References

vavilov

Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding

2500-3259

Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS

vavilov-3010

Research Article

СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ

PLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY AND PERFORMANCE

Методические подходы создания удвоенных гаплоидов сахарной и столовой свеклы (Beta vulgaris L.)

Methodological approaches for producing doubled haploids in sugar beet and red beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1594-8430

Григолава

Т. Р.

Grigolava

T. R.

Москва

Moscow

grigolava1@gmail.com

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9160-1164

Вишнякова

А. В.

Vishnyakova

A. V.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9470-3676

Синицына

А. А.

Sinitsyna

A. A.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0249-246X

Воронина

А. В.

Voronina

A. V.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9701-6647

Зубко

О. Н.

Zubko

O. N.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5405-9460

Зудова

О. В.

Zudova

O. V.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9404-8862

Монахос

С. Г.

Monakhos

S. G.

Москва

Moscow

Российский государственный аграрный университет – МСХА имени К.А. ТимирязеваРоссияRussian State Agrarian University – Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural AcademyRussian Federation

2021

02062021

253276283

2021

Григолава Т.Р., Вишнякова А.В., Синицына А.А., Воронина А.В., Зубко О.Н., Зудова О.В., Монахос С.Г.

Grigolava T.R., Vishnyakova A.V., Sinitsyna A.A., Voronina A.V., Zubko O.N., Zudova O.V., Monakhos S.G.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.

https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3010

Производство удвоенных гаплоидов in vitro – актуальный биотехнологический способ ускоренного создания родительских линий для селекции гибридов F1. В отличие от классического инбридинга время создания гомозиготных линий свеклы (Beta vulgaris) с помощью технологии удвоенных гаплоидов сокращается с пяти–шести до двух поколений. Гиногенез является наиболее распространенным биотехнологическим методом производства удвоенных гаплоидов сахарной и столовой свеклы. Протоколы производства удвоенных гаплоидов для видов B. vulgaris немногочисленны и разработаны в основном для сахарной свеклы (B. vulgaris convar. saccharifera Alef.). Наибольший успех достигнут в производстве удвоенных гаплоидов сахарной свеклы гиногенезом в культуре изолированных семязачатков. Для столовой свеклы (B. vulgaris convar. esculenta Salisb.) проведены единичные исследования с показанной низкой эффективностью производства гаплоидных растений андро- и гиногенезом. В итоге протоколы производства удвоенных гаплоидов столовой свеклы отсутствуют, а протоколы, разработанные для сахарной свеклы, неэффективны для столовой, несмотря на принадлежность к одному виду. Исследования производства удвоенных гаплоидов путем андрогенеза у представителей рода Beta активно проводились в 70–80-х гг. прошлого столетия и не закончились получением растений-регенерантов, однако в настоящее время среди ученых снова возник интерес к данному методу и в разных странах возобновлены работы по изучению андрогенеза у представителей рода Beta. Статья содержит обзор исследований, посвященных созданию удвоенных гаплоидов; обсуждение подходов решения основных проблем при получении удвоенных гаплоидов и методов, позволяющих повысить выход эмбриоидов и растений-регенерантов, а также удвоенных гаплоидов у растений вида B. vulgaris.

The in vitro production of doubled haploids is a biotechnological path of an accelerated development of parental lines in F1-hybrid breeding programs. Unlike the traditional inbreeding method requiring 5 to 6 generations to reach a sufficient homozygosity of lines, the number of generations to produce pure lines of beet by haploid technologies is reduced to 2. The production of doubled haploids by gynogenesis is the most common biotechnological approach in sugar and red beets. Protocols for the production of doubled haploids for B. vulgaris species are few and have been developed mainly for sugar beets. There are no protocols for the production of doubled haploids for red beet (B. vulgaris convar. esculenta Salisb.), and the protocols developed for sugar beet (B. vulgaris convar. saccharifera Alef.) are ineffective for red beet, even though these two crops belong to the same species. The greatest success has been achieved in the production of doubled haploids by gynogenesis through isolated ovule culture, especially in sugar beet. Studies on the production of doubled haploids by androgenesis were actively carried out in the 1970s and 1980s and did not lead to the production of regenerated plants. However, at present, there is renewed interest among researchers in this approach, and scientists in different countries are conducting studies of Beta vulgaris androgenesis through isolated microspore culture. This article provides an overview of studies devoted to the production of doubled haploids, addressing the main problems of doubled haploid technologies, and methods to increase the frequency of embryogenesis and doubled haploid plant formation in B. vulgaris crops.

Beta vulgarisгаплоидные технологиигиногенезкультура микроспорэмбриогенезудвоенные гаплоиды

Beta vulgarishaploid technologygynogenesismicrospore cultureembryogenesisdoubled haploids

This work was supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation by the Agreement No. 075-15-2020-905, Nov 16, 2020, for the establishment and development of a World-class Scientific Center “Agrotechnologies for the Future.”

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.