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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ21.041</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3038</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>Селекция зерновых и зернобобовых культур</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Breeding of cereals and grain legumes</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Современная селекция зернобобовых и крупяных культур в России</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Present-day breeding of legumes and groat crops in Russia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5713-7444</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зотиков</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zotikov</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орел</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orel</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zotikovzbk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7373-5951</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вилюнов</surname><given-names>С. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vilyunov</surname><given-names>S. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Орел</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Orel</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный научный центр зернобобовых и крупяных культур<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Scientiﬁc Center of Legumes and Groat Crops<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>10</day><month>07</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>381</fpage><lpage>387</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зотиков В.И., Вилюнов С.Д., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зотиков В.И., Вилюнов С.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zotikov V.I., Vilyunov S.D.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3038">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3038</self-uri><abstract><p>Производство сортовых семян – не только важный, но и экономически выгодный ресурс повышения урожайности и эффективности сельскохозяйственной отрасли. Реализация генетического потенциала сортов возможна лишь при условии внедрения в производство сортов, адаптивных к почвенно-климатическим условиям региона, использовании при их возделывании современных средств защиты растений, сбалансированного минерального питания, являющихся важнейшими факторами, определяющими уровень урожайности. В процессе селекционно-генетических работ в Федеральном научном центре зернобобовых и крупяных культур (ФНЦ ЗБК) созданы новые сорта сои с высокой биологической и хозяйственной продуктивностью, устойчивые к основным стрессовым факторам. Несмотря на тесную взаимосвязь между продуктивностью и длиной вегетационного периода, полученные в ФНЦ ЗБК скороспелые (100–115 сут) высокопродуктивные сорта сои способны давать урожай порядка 2.5–3.5 т/га с высоким содержанием белка (37–42 %) и жира (18–22 %) в зависимости от условий конкретного года возделывания. Они менее требовательны к теплу, чем другие сорта российской и зарубежной селекции. Важно, что эти сорта сои не являются генетически модифицированными. Новые сорта гороха, выведенные в ФНЦ ЗБК в период с 2015 по 2020 г., отличаются по длине вегетационного периода, морфологическим признакам, обладают адаптивностью к почвенно-климатическим условиям региона, что обеспечивает максимальную реализацию потенциала их урожайности. Основной фактор увеличения урожайности и стабилизации производства зерна гречихи и проса в Российской Федерации – создание и ускоренное использование в производстве новых скороспелых и высокоурожайных сортов детерминантного типа, адаптированных к конкретным природно-климатическим условиям различных регионов страны.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The production of pedigree seeds is not only an important but also a cost-effective means of increasing the yield and efficiency of agriculture. The genetic potential of varieties can be unlocked only by choosing those adaptive to the soil and climatic conditions in a particular region, using modern tools for plant protection, and applying balanced mineral nutrition. These are the most important factors determining the performance. In the course of breeding and genetic work, the Federal Scientific Center of Legumes and Groat Crops (FSC LGC) has created new soybean varieties, whose high biological and economic potentials are combined with resistance to stress factors. Despite the close relationship between productivity and growing season duration, the highly productive and early-ripening (100–115 days) soybean varieties raised at FSC LGC can yield 2.5 to 3.5 t/ha, the grain having high contents of protein (37–42 %) and fat (18–22 %), depending on the climatic conditions in a particular year of cultivation. They are less temperature-sensitive than other domestic or foreign varieties. It is important that our soybean varieties are not genetically modified. New pea varieties created at FSC LGC in 2015–2020 differ in growing season duration and morphological features. They are adaptable to the soil and climatic conditions of a region, which ensures the maximum realization of their potential. The main factor in increasing yields and stabilizing the production of buckwheat and millet grain in the Russian Federation is the creation and adaption of new earlyripening and high-yielding varieties of the determinate type adapted to the specific natural and climatic conditions of different regions of Russia.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зернобобовые и крупяные культуры</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>горох</kwd><kwd>соя</kwd><kwd>гречиха</kwd><kwd>просо</kwd><kwd>сорт</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Browning J.A., Frey K.J. 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(in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
