vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ21.080vavilov-3174Research ArticleСТРЕССОУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ РАСТЕНИЙSTRESS RESISTANCE IN PLANTSПолучение и характеристика линии мягкой пшеницы (Тулайковская 10 × Саратовская 29) с интрогрессией хромосомы пырея Thinopyrum intermedium 6Agi2Raise and characterization of a bread wheat hybrid line (Tulaykovskaya 10 × Saratovskaya 29) with chromosome 6Agi2 introgressed from Thinopyrum intermediumhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9655-4539ИвановаЮ. Н.IvanovaYu. N.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

kabanenko@bionet.nsc.ruРозенфридК. К.RosenfreadK. K.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

СтасюкА. И.StasyukA. I.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8047-5695СколотневаЕ. С.SkolotnevaE. S.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3299-2975СилковаО. Г.SilkovaO. G.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationНовосибирский государственный аграрный университетРоссияNovosibirsk State Agrarian UniversityRussian FederationКурчатовский геномный центр ИЦиГ СО РАНРоссияKurchatov Genomic Center of ICG SB RASRussian Federation202102122021257701712Copyright © Иванова Ю.Н., Розенфрид К.К., Стасюк А.И., Сколотнева Е.С., Силкова О.Г., 20212021Иванова Ю.Н., Розенфрид К.К., Стасюк А.И., Сколотнева Е.С., Силкова О.Г.Ivanova Y.N., Rosenfread K.K., Stasyuk A.I., Skolotneva E.S., Silkova O.G.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3174

Пырей промежуточный Thinopyrum intermedium является источником агрономически ценных признаков для мягкой пшеницы, для передачи которых используют частичные пшенично-пырейные амфидиплоиды и линии с замещением хромосомами пырея. С использованием линии Агис 1 создан сорт яровой мягкой пшеницы Тулайковская 5, который входит в родословную сорта Тулайковская 10. В геноме сорта хромосома пшеницы  6D замещена хромосомой пырея 6Agi2, несущей комплексную устойчивость к грибным заболеваниям в различных эколого-географических зонах. В данной работе изучен характер передачи хромосомы пырея 6Agi2 в гибридных популяциях сортов Саратовская 29×Тулайковская 10 (С29×Т10) и Тулайковская 10×Саратовская 29 (Т10×С29). Хромосома пырея 6Agi2 идентифицирована с помощью хромосомоспецифичных праймеров и методом геномной in situ гибридизации. Согласно молекулярному анализу, хромосома 6Agi2 передавалась почти половине изученных растений в F2 и F3 поколениях. В F5 поколении Т10×С29 с помощью GISH выделена и охарактеризована новая селекционная линия 49-14 (2n = 42) с парой хромосом 6Agi2. По результатам эксперимента в полевых условиях 2020 г. линия имела высокие показатели продуктивности. Масса зерен с растения (10.04±0.93 г) и число зерен с растения (259.36±22.49) достоверно не отличались от родительских сортов. Число зерен на колосок в главном колосе у линии 49-14 было достоверно выше, чем у сортов С29 (при р ≤ 0.001) и Т10 (при р ≤ 0.05). Растения характеризовались способностью завязывать 3.77±0.1 зерна на колосок, размах изменчивости признака варьировал от 2.93 до 4.62 у индивидуальных растений. Содержание белка в зерне составило 17.91 %, клейковины – 40.55 %. Согласно скринингу на устойчивость к грибным болезням, проведенному в полевых условиях 2018 и 2020 гг., хромосома 6Agi2 сохраняет у растений иммунность к западносибирской популяции бурой ржавчины и к доминантным расам стеблевой ржавчины, а также обеспечивает средний устойчивый и средний восприимчивый типы реакции к возбудителям желтой ржавчины. Обсуждается возможность использования линий/сортов мягкой пшеницы, несущих хромосомы пырея 6Agi2, в селекции на увеличение содержания белка в зерне, на устойчивость к листостебельным заболеваниям и на создание многоцветковых форм.

Wheatgrass Thinopyrum intermedium is a source of agronomically valuable traits for common wheat. Partial wheat–wheatgrass amphidiploids and lines with wheatgrass chromosome substitutions are extensively used as intermediates in breeding programs. Line Agis 1 (6Agi2/6D) is present in the cultivar Tulaykovskaya 10 pedigree. Wheatgrass chromosome 6Agi2 carries multiple resistance to fungal diseases in various ecogeographical zones. In  this work, we studied the transfer of chromosome 6Agi2 in hybrid populations Saratovskaya 29×Tulaykovskaya 10 (S29×T10) and Tulaykovskaya 10×Saratovskaya 29 (T10×S29). Chromosome 6Agi2 was identified by PCR with chromosome-specific primers and by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). According to molecular data, 6Agi2 was transmitted to nearly half of the plants tested in the F2 and F3 generations. A new breeding line 49-14 (2n = 42) with chromosome pair 6Agi2 was isolated and characterized in T10×S29 F5 by GISH. According to the results of our field experiment in 2020, the line had high productivity traits. The grain weights per plant (10.04±0.93 g) and the number of grains per plant (259.36±22.49) did not differ significantly from the parent varieties. The number of grains per spikelet in the main spike was significantly higher than in S29 (p ≤ 0.001) or T10 (p ≤ 0.05). Plants were characterized by the ability to set 3.77±0.1 grains per spikelet, and this trait varied among individuals from 2.93 to 4.62. The grain protein content was 17.91 %, and the gluten content, 40.55 %. According to the screening for fungal disease resistance carried out in the field in 2018 and 2020, chromosome 6Agi2 makes plants retain immunity to the West Siberian population of brown rust and to dominant races of stem rust. It also provides medium resistant and medium susceptible types of response to yellow rust. The possibility of using lines/varieties of bread wheat with wheatgrass chromosomes 6Agi2 in breeding in order to increase protein content in the grain, to confer resistance to leaf diseases on plants and to create multiflowered forms is discussed.

 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.