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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ21.040</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3037</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Селекция зерновых и зернобобовых культур</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Breeding of cereals and grain legumes</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Научное обеспечение эффективного развития селекции и семеноводства сои на Дальнем Востоке</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Scientific provision of an effective development of soybean breeding and seed production in the Russian Far East</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Синеговская</surname><given-names>В. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sinegovskaya</surname><given-names>V. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Благовещенск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Blagoveschensk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valsin09@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр «Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сои»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybeans”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>374</fpage><lpage>380</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Синеговская В.Т., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Синеговская В.Т.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sinegovskaya V.T.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3037">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3037</self-uri><abstract><p>На Дальнем Востоке соя – высокорентабельная культура, ее посевы преобладают в севообороте всех хозяйств региона. Наращивание производства зерна этой культуры происходит за счет увеличения посевных площадей и повышения ее урожайности. Поэтому в научных учреждениях региона огромное внимание уделяется селекции сортов, обладающих способностью в условиях с ограниченными тепловыми ресурсами давать высокие урожаи. В статье приведены основные результаты, полученные в учреждениях Дальневосточного федерального округа (ДФО) по селекции сои. В 2020 г. 45 сортов сои, созданных научными учреждениями ДФО, зарегистрированы в «Государственном реестре селекционных достижений…» и допущены к использованию в производстве по 12-му (Дальневосточному) региону. Большинство из этих сортов принадлежит Всероссийскому научно-исследовательскому институту сои (ВНИИ сои). На долю посевных площадей сои Дальнего Востока, занятых сортами отечественной селекции, приходится 63.7 %, при этом 48.9 % составляют сорта ВНИИ сои. Самыми востребованными являются сорта ВНИИ сои, такие как Алена, Китросса, Лидия, Евгения, МК 100. Сорта приморской селекции – Муссон, Приморская 4, Приморская 86, Приморская 96, Сфера – пользуются спросом в основном в Приморском крае, а сорта хабаровской селекции – Батя, Марината – имеют преимущество в Хабаровском крае и Еврейской автономной области. Все сорта генетически не модифицированы и создаются главным образом классическими методами селекции. Селекционеры ФГБНУ «ФНЦ агробиотехнологий Дальнего Востока им. А.К. Чайки» совместно с биотехнологами проводят подбор пар для скрещивания с применением биотехнологических методов по оценке их полиморфизма вместо многолетнего отбора по фенотипическим признакам в полевых условиях. Оценка отечественных и зарубежных сортов на устойчивость к болезням позволила выявить высокую степень поражения зарубежных сортов опасными вирусами и патогенными грибами. Совместно с японскими учеными из университета Ниигата обнаружен вирус карликовости астрагала (MDV, Milk vetch dwarf virus) на канадских и китайских сортах в Приморском крае и Амурской области. Переносчик этого заболевания – соевая тля (Aphis glycines).</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In the Russian Far East, a highly profitable crop is soybean, which predominates in all farms’ crop rotation in the region. An increase in this crop production occurs here both by increasing the sown area and increasing its yield. Therefore, in scientific institutions, great attention is paid to breeding varieties that can produce high yields in conditions with limited thermal resources with adaptation to the extreme soil and climatic conditions of the region’s soybean growing zones. In 2020, 45 varieties developed by scientific institutions of the Far Eastern Federal District were introduced to the State Register of the Russian Federation and approved for use in production in code 12 region (Far Eastern), with the largest number of the entries coming from the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybeans. The share of cultivated areas in the Russian Far East occupied by domestic varieties was 63.7 %, the largest share of sown varieties – 48.9 % – belongs to the Federal Research Center All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean. The most popular were the varieties of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Soybean, such as Alena, Kitrossa, Lydiya, Evgeniya, MK 100, Primorsky varieties (Musson, Primorskaya 4, Primorskaya 86, Primorskaya 96, Sphera) are in demand mainly in Primorsky Krai, and Khabarovsk varieties (Batya, Marinata) have an advantage in Khabarovsky Krai and the Jewish Autonomous Region. All varieties are not genetically modified and are created mainly by classical breeding methods. Breeders of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution,“Federal Research Center of Agrobiotechnology of the Far East named after A.K. Chaika” and biotechnologists carry out the selection of pairs for crossing using biotechnological methods to assess their polymorphism, instead of long-term selection for phenotypic features in the field. Evaluation of domestic and foreign varieties for disease resistance revealed a high degree of damage to foreign varieties by dangerous viral and fungal diseases. Together with Japanese scientists from the University of Niigata, the astragalus mosaic virus was detected on Canadian and Chinese varieties in Primorsky Krai and the Amur Region using DNA analysis. The carrier of this disease is soybean aphid (Aphis glycines).</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Дальний Восток</kwd><kwd>соя</kwd><kwd>сорт</kwd><kwd>селекция и семеноводство</kwd><kwd>вирусы</kwd><kwd>грибные болезни</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Barsukova E.N., Efremova O.S., Romashova M.V., Fisenko P.V., Ilyushko M.V. Efficiency of using biotechnological methods in breeding of agricultural plants in Primorsky Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture. Agrarnaya Rossiya = Agrarian Russia. 2015;8:2-7. (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Barsukova E.N., Efremova O.S., Romashova M.V., Fisenko P.V., Ilyushko M.V. Efficiency of using biotechnological methods in breeding of agricultural plants in Primorsky Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture. Agrarnaya Rossiya = Agrarian Russia. 2015;8:2-7. 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