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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ20.676</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-2824</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ТЕСТ-СИСТЕМЫ И ВАКЦИНОПРОФИЛАКТИКА</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Технология мРНК как одна из перспективных платформ для разработки вакцины против SARS-CoV-2</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>mRNA technology as one of the promising platforms for the SARS-CoV-2 vaccine development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5356-0843</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильичев</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyichev</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ilyichev@vector.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7214-1855</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орлова</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlova</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0664-3587</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шарабрин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sharabrin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4365-8809</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карпенко</surname><given-names>Л. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karpenko</surname><given-names>L. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>р. п. Кольцово, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Koltsovo, Novosibirsk region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственный научный центр вирусологии и биотехнологии «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology “Vector”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2020</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>12</month><year>2020</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>802</fpage><lpage>807</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Ильичев А.А., Орлова Л.А., Шарабрин С.В., Карпенко Л.И., 2020</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2020</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Ильичев А.А., Орлова Л.А., Шарабрин С.В., Карпенко Л.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ilyichev A.A., Orlova L.A., Sharabrin S.V., Karpenko L.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2824">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2824</self-uri><abstract><p>После того как была опубликована последовательность генома SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2), а количество заболевших стало стремительно возрастать, многие глобальные компании начали разработку вакцины от данного вируса. Для создания вакцины задействованы практически все известные на данный момент способы – это вакцины на основе инактивированного вируса, мРНК и ДНК, вирусных векторов, синтетических пептидов и рекомбинантных белков, произведенных в клетках насекомых и млекопитающих. В обзоре рассматривается одна из перспективных вакцинных платформ, созданная на основе матричной РНК (мРНК). До недавнего времени мРНК-вакцинация не рассматривалась с практической точки зрения в силу высокой чувствительности к нуклеазной деградации и, как следствие, нестабильности препаратов на основе мРНК. Последние технологические достижения в значительной степени преодолели проблемы низкой иммуногенности, нестабильности и трудности доставки РНК-вакцин. Важно отметить, что мРНК-вакцины способны эффективно активизировать оба звена иммунитета – как Т-клеточный, так и гуморальный ответы. Существенным преимуществом мРНК-вакцин является быстрое недорогое масштабируемое и однотипное производство, обеспечивающее высокие выходы желаемого продукта в условиях in vitro. После синтеза и процедуры очистки технологически значительно проще добиться получения препарата мРНК инъекционной чистоты. Таким образом, производство мРНК путем транскрипции in vitro предпочтительнее в сравнении с производством ДНК-вакцин, так как в действительности является химическим процессом без использования клеток. По сравнению с производством вакцин на основе инактивированного вируса или рекомбинантного белка мРНК-технологии позволяют гораздо быстрее пройти все этапы разработки. Этот параметр имеет первостепенное значение для создания препаратов против вирусных патогенов, основной проблемой борьбы с которыми является временной разрыв между эпидемией и разработкой вакцины. В данном обзоре мы обсуждаем работы, связанные с разработкой вакцины против коронавирусов, включая SARS-CoV-2, с акцентом на технологии мРНК.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>After the genome sequence of SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus 2) was published and the number of infected people began to increase rapidly, many global companies began to develop a vaccine. Almost all known approaches to vaccine design were applied for this purpose, including inactivated viruses, mRNA and DNA-vaccines, vaccines based on various viral vectors, synthetically generated peptides and recombinant proteins produced in cells of insects and mammals. This review considers one of the promising vaccine platforms based on messenger RNA. Until recent years, mRNA-vaccination was out of practical implementation due to high sensitivity to nuclease degradation and consequent instability of drugs based on mRNA. Latest technological advances significantly mitigated the problems of low immunogenicity, instability, and difficulties in RNA-vaccine delivery. It is worth noting that mRNA-vaccines can efficiently activate both components of the immune system, i. e. T-cell and humoral responses. The essential advantage of mRNA-vaccines includes fast, inexpensive, scalable and uniform production providing a large output of desirable products in vitro. Synthesis and purification processes significantly simplify the process technology of mRNA drugs with injectable purity. Thus, mRNA production via in vitro transcription is more advantageous as compared with DNA-vaccines since it is a chemical process without the use of cells. mRNA techniques make it possible to pass all the phases of vaccine development much faster in comparison with the production of vaccines based on inactivated viruses or recombinant proteins. This property is critically important when designing vaccines against viral pathogens as the main problem of disease control includes a time gap between an epidemic and vaccine development. This paper discusses studies on the development of vaccines against coronaviruses including SARS-CoV-2 with special attention to the mRNA technique.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>коронавирус</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>мРНК-вакцины</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>coronavirus</kwd><kwd>SARS-CoV-2</kwd><kwd>COVID-19</kwd><kwd>mRNA-vaccines</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Работа выполнена в рамках государственного задания ФБУН ГНЦ ВБ «Вектор» Роспотребнадзора.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Capasso P.U., Kaczmarek J.C., Fenton O.S., Anderson D.G. 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