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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJGB-22-11</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3258</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА, НЕЙРОГЕНЕТИКА, ИММУНОГЕНЕТИКА, БИОМЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POPULATION GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Разграничение видов и анализ криптического разнообразия микроводорослей рода Micractinium (Chlorophyta)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Species delimitation and microalgal cryptic diversity analysis of the genus Micractinium (Chlorophyta)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0849-5832</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривина</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krivina</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пущино, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pushchino, Moscow region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pepelisa@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3445-0507</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Темралеева</surname><given-names>А. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Temraleeva</surname><given-names>A. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пущино, Московская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pushchino, Moscow region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4534-3846</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Букин</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bukin</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Иркутск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irkutsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр «Пущинский научный центр биологических исследований Российской академии наук»<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Center “Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences”<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Лимнологический институт Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Limnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>03</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>74</fpage><lpage>85</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Кривина Е.С., Темралеева А.Д., Букин Ю.С., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Кривина Е.С., Темралеева А.Д., Букин Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krivina E.S., Temraleeva A.D., Bukin Y.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3258">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3258</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье рассматривается система зеленых микроводорослей рода Micractinium, построенная на основании морфологических, физиологических, экологических и молекулярно-генетических данных. Обсуждаются главные диагностические признаки видов, а также систематическое положение некоторых таксонов. Филогенетический анализ показал, что род Micractinium характеризуется достаточно высоким криптическим разнообразием. Используемые алгоритмы разграничения видов имели различные результаты по количеству выделенных кластеров потенциально видового уровня. Метод ABGD, основанный на дистанциях, является менее «чувствительным». Алгоритмы GMYC и PTP, анализирующие топологию филогенетического дерева, более реалистично отражают систематику рода Micractinium и служат эффективными вспомогательными инструментами для разграничения видов. Кластеризация, полученная двумя последними методами, хорошо согласуется с морфологическими (размеры и форма клеток, способность формировать колонии, продуцирование щетинок, тип хлоропласта), физиологическими (потребность в витаминах, реакция на воздействие высоких и низких температур), молекулярно-генетическими (наличие интронов и их длина, уровень генетических различий, наличие компенсаторных замен (СВС) или характерных особенностей вторичной структуры в ITS1 и ITS2) и экологическими признаками (среда обитания). Показана полифилетичность типового вида рода M. pusillum, а также M. belenophorum. Интрон был эффективен как вспомогательный инструмент для разграничения видов, однако результаты анализа интронов необходимо учитывать в совокупности с другими признаками. Применение СВС-подхода, базирующегося на поиске компенсаторных замен в консервативных регионах ITS2, было успешным только для отграничения криптических видов от «истинных» представителей M. pusillum. При разграничении видов эффективнее учитывать все СВС в ITS1 и ITS2 и анализировать характерные структурные различия (молекулярные подписи) во вторичной структуре внутренних транскрибируемых спейсеров. Анализ генетических дистанций нуклеотидных последовательностей 18S–ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 показал, что внутривидовые различия у представителей рода колебались в пределах 0−0.5 %, межвидовые – 0.6–4.7 %. Благодаря полифазному подходу удалось охарактеризовать 29 кластеров и филогенетических линий видового уровня в рамках рода Micractinium и выдвинуть предположения о видах внутри выделенных групп.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this article, the system of the green microalgal genus Micractinium, based on morphological, physiological, ecological and molecular data, is considered. The main diagnostic species characteristics and the taxonomic placement of some taxa are also discussed. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the genus Micractinium is characterized by high cryptic diversity. The algorithms used for species delimitation had different results on the number of potentially species-level clusters allocated. The ABGD method was less “sensitive”. The tree-based approaches GMYC and PTP showed a more feasible taxonomy of the genus Micractinium, being an effective additional tool for distinguishing species. The clustering obtained by the latter two methods is in good congruence with morphological (cell size and shape, ability to form colonies, production of bristles, chloroplast type), physiological (vitamin requirements, reaction to high and low temperatures), molecular (presence of introns, level of genetic differences, presence of CBCs or special features of the secondary structure in ITS1 and ITS2) and ecological characteristics (habitat). The polyphyly of the holotype of the genus M. pusillum as well as M. belenophorum is shown. The intron was effective as an additional tool for distinguishing species, and the results of the intron analysis should be taken into account together with other characteristics. The CBC approach, based on the search for compensatory base changes in conservative ITS2 regions, was successful only for distinguishing cryptic species from “true” members of M. pusillum. Therefore, to distinguish species, it is more effective to take into account all the CBC in ITS1 and ITS2 and analyze characteristic structural differences (molecular signatures) in the secondary structure of internal transcribed spacers. The genetic distances analysis of 18S–ITS1–5.8S–ITS2 nucleotide sequences showed that intraspecific differences in the genus ranged from 0 to 0.5 % and interspecific differences, from 0.6 to 4.7 %. Due to the polyphasic approach, it was possible to characterize 29 clusters and phylogenetic lines at the species level within the genus Micractinium and to make assumptions about the species.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>зеленые микроводоросли</kwd><kwd>ABGD</kwd><kwd>GMYC</kwd><kwd>PTP</kwd><kwd>морфология</kwd><kwd>экология</kwd><kwd>филогения</kwd><kwd>фрагмент 18S−ITS1−5.8S−ITS2</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>green microalgae</kwd><kwd>ABGD</kwd><kwd>GMYC</kwd><kwd>PTP</kwd><kwd>species delimitation</kwd><kwd>morphology</kwd><kwd>ecology</kwd><kwd>phylogeny</kwd><kwd>18S−ITS1− 5.8S–ITS2 fragment</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>The ACSSI strains сultivation, microscopy and literature analysis were carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), project number 19-34-60002, molecular phylogenetic work was carried out with the support of the Russian Science Foundation, project number 19-74-00030.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Adar O., Kaplan-Levy R.N., Banet G. 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