vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ21.50-ovavilov-2885Research ArticleРЕПРОДУКТИВНЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИPHYSIOLOGICAL GENETICSДифференциальная экспрессия 10 генов, ассоциированных с агрессивным поведением, в гипоталамусе двух поколений крыс, селекционируемых по реакции на человекаDifferential expression of 10 genes in the hypothalamus of two generations of rats selected for a reaction to humansКлимоваН. В.KlimovaN. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2724-5441ЧадаеваИ. В.ChadaevaI. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

ichadaeva@bionet.nsc.ruШихевичС. Г.ShichevichS. G.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

КожемякинаР. В.KozhemyakinaR. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202129042021252208215Copyright © Климова Н.В., Чадаева И.В., Шихевич С.Г., Кожемякина Р.В., 20212021Климова Н.В., Чадаева И.В., Шихевич С.Г., Кожемякина Р.В.Klimova N.V., Chadaeva I.V., Shichevich S.G., Kozhemyakina R.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2885

Индивидуальные особенности поведения у особей одного вида обусловлены взаимодействием генотипа и социального опыта. Как у любого типа поведения, фенотипическое проявление паттернов агрессивного поведения зависит от согласованной экспрессии целых ансамблей генов. Однако идентификация этих генов и комбинаций их взаимного влияния на экспрессию остается сложной задачей. С целью выявления наиболее значимых для осуществления агрессивных реакций генов нами на модельных животных – серых крысах, селекционируемых по реакции на человека (линии ручных и агрессивных крыс), была проведена оценка уровня экспрессии выбранных на основе литературных данных десяти генов (Cacna1b, Cacna2d3, Drd2, Egr1, Gad2, Gria2, Mapk1, Nos1, Pomc, Syn1), которые ассоциированы с агрессивным поведением. Экспрессию генов оценивали методом ПЦР в реальном времени в образцах гипоталамуса ручных и агрессивных серых крыс двух разных поколений (88-е и 90-е). В результате проведенного анализа экспрессии генов в гипоталамусе крыс, селекционируемых на ручное и агрессивное поведение, было обнаружено, что четыре из десяти исследуемых генов достоверно различаются по уровню экспрессии между крысами агрессивной и ручной линий 88-го и 90-го поколений разведения. Кроме того, показано, что экспрессия генов Cacna1b, Drd2, Egr1 и Gad2 не изменяется между двумя поколениями крыс одной и той же линии, но достоверно различается между линиями: у крыс ручной линии обоих поколений эти гены экспрессируются достоверно ниже по сравнению с агрессивной. Гены Cacna1b, Drd2, Egr1 и Gad2 являются наиболее перспективными для дальнейших исследований поведенческих особенностей крыс, селекционируемых по реакции на человека. Данный результат подтверждает полигенную детерминацию фенотипического проявления агрессивных реакций на примере модельных животных.

Individual behavioral differences are due to an interaction of the genotype and the environment. Phenotypic manifestation of aggressive behavior depends on the coordinated expression of gene ensembles. Nonetheless, the identification of these genes and of combinations of their mutual influence on expression remains a difficult task. Using animal models of aggressive behavior (gray rats that were selected for a reaction to humans; tame and aggressive rat strains), we evaluated the expression of 10 genes potentially associated with aggressiveness according to the literature: Cacna1b, Cacna2d3, Drd2, Egr1, Gad2, Gria2, Mapk1, Nos1, Pomc, and Syn1. To identify the genes most important for the manifestation of aggressiveness, we analyzed the expression of these genes in two generations of rats: 88th and 90th. Assessment of gene expression levels was carried out by real-time PCR in the hypothalamus of tame and aggressive rats. This analysis confirmed that 4 out of the 10 genes differ in expression levels between aggressive rats and tame rats in both generations. Specifically, it was shown that the expression of the Cacna1b, Drd2, Egr1, and Gad2 genes does not differ between the two generations (88th vs 90th) within each strain, but significantly differs between the strains: in the tame rats of both generations, the expression levels of these genes are significantly lower as compared to those in the aggressive rats. Therefore, these genes hold promise for further studies on behavioral characteristics. Thus, we confirmed polygenic causes of phenotypic manifestation of aggressive reactions.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.