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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ21.098</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3203</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНЕТИКА ЧЕЛОВЕКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HUMAN GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Распространенность полиморфных вариантов генов H-фиколина (FCN3) и маннозосвязывающей лектинассоциированной сериновой протеазы-2 (MASP2) у коренных популяций российских Арктических территорий</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prevalence of the polymorphic H-ficolin (FCN3) genes and mannosebinding lectin-associated serine protease-2 (MASP2) in indigenous populations from the Russian Arctic regions</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9984-2029</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смольникова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolnikova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красноярск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk, Russia</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">smarinv@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1605-7859</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Терещенко</surname><given-names>С. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tereshchenko</surname><given-names>S. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Красноярск, Россия</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoyarsk, Russia</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Научно-исследовательский институт медицинских проблем Севера – обособленное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра «Красноярский научный центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Scientific Research Institute of Medical Problems of the North – a separate division of the Federal Research Center “Krasnoyarsk Science Center” of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>01</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>847</fpage><lpage>854</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смольникова М.В., Терещенко С.Ю., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смольникова М.В., Терещенко С.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smolnikova M.V., Tereshchenko S.Y.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3203">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3203</self-uri><abstract><p>Лектины – основные протеины лектинового пути активации системы комплемента, кодируются полиморфными генами, точечные мутации в которых приводят к изменению конформации и экспрессии белка, что в свою очередь отражается на функциональности и способности отвечать на патоген. В настоящем исследовании впервые получены масштабные данные о популяционном распределении частот аллелей генов Н-фиколина FCN3 rs28357092 и маннозосвязывающей лектин-ассоциированной сериновой протеазы-2 MASP2 rs72550870 среди коренных народностей российских Арктических территорий (ненцы, долганы, нганасаны, смешанная популяция и русские: общая выборка составила около 1000 новорожденных). Генотипирование осуществлено с использованием ПЦР-РВ. Нами выявлена частота гомозиготного варианта del/del FCN3 rs28357092, ассоциированного с полным отсутствием наиболее мощного активатора лектинового пути комплемента Н-фиколина: у ненцев 0 %, у долган-нганасан 0.8 %, в то время как среди европеоидов 3.5 % (р &lt; 0.01). Анализ распространенности генотипов MASP2 показал преобладание гомозиготного варианта AA во всех исследованных популяциях, что согласуется с доступными мировыми данными. Гетерозиготный генотип AG rs72550870, ассоциированный со сниженным уровнем протеазы, встречается в единичных случаях у ненцев, долган и нганасан по сравнению с новорожденными европеоидного происхождения г. Красноярска: 0.5 и 3.3 % соответственно. Причем у ненцев был выявлен один носитель AG из 323 обследованных, тогда как у европеоидов – 16 из 242 обследованных новорожденных (р &lt; 0.001). Гомозиготный вариант GG, которому сопутствует полное отсутствие протеазы с нарушением связывания MBL и фиколинов, не обнаружен ни у одного из 980 обследованных новорожденных. Дополнительный анализ инфекционной заболеваемости в арктических популяциях позволит выявить фенотипические характеристики, сопряженные с высокой функциональной активностью лектинового пути активации комплемента в роли важнейшего фактора первой линии противоинфекционной защиты, в том числе в отношении новых вирусных заболеваний, таких как COVID-19.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Lectins, being the main proteins of the lectin pathway activating the complement system, are encoded by polymorphic genes, wherein point mutations cause the protein conformation and expression to change, which turns out to have an effect on the functionality and ability to respond to the pathogen. In the current study, largescale data on the population genotype distribution of the genes for H-ficolin FCN3 rs28357092 and mannose-binding lectin-associated serine protease MASP2 rs72550870 among the indigenous peoples of the Russian Arctic regions (Nenets, Dolgans and Nganasans, a mixed population and Russians: a total sample was about 1000 newborns) have been obtained for the first time. Genotyping was carried out using RT-PCR. The frequency of the homozygous variant del/del FCN3 rs28357092 associated with the total absence of the most powerful activator of the lectin complement pathway, N-ficolin, was revealed; 0 % in the Nenets, 0.8 % in the Dolgans and Nganasans, and 3.5 % among the Russians ( p &lt; 0.01). Analysis of the prevalence of the MASP2 genotypes has shown the predominance of the homozygous variant AA in all studied populations, which agrees with the available world data. The heterozygous genotype AG rs72550870 associated with a reduced level of protease was found to occur rarely in the Nenets, Dolgans and Nganasans compared to newborns of Caucasoid origin from Krasnoyarsk: 0.5 % versus 3.3 %, respectively. Moreover, among 323 examined Nenets, one AG carrier was identified, whereas in Russians, 16 out of 242 examined newborns were found to be AG carriers ( p &lt; 0.001). A homozygous variant (GG) in total absence of protease with impaired binding of both MBL and ficolins was not detected in any of the 980 examined newborns. An additional analysis of infectious morbidity in Arctic populations allows one to find phenotypic characteristics related to a high functional activity of the lectin pathway of complement activation as an most important factor for the first-line of anti-infectious defense, including such new viral diseases as COVID-19.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>FCN3</kwd><kwd>MASP2</kwd><kwd>полиморфизм генов</kwd><kwd>новорожденные</kwd><kwd>Россия</kwd><kwd>арктические популяции</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>FCN3</kwd><kwd>MASP2</kwd><kwd>gene polymorphism</kwd><kwd>newborns</kwd><kwd>Russia</kwd><kwd>Arctic populations</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Akaiwa M., Yae Y., Sugimoto R., Suzuki S.O., Iwaki T., Izuhara K., Hamasaki N. 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