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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ21.071</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3135</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА, НЕЙРОГЕНЕТИКА, ИММУНОГЕНЕТИКА, БИОМЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POPULATION GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Межфазный период «всходы–колошение» у 8х и 6х тритикале с различными доминантными генами Vrn</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The interphase period “germination–heading” of 8x and 6x triticale with different dominant Vrn genes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стёпочкин</surname><given-names>П. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepochkin</surname><given-names>P. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>пос. Краснообск, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region</p><p> </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">petstep@ngs.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стасюк</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stasyuk</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства и селекции – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>10</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>631</fpage><lpage>637</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стёпочкин П.И., Стасюк А.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стёпочкин П.И., Стасюк А.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stepochkin P.I., Stasyuk A.I.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3135">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3135</self-uri><abstract><p>Существующие коллекционные формы яровых пшенично-ржаных амфиплоидов характеризуются позднеспелостью из-за большой продолжительности межфазного периода «всходы–колошение». На проявление этого признака влияют гены Vrn-1, аллели которых в доминантном состоянии обусловливают яровой тип развития. В статье приведены результаты изучения межфазного периода «всходы–колошение» у яровых окта- и гексаплоидных форм тритикале, создаваемых для использования в исследовательских и селекционных программах в условиях лесостепи Западной Сибири. Исследования проводили в питомнике октаплоидных (8х) тритикале в полевых условиях у первичных форм 8хVrnA1, 8хVrnD1 и 8хVrnВ1, полученных искусственным удвоением числа хромосом пшенично-ржаных гибридов от опыления пыльцой озимой ржи (сорт Короткостебельная 69) трех линий мягкой пшеницы Triple Dirk – доноров разных доминантных генов Vrn-1. В питомнике гексаплоидных (6х) тритикале изучали этот признак растений в популяциях гибридов от скрещиваний трех форм первичных октаплоидных тритикале с гексаплоидным озимым сортом тритикале Сирс 57. С помощью молекулярных маркеров у гибридов определен аллельный состав генов Vrn-1. В потомстве, полученном от скрещивания 8хVrnD1×Сирс 57, выделены и определены методом ПЦР генотипы яровых растений 6х тритикале с доминантным геном Vrn-D1. Данный факт свидетельствует о включении в них генетического материала хромосомы пятой гомеологичной группы генома D мягкой пшеницы, входящего в геномный состав октаплоидного тритикале. Этот геном отсутствует в озимом 6x тритикале Сирс 57. У созданных гексаплоидных форм тритикале озерненность колоса была лучше, чем у материнских октаплоидных. Показано, что растения из гибридных популяций 8хVrnА1×Сирс 57 и 8хVrnD1×Сирс 57, несущие доминантные аллели Vrn-А1a и Vrn-D1a соответственно, обладают более короткой продолжительностью межфазного периода «всходы–колошение», чем исходные родительские формы первичных 8х тритикале. Короткий межфазный период «всходы–колошение» у полученных 6х тритикале является селекционно ценным признаком для создания раннеспелых и продуктивных генотипов тритикале.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The existing spring forms of wheat-rye amphiploids are characterized by late maturity due to the long duration of the interphase period “germination–heading”. The manifestation of this trait is influenced by Vrn-1 genes. Their dominant alleles also determine the spring type of development. The results of studying the interphase period “germination–heading” of spring octaploid and hexaploid forms of triticale created for use in research and breeding programs under the conditions of forest-steppe of Western Siberia are given in this article. The interphase period of the primary forms 8xVrnA1, 8xVrnB1 and 8xVrnD1 obtained by artificial doubling of the chromosome number of the wheat-rye hybrids made by pollination of three lines of the soft wheat ‘Triple Dirk’ – donors of different dominant Vrn-1 genes – by a winter rye variety ‘Korotkostebel’naya 69’ was determined under the field conditions in the nursery of octaploid (8x) triticale. In the nursery of hexaploid triticale, this trait was studied in the populations of hybrids obtained by hybridization of these three primary forms of octaploid triticale with the hexaploid winter triticale variety ‘Sears 57’. In the offspring of crossing 8хVrnD1× ‘Sears 57’, spring genotypes of 6x triticale bearing Vrn-D1 were selected. This fact was determined by PСR. It means that the genetic material from the chromosome of the fifth homeologous group of the D genome of the bread wheat is included in the plant genotypes. This genome is absent in the winter 6x triticale ‘Sears 57’. The grain content of spikes of the created hexaploid forms of triticale is superiour to that of the maternal octaploid triticale forms. It was shown that plants of the hybrid populations 8xVrnA1× ‘Sears 57’ and 8xVrnD1× ‘Sears 57’ carrying the dominant alleles Vrn-A1a and Vrn-D1a, respectively, have a shorter duration of the “germination–heading” interphase period than the initial parental forms of primary 8x triticale. The short interphase period of “germination–heading” of the 6x triticale is a valuable breading trait for the creation of early maturing and productive genotypes of triticale.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>октаплоидные</kwd><kwd>гексаплоидные тритикале</kwd><kwd>межфазный период «всходы–колошение»</kwd><kwd>гены Vrn-1</kwd><kwd>гибриды</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>octaploid</kwd><kwd>hexaploid triticale</kwd><kwd>interphase period “germinarion–heading”</kwd><kwd>Vrn-1 genes</kwd><kwd>hybrids</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work is supported by State Budgeted Project 0259-2021-0012 for the Institute of Cytology and Genetics</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cheng Z.-J., Murata M. Loss chromosomes 2R and 5RS in octoploid triticale selected for agronomic traits. 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