vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ21.055vavilov-3106Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХANIMAL GENETICSВариабельность последовательности D-петли митохондриальной ДНК у лошадей забайкальской породыVariability of mitochondrial DNA D-loop sequences in Zabaikalskaya horse breedhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2590-8472ХраброваЛ. А.KhrabrovaL. A.

пос. Дивово, Рыбновский район, Рязанская область

Divovo, Ryazan Region

l.khrabrova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7406-6385БлохинаН. В.BlohinaN. V.

пос. Дивово, Рыбновский район, Рязанская область

Divovo, Ryazan Region

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-5815БазаронБ. З.BazaronB. Z.

Чита

Chita

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0147-2929ХамируевТ. Н.KhamiruevT. N.

Чита

Chita

Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт коневодстваРоссияAll-Russian Research Institute for Horse BreedingRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт ветеринарии Восточной Сибири – филиал Сибирского федерального научного центра агробиотехнологий Российской академии наукРоссияScientific Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine of Eastern Siberia – Branch of the Siberian Federal Scientific Centre of Agro-BioTechnologies of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202109092021255486491Copyright © Храброва Л.А., Блохина Н.В., Базарон Б.З., Хамируев Т.Н., 20212021Храброва Л.А., Блохина Н.В., Базарон Б.З., Хамируев Т.Н.Khrabrova L.A., Blohina N.V., Bazaron B.Z., Khamiruev T.N.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3106

Забайкальская лошадь – аборигенная порода лошадей Сибири универсального использования. Она х рактеризуется выносливостью и хорошей приспособленностью к круглогодичному табунному содержанию в суровых условиях байкальских степей. Для определения генетических особенностей материнских линий забайкальской породы на основе полиморфизмов митохондриальной ДНК мы собрали образцы волос от 31 лошади, принадлежащей племенным хозяйствам Забайкальского края. Анализ последовательности D-петли мтДНК размером 530 п. н. проводили с использованием модели максимального правдоподобия (MCL) в сочетании с бутстрэп-анализом. При изучении полиморфизма гипервариабельного региона D-петли мтДНК у забайкальских лошадей был выявлен 31 гаплотип, представляющий восемь гаплогрупп: B, C, G, H, L, M, Q и R, согласно современной классификации. Секвенированный фрагмент D-петли (нуклеотидная позиция 15471–16000) содержал 17 полиморфных сайтов, в основном представленных транзициями A→G, G→A и T→C. В структуре мтДНК породы преобладали гаплогруппы Q (25.81 %), B (19.35 %), G (16.3 %) и H (12.90 %). Генетический анализ митохондриального генома забайкальской лошади выявил высокий уровень разнообразия гаплотипов и гаплогрупп, которые типичны для популяции лошадей Евразии.

The Zabaikalskaya horse is an indigenous breed of horses from Siberia with diverse use. It is characterized by e durance and good adaptability to year-round herd maintenance in the harsh conditions of the Baikal steppes. To determine the genetic characteristics of the maternal lineage of the Zabaikalskaya horse breed based on mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms, we collected hair samples from 31 horses belonging to breeding farms in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Analysis of the 530 bp sequence of the mtDNA D-loop was performed using the maximum composite likelihood (MCL) model in combination with bootstrap analysis. When studying the polymorphism of the hypervariable region of the mtDNA D-loop in Zabaikalskaya horses, we identified 31 haplotypes representing 8 haplogroups: B, C, G, H, L, M, Q and R according to modern classification. The sequenced fragment of the D-loop from nucleotide position 15471 to 16000 contained 17 polymorphic sites, mainly represented by the A→G, G→A and T→C transitions. The haplogroups Q (25.81 %), B (19.35 %), G (16.13 %) and H (12.90 %) were prevailing in the mtDNA structure of this breed. Genetic analysis of the mitochondrial genome of the Zabaikalskaya horse revealed a high level of diversity of haplotypes and haplogroups, which are typical for the horse populations of Eurasia.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.