vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ21.081vavilov-3184Research ArticleСТРЕССОУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ РАСТЕНИЙSTRESS RESISTANCE IN PLANTSПребридинговое изучение интрогрессивных линий яровой мягкой пшеницы, несущих комбинации Sr22+Sr25 и Sr35+Sr25 генов устойчивости к стеблевой ржавчинеA prebreeding study of introgression spring bread wheat lines carrying combinations of stem rust resistance genes, Sr22+Sr25 and Sr35+Sr25https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8324-9765СибикеевС. Н.SibikeevS. N.

Саратов

Saratov

sibikeev_sergey@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9439-2102БарановаО. А.BaranovaO. A.

Пушкин, Санкт-Петербург

Pushkin, St. Petersburg

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3968-2470ДружинА. Е.DruzhinA. E.

Саратов

Saratov

Федеральный аграрный научный центр Юго-ВостокаРоссияFederal Center of Agriculture Research of the South-East RegionRussian FederationВсероссийский научно-исследовательский институт защиты растенийРоссияAll-Russian Institute of Plant ProtectionRussian Federation202103122021257713722Copyright © Сибикеев С.Н., Баранова О.А., Дружин А.Е., 20212021Сибикеев С.Н., Баранова О.А., Дружин А.Е.Sibikeev S.N., Baranova O.A., Druzhin A.E.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3184

Гены Sr22, Sr35 и Sr25 привлекают внимание селекционеров мягкой пшеницы эффективностью против расы Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici Ug99 и ее биотипов. К настоящему времени защитный эффект комбинаций генов Sr22+Sr25 и Sr35+Sr25 не исследован, неизвестно их влияние на агрономические показатели. В представленной работе эти показатели изучены с использованием линий яровой мягкой пшеницы Л503/W3534//Л503 (Sr22+Sr25) и Л503/Sr35//Л503/3/Л503 (Sr35+Sr25). Линии оценивали на устойчивость: к P. graminis f. sp. tritici в условиях естественных эпифитотий 2016–2020 гг., а также к саратовской, лысогорской и омской популяциям патогена и к изолятам гриба, PgtZ1 (TKSTF) и PgtF18.6, – в лабораторных условиях (TKSTF+Sr33). С помощью молекулярных маркеров подтверждено наличие изучаемых Sr-генов. Выявлена высокая эффективность комбинации генов Sr22+Sr25 как при естественных эпифитотиях патогена, так и в лабораторных исследованиях. Комбинация Sr35+Sr25 оказалась неэффективной. В среднем за 2018–2020 гг. у линий с обеими комбинациями генов отмечено понижение массы 1000 зерен и увеличение периода «всходы–колошение». У линии с комбинацией генов Sr22+Sr25 обнаружены незначительные эффекты на показатели клейковины и упругость теста, но отношение упругости теста к растяжимости было выше, а сила муки, пористость и объем хлеба – ниже; у линии с комбинацией Sr35+Sr25 количество клейковины ниже, но крепость, упругость теста и отношение упругости теста к растяжимости выше, сила муки и пористость хлеба на уровне реципиента, но объем хлеба ниже.

 

The Sr22, Sr35, and Sr25 genes attract the attention of bread wheat breeders with their effectiveness against Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici race Ug99 and its biotypes. The effectiveness and impact of Sr22+Sr25 and Sr35+Sr25 gene combinations on agronomic traits have not yet been studied. In the present article, these traits were studied using the spring bread wheat lines L503/W3534//L503, L503/Sr35//L503/3/L503 carrying the Sr22+Sr25 and Sr35+Sr25 genes during 2016–2020. These lines were assessed for resistance to P. graminis f. sp. tritici under natural epiphytotics and to the Saratov, Lysogorsk and Omsk populations of the pathogen and to the PgtZ1 (TKSTF) and PgtF18.6 fungus isolates in laboratory conditions (TKSTF + Sr33). The presence of the studied Sr-genes was confirmed by using molecular markers. Prebreeding studies were conducted during 2018–2020 vegetation periods. Under the natural epiphytotics of the pathogen and in the laboratory conditions, the Sr22+Sr25 combination was highly effective, while Sr35+Sr25 was ineffective. For grain yield, the lines with the Sr22+Sr25 and Sr35+Sr25 genes were superior to the recipient cultivar L503 in one year (Sr22+Sr25 in 2019; Sr35+Sr25 in 2018), with a decrease in 2020, but in general there were no differences. For the period 2018–2020, both combinations showed a decrease in 1000 grains weight and an increase in the germination-earing period. The line with Sr22+Sr25 genes showed insignificant effects on gluten and dough tenacity, but the ratio of dough tenacity to extensibility was higher, and flour strength, porosity and bread volume were lower; in the line with Sr35+Sr25 genes, the gluten content was lower, but the strength, tenacity of the dough and the ratio of dough tenacity to extensibility were higher, flour strength and the porosity of the bread were at the recipient level, but the volume of bread was lower.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.