation in Pyrenophora tritici-repentis and survey of physiologic variation in western Canada. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 1998;20(4):396-400.Lamari L., Strelkov S.E., Yahyaoui A., Amedov M., Saidov M., Djunusova M., Koichibayev M. Virulence of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in the countries of the Silk Road. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 2005;27: 383-388. DOI 10.1080/07060661.2012.695750.Lamari L., Strelkov S.E., Yahyaoui A., Amedov M., Saidov M., Djunusova M., Koichibayev M. Virulence of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in the countries of the Silk Road. Can. J. Plant Pathol. 2005;27: 383-388. DOI 10.1080/07060661.2012.695750.Maraite H., Mercado-Vergnes D., Renard M.-E., Zhanarbekova A., Duveiller E. Relevance of pathogen diversity in management of leaf spot and leaf blight diseases on wheat in Central Asia. Agromeridian. 2006;2:105-114.Maraite H., Mercado-Vergnes D., Renard M.-E., Zhanarbekova A., Duveiller E. Relevance of pathogen diversity in management of leaf spot and leaf blight diseases on wheat in Central Asia. Agromeridian. 2006;2:105-114.McIntosh R.A., Yamazaki Y., Dubcovsky J., Rogers J., Morris C., Appel R. Catalogue of Gene Symbols for Wheat. 2013. Suppl. 2014–2017. Available at: www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/wheat/komugi/genesMcIntosh R.A., Yamazaki Y., Dubcovsky J., Rogers J., Morris C., Appel R. Catalogue of Gene Symbols for Wheat. 2013. Suppl. 2014–2017. Available at: www.shigen.nig.ac.jp/wheat/komugi/genesMikhailova L.A., Mironenko N.V., Kovalenko N.M. Populations of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in the North Caucasus and North-West Russia: the racial composition and dynamics of virulence. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya = Mycology and Phytopathology. 2014; 48(6):393-400. (in Russian)Mikhailova L.A., Mironenko N.V., Kovalenko N.M. Populations of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis in the North Caucasus and North-West Russia: the racial composition and dynamics of virulence. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya = Mycology and Phytopathology. 2014; 48(6):393-400. (in Russian)Mikhailova L.A., Ternyuk I.G., Mironenko N.V. Characteristic of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis populations by their virulence. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya = Mycology and Phytopathology. 2010;44(3):263-272. (in Russian)Mikhailova L.A., Ternyuk I.G., Mironenko N.V. Characteristic of Pyrenophora tritici-repentis populations by their virulence. Mikologiya i Fitopatologiya = Mycology and Phytopathology. 2010;44(3):263-272. (in Russian)Orolaza N.P., Lamari L., Ballance G.M. Evidence of a hostspecific chlorosis toxin from Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the causal agent of tan spot of wheat. Phytopathology. 1995;85:1282-1287.Orolaza N.P., Lamari L., Ballance G.M. Evidence of a hostspecific chlorosis toxin from Pyrenophora tritici-repentis, the causal agent of tan spot of wheat. Phytopathology. 1995;85:1282-1287.Postnikova E.N., Khasanov B.A. Tan spot in Central Asia. In: Helmintosporium Blights of Wheat: Tan Spot. Mexico: CIMMYT-UCL, 1997;107-114.Postnikova E.N., Khasanov B.A. Tan spot in Central Asia. In: Helmintosporium Blights of Wheat: Tan Spot. Mexico: CIMMYT-UCL, 1997;107-114.Riede C.R., Anderson J.A. Linkage of RFLP markers to an aluminum tolerance gene in wheat. Crop Sci. 1996;36(4):905-909.Riede C.R., Anderson J.A. Linkage of RFLP markers to an aluminum tolerance gene in wheat. Crop Sci. 1996;36(4):905-909.Roder M.S., Korzun V., Wendehake K., Plaschke J., Leroy P., Ganal M.W. A microsatellite map of wheat. Genetics. 1998;149:2007-2023.Roder M.S., Korzun V., Wendehake K., Plaschke J., Leroy P., Ganal M.W. A microsatellite map of wheat. Genetics. 1998;149:2007-2023.Rsaliyev A.S., Rsaliyev Sh.S. Principal approaches and achievements in studying race composition of wheat stem rust. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2018;22(8):967-977. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.439. (in Russian)Rsaliyev A.S., Rsaliyev Sh.S. Principal approaches and achievements in studying race composition of wheat stem rust. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2018;22(8):967-977. DOI 10.18699/VJ18.439. (in Russian)Saari E.E., Prescott L.M. A scale for appraising the foliar intensity of wheat diseases. Plant Dis. Rep. 1975;59:377-380.Saari E.E., Prescott L.M. A scale for appraising the foliar intensity of wheat diseases. Plant Dis. Rep. 1975;59:377-380.Shabeer A., Bockus W.W. Tan spot effects on yield and yield components relative to growth stage in winter wheat. Plant Dis. 1988;72: 599-602.Shabeer A., Bockus W.W. Tan spot effects on yield and yield components relative to growth stage in winter wheat. Plant Dis. 1988;72: 599-602.Singh P.K., Crossa J., Duveiller E., Singh R.P., Djurle A. Association mapping for resistance to tan spot induced by Pyrenophora triticirepentis race 1 in CIMMYTs historical bread wheat set. Euphytica. 2016;207(3):515-525. DOI 10.1007/s10681-015-1528-7.Singh P.K., Crossa J., Duveiller E., Singh R.P., Djurle A. Association mapping for resistance to tan spot induced by Pyrenophora triticirepentis race 1 in CIMMYTs historical bread wheat set. Euphytica. 2016;207(3):515-525. DOI 10.1007/s10681-015-1528-7.Singh P.K., Singh R.P., Duveiller E., Mergoum M., Adhikari T.B., Elias E.M. Genetics of wheat-Pyrenophora tritici-repentis interactions. Euphytica.2010;171:1-13.Singh P.K., Singh R.P., Duveiller E., Mergoum M., Adhikari T.B., Elias E.M. Genetics of wheat-Pyrenophora tritici-repentis interactions. Euphytica.2010;171:1-13.Singh S., Bockus W.W., Sharma I., Bowden R.L. A novel source of resistance in wheat to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis race 1. Plant Dis. 2008;92:91-95.Singh S., Bockus W.W., Sharma I., Bowden R.L. A novel source of resistance in wheat to Pyrenophora tritici-repentis race 1. Plant Dis. 2008;92:91-95.Zadoks J.C., Chang T.T., Konzak M.M. A decimal code for the growth stages of wheat. Weed Res. 1974;14:415-421.Zadoks J.C., Chang T.T., Konzak M.M. A decimal code for the growth stages of wheat. Weed Res. 1974;14:415-421.Zhanarbekova A.B., Koishibayev M., Maraite H., Duveiller E., Mercado D.M., Sliamova N.D. The distribution of tan spot on wheat and race structure of Drechslera tritici-repentis in Kazakhstan and neighboring CIS countries. In: Proc. Int. Sci. Conf. “Modern Problems of Plant Protection and Quarantine”. Almaty, 2005;371-376.Zhanarbekova A.B., Koishibayev M., Maraite H., Duveiller E., Mercado D.M., Sliamova N.D. The distribution of tan spot on wheat and race structure of Drechslera tritici-repentis in Kazakhstan and neighboring CIS countries. In: Proc. Int. Sci. Conf. “Modern Problems of Plant Protection and Quarantine”. Almaty, 2005;371-376.Zhang Z., Friesen T.L., Simons K.J., Xu S.S., Faris J.D. Development, identification, and validation of markers for markerassisted selection against the Stagonospora nodorum toxin sensitivity genes Tsn1 and Snn2 in wheat. Mol. Breed. 2009;23(1):35-49. DOI 10.1007/s11032-008-9211-5.Zhang Z., Friesen T.L., Simons K.J., Xu S.S., Faris J.D. Development, identification, and validation of markers for markerassisted selection against the Stagonospora nodorum toxin sensitivity genes Tsn1 and Snn2 in wheat. Mol. Breed. 2009;23(1):35-49. DOI 10.1007/s11032-008-9211-5.

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.