vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ21.026vavilov-2981Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВMICROBIAL GENETICSГалофильные бактерии соленых озер и солончаковых почв Прикаспийской низменности (Республика Дагестан) и их биотехнологический потенциалHalophilic bacteria of salt lakes and saline soils of the Peri-Caspian lowland (Republic of Daghestan) and their biotechnological potentialХалиловаЭ. А.KhalilovaE. A.

Махачкала, Республика Дагестан

Makhachkala, Daghestan

eslanda61@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7099-873XКотенкоС. Ц.KotenkoS. T.

Махачкала, Республика Дагестан

Makhachkala, Daghestan

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9897-1256ИсламмагомедоваЭ. А.IslammagomedovaE. A.

Махачкала, Республика Дагестан

Makhachkala, Daghestan

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0888-9580АбакароваА. А.AbakarovaA. A.

Махачкала, Республика Дагестан

Makhachkala, Daghestan

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3092-7539ЧерныхН. А.ChernyhN. A.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4784-4548АливердиеваД. А.AliverdiyevaD. A.

Махачкала, Республика Дагестан

Makhachkala, Daghestan

Прикаспийский институт биологических ресурсов Дагестанского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наукРоссияPrecaspian Institute of Biological Resources of the Daghestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут микробиологии им. С.Н. Виноградского, Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» Российской академии наукРоссияWinogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Federal Research Center “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202129042021252224233Copyright © Халилова Э.А., Котенко С.Ц., Исламмагомедова Э.А., Абакарова А.А., Черных Н.А., Аливердиева Д.А., 20212021Халилова Э.А., Котенко С.Ц., Исламмагомедова Э.А., Абакарова А.А., Черных Н.А., Аливердиева Д.А.Khalilova E.A., Kotenko S.T., Islammagomedova E.A., Abakarova A.A., Chernyh N.A., Aliverdiyeva D.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/2981

Приведены результаты изучения биоразнообразия и биотехнологического потенциала галофильных микроорганизмов из термального высокоминерализованного Берикейского озера, соленого Тарумовского озера и солончаковых почв Прикаспийской низменности (Республика Дагестан). С использованием микробиологических методов и метода анализа генов 16S рРНК идентифицированы денитрифицирующие галофильные бактерии родов Halomonas и Virgibacillus. Выявлен новый вид Halomonas sp. G2 (MW386470) с 95 % уровнем сходства нуклеотидных последовательностей генов 16S рРНК. Штамм G2 – экстремальный галофил, способный расти в диапазоне 5–25 % NaCl (оптимум 25 %) и образовывать каротиноидный пигмент. Мезофил (30–37 °С, оптимум 30 °С), нейтрофил (рН 6–8, оптимум 7.2–7.4). Хемолитотроф; редуцирует нитрат или нитрит в качестве доноров электронов; каталазо-, амилазо-, протеазо- и β-галактозидазоположительный; липазо-, оксидазо- и уреазоотрицательный. Не способен гидролизовать инозит, индол; продуцирует лизин, желатин, эктоин; в качестве источника углерода и энергии использует цитрат и малат натрия; не продуцирует орнитин, H2S и кислоту из d-маннозы, сахарозы, глицерина, целлобиозы, кроме лактозы и d-глюкозы. Восприимчив к триметоприму, ципрофлоксацину, офлоксацину, канамицину, ванкомицину, рифампицину, цефуроксиму, ампициллину, цефтазидиму, фосфомицину, кларитромицину, цефепиму, цефаклору. Содержание G+C в ДНК 67.3 %. Отличительной характеристикой изолята являлось продуцирование промышленно значимых гидролитических ферментов, таких как амилаза, протеаза, β-галактозидаза и оксиредуктазы – каталазы при концентрации NaCl в среде 25 %. Местообитание: солончаковые почвы на территории Терско-Кумской низменности (Республика Дагестан, Россия). Остальные галофильные изоляты H. ventosae G1 (MW386469), H. elongata G3 (MW386471), V. salinarius B2 (MW386472) и V. salinarius B3 (MW386473) имели высокую степень сходства (100 %) с типовыми штаммами H. elongata DSM 2581Т и V. salarius DSM 18441Т; содержание G+C в ДНК составляло 65.8, 66.5, 42.8 и 37.3 % соответственно. Штаммы имели высокий биотехнологический потенциал при концентрации NaCl в среде 5 и 25 %. Полученные данные расширили представление о разнообразии и экологическом значении денитрифицирующих бактерий в функционировании засушливых экосистем и выявлении штаммов, продуцирующих ферменты промышленного значения.

The article presents the results of studying the biodiversity and biotechnological potential of halophilic microorganisms from the thermal highly mineralized Berikey Lake, the salty Lake Tarumovskoye and saline soils of the Peri-Caspian Lowland (Republic of Daghestan). Denitrifying halophilic bacteria of the genus Halomonas and Virgibacillus were identified using microbiological methods and 16S rRNA gene analysis. A new species Halomonas sp. G2 (MW386470) with a similarity of the nucleotide sequences of the 16S rRNA genes is 95 %. Strain G2 is an extreme halophile capable of growing in the range of 5–25 % NaCl (optimum 25 %) and forming a carotenoid pigment. Mesophil, 30–37 °С (optimum 30 °С); neutrophil, pH 6–8 (optimum 7.2–7.4). Strain G2 chemolithotroph; reduces nitrate or nitrite as electron donors; catalase-, amylase-, protease- and β-galactosidase-positive; lipase-, oxidase- and urease-negative. Not able to hydrolyze inositol, indole; produces lysine, gelatin, ectoine; uses citrate and sodium malate as a source of carbon and energy; does not produce ornitin, H2S or acid from d-mannose, sucrose, glycerol, cellobiose, except for lactose and d-glucose. Susceptible to trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, kanamycin, vancomycin, rifampicin, cefuroxime, ampicillin, ceftazidime, fosfomycin, clarithromycin, cefepime, cefaclor. The G+C content in DNA is 67.3 %. A distinctive characteristic of the isolate was the production of industrially significant hydrolytic enzymes such as amylase, protease, β-galactosidase, and oxidoreductase (catalase) at a NaCl concentration of 25 % in the medium. Habitat: saline soils on the territory of the Tersko-Kumskaya lowland (Republic of Daghestan, Russia). The rest of the halophilic isolates of H. ventosae G1 (MW386469), H. elongata G3 (MW386471), V. salinarius B2 (MW386472), and V. salinarius B3 (MW386473) had a high degree of similarity (100 %) with the type strains of H. elongata DSM 2581Т and V. salarius DSM 18441Т; the content of G+C in DNA was 65.8, 66.5, 42.8 and 37.3 %, respectively. The strains had a high biotechnological potential at NaCl concentrations of 5 and 25 % in the medium. The data obtained expanded the understanding of the diversity and ecological significance of denitrifying bacteria in the functioning of arid ecosystems and make it possible to identify strains producing enzymes of industrial importance.

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