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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ21.089</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3182</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ В ПОСТГЕНОМНУЮ ЭРУ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Biotechnology in the postgenomic epoch  BIOTECHNOLOGY IN THE POSTGENOMIC EPOCH</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Субкомпартментационная оксфосомная модель организации фосфорилирующей системы митохондрий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The subcompartmented oxphosomic model of the phosphorylating system organization in mitochondria</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Уколова</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukolova</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">irina@sifibr.irk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский институт физиологии и биохимии растений Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>12</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>778</fpage><lpage>786</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Уколова И.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Уколова И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ukolova I.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3182">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3182</self-uri><abstract><p>Система окислительного фосфорилирования (ОКСФОС) митохондрий поддерживает все жизненно важные энергозатратные процессы в клетках эукариот, обеспечивая их энергией в форме АТФ. Ферменты ОКСФОС (комплексы I–V) локализуются во внутренней мембране митохондрий, преимущественно в кристном субкомпартменте. К настоящему времени получен значительный объем данных, указывающих на то, что дыхательные комплексы I, III2 и IV в условиях in vivo могут физически взаимодействовать друг с другом в различной стехиометрии, образуя суперкомплексы. Несмотря на активное накопление знаний о структуре основных суперкомплексов системы ОКСФОС, ее физическая и функциональная организация in vivo остается неясной. Современные модели организации ОКСФОС во внутренней мембране митохондрий противоречивы и предполагают существование либо высокоорганизованных дыхательных цепочек, либо, наоборот, набора случайно расположенных дыхательных суперкомплексов и комплексов. При этом предполагается, что АТФ-синтаза (комплекс V) не образует ассоциаций с дыхательными ферментами и работает автономно. Наши последние данные, полученные на митохондриях этиолированных побегов гороха, указывают на возможность физической ассоциации дыхательных суперкомплексов и димерной АТФ-синтазы. Эта информация позволила пересмотреть существующие представления об организации фосфорилирующей системы и предложить новую субкомпартментационную оксфосомную модель. Согласно новой модели, значительная часть комплексов ОКСФОС формирует оксфосомы, которые в определенной стехиометрии включают комплексы I–V и располагаются преимущественно в кристном субкомпартменте митохондрий в виде высокоорганизованных цепочек или «патчей», представляющих собой «мини-фабрики» по производству АТФ. Предполагается, что такая организация способствует увеличению эффективности работы системы ОКСФОС; открывает новые возможности для регуляции ее активности и в той или иной степени может определять морфологию внутренней мембраны митохондрий. В обзоре подробно обсуждается предлагаемая модель. Для лучшего понимания вопроса кратко рассмотрена история развития представлений об организации системы ОКСФОС с акцентом на современные модели, а также приведены накопленные за последние сорок лет основные экспериментальные данные, подтверждающие обоснованность оксфосомной гипотезы.</p><p> </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) system of mitochondria supports all the vitally important energyconsuming processes in eukaryotic cells, providing them with energy in the form of ATP. OXPHOS enzymes (complexes I–V) are located in the inner mitochondrial membrane, mainly in the cristae subcompartment. At present, there is a large body of data evidencing that the respiratory complexes I, III2 and IV under in vivo conditions can physically interact with each other in diverse stoichiometry, thereby forming supercomplexes. Despite active accumulation of knowledge about the structure of the main supercomplexes of the OXPHOS system, its physical and functional organization in vivo remains unclear. Contemporary models of the OXPHOS system’s organization in the inner membrane of mitochondria are contradictory and presume the existence of either highly organized respiratory strings, or, by contrast, a set of randomly dispersed respiratory supercomplexes and complexes. Furthermore, it is assumed that ATP-synthase (complex V) does not form associations with respiratory enzymes and operates autonomously. Our latest data obtained on mitochondria of etiolated shoots of pea evidence the possibility of physical association between the respiratory supercomplexes and dimeric ATP-synthase. These data have allowed us to reconsider the contemporary concept of the phosphorylation system organization and propose a new subcompartmented oxphosomic model. According to this model, a substantial number of the OXPHOS complexes form oxphosomes, which in a definite stoichiometry include complexes I–V and are located predominantly in the cristae subcompartment of mitochondria in the form of highly organized strings or patches. These suprastructures represent “mini-factories” for ATP production. It is assumed that such an organization (1) contributes to increasing the efficiency of the OXPHOS system operation, (2) involves new levels of activity regulation, and (3) may determine the inner membrane morphology to some extent. The review discusses the proposed model in detail. For a better understanding of the matter, the history of development of concepts concerning the OXPHOS organization with the emphasis on recent contemporary models is briefly considered. The principal experimental data accumulated over the past 40 years, which confirm the validity of the oxphosomic hypothesis, are also provided.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>система окислительного фосфорилирования</kwd><kwd>митохондрии</kwd><kwd>оксфосома</kwd><kwd>модели организации ОКСФОС</kwd><kwd>суперкомплексы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>system of oxidative phosphorylation</kwd><kwd>mitochondria</kwd><kwd>oxphosome</kwd><kwd>models of the OXPHOS organization</kwd><kwd>supercomplexes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This work was supported by Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant number 14-04-01233а.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Acín-Pérez R., Enríquez J.A. The function of the respiratory supercomplexes: the plasticity model. Biochim. Biophys. 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