References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

10.18699/VJ20.679

vavilov-2841

Research Article

ГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКА

PLANT GENETICS AND BREEDING

Возможности и перспективы формирования генетической защиты мягкой пшеницы от стеблевой ржавчины в Западной Сибири

Challenges and prospects for developing genetic resistance in common wheat against stem rust in Western Siberia

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3455-5704

Кельбин

В. Н.

Kelbin

V. N.

kelbin@bionet.nsc.ru

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-5695

Сколотнева

Е. С.

Skolotneva

E. S.

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8590-847X

Салина

Е. А.

Salina

E. A.

Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation

2020

31122020

248821828

2020

Кельбин В.Н., Сколотнева Е.С., Салина Е.А.

Kelbin V.N., Skolotneva E.S., Salina E.A.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2841

Современные исследования проблемы устойчивости мягкой пшеницы к стеблевой ржавчине включают два основных направления: оценку устойчивости коллекций мягкой пшеницы к заболеванию с помощью молекулярных маркеров к известным генам устойчивости в дополнение к полевому скринингу материала и лабораторным тестам к образцам различных популяций гриба; поиск источников и доноров новых генов и генных локусов, в том числе среди культурных и дикорастущих родичей пшеницы. Для достижения адекватного генетического контроля заболевания важен интегральный подход, включающий как данные об источниках устойчивости, так и актуальные сведения о действующих в регионе патогенных популяциях, их расовом составе и динамике генов вирулентности. Результаты анализа экспериментальных данных полевого скрининга устойчивости к стеблевой ржавчине сортов мягкой пшеницы из коллекции питомников CIMMYT в условиях Омской и Новосибирской областей, а также лабораторного тестирования образцов инфекции на международном наборе пшеничных линий-дифференциаторов позволяют предполагать, что на территории Западной Сибири и Алтайского края существует обособленная, «азиатская», популяция Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici. При этом практический интерес для современных программ опережающей селекции пшеницы на иммунитет к стеблевой ржавчине в условиях Западной Сибири представляют гены устойчивости Sr2, Sr6Ai#2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, Sr39, Sr40, Sr44 и Sr57. В настоящем обзоре проанализированы источники генов, сохраняющих эффективность к западносибирской популяции P. graminis, с целью упрощения первичного этапа отбора селекционного материала для создания устойчивого генотипа путем пирамидирования генов. Описаны основные требования, предъявляемые к фитопатологическому тестированию селекционного материала. Составлен список молекулярных маркеров к указанным генам устойчивости – как широко применяющихся в маркер-ориентированной селекции, так и требующих верификации.

Current studies on bread wheat resistance to stem rust have two main subjects: complex analysis for resistance of bread wheat germplasm using molecular markers, field screening and laboratory tests against samples of different fungal populations, and searching for sources and donors of new genes and gene loci, including cultivated and wild relatives of wheat. To achieve adequate genetic control of the disease, an integral approach is important, incorporating both data on sources of resistance and relevant information on pathogenic populations existing in the region, their race composition and dynamics of virulence genes. The analysis of experimental data on field screening of bread wheat varieties from the CIMMYT nursery germplasm for stem rust resistance in the Omsk and Novosibirsk regions, together with laboratory testing of infection samples on the international set of wheat differential lines, suggests that a separate “Asian” population of Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici exists in Western Siberia and the Altai Territory. Wheat resistance genes Sr2, Sr6Ai#2, Sr24, Sr25, Sr26, Sr31, Sr39, Sr40, Sr44, and Sr57 are of practical interest for advanced wheat breeding programs for stem rust immunity in Western Siberia. This review provides an analysis of the gene sources that remain effective against the West Siberian population of P. graminis, in order to facilitate the initial stage of selection of breeding material to develop a stable genotype by gene pyramiding. The basic requirements for conducting a phytopathological test of breeding material are presented. A list of molecular markers for the mentioned resistance genes, both widely used in marker-assisted selection and requiring verification, has been compiled.

мягкая пшеницастеблевая ржавчинагены устойчивостимаркер-ориентированная селекцияфитопатологическое тестирование

bread wheatstem rustresistance genesmarker-assisted selectionphytopathological test

This study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project 19-316-90051, and State Budgeted Project 0259- 2019-0001-C-01

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.