vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJGB-22-42vavilov-3384Research ArticleГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКАPLANT GENETICS AND BREEDINGИзучение генетического полиморфизма российских сортов рапса и сурепицы с использованием SSR- и SRAP-маркеровInvestigation of genetic polymorphism of Russian rape and turnip rape varieties using SSR and SRAP markershttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1850-3859КлименкоИ. А.KlimenkoI. A.

г. Лобня, Московская область

Lobnya, Moscow region

iaklimenko@mail.ruВоловикВ. Т.VolovikV. T.

г. Лобня, Московская область

Lobnya, Moscow region

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7684-0503АнтоновА. А.AntonovA. A.

г. Лобня, Московская область

Lobnya, Moscow region

ДушкинВ. А.DushkinV. A.

г. Лобня, Московская область

Lobnya, Moscow region

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3535-3108ШамустакимоваА. О.ShamustakimovaA. O.

г. Лобня, Московская область

Lobnya, Moscow region

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5695-6242МавлютовЮ. М.MavlyutovYu. M.

г. Лобня, Московская область

Lobnya, Moscow region

Федеральный научный центр кормопроизводства и агроэкологии им. В.Р. ВильямсаРоссияFederal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and AgroecologyRussian Federation202207072022264349358Copyright © Клименко И.А., Воловик В.Т., Антонов А.А., Душкин В.А., Шамустакимова А.О., Мавлютов Ю.М., 20222022Клименко И.А., Воловик В.Т., Антонов А.А., Душкин В.А., Шамустакимова А.О., Мавлютов Ю.М.Klimenko I.A., Volovik V.T., Antonov A.A., Dushkin V.A., Shamustakimova A.O., Mavlyutov Y.M.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3384

Рапс (Brassica napus L.) и сурепица (B. rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.)) – важные сельскохозяйственные культуры, широко используются для продовольственных, кормовых и технических целей, а также в качестве сидератов. За последние десятилетия создано большое количество перспективных сортов, культивируемых практически во всех регионах России. Для повышения эффективности селекционного процесса и успешного развития семеноводства необходимо внедрять современные молекулярно-генетические методы оценки видового и сортового разнообразия. Цель настоящей работы заключалась в изучении ДНК-полиморфизма сортов рапса и сурепицы селекции Федерального научного центра кормопроизводства и агроэкологии им. В.Р. Вильямса и выявлении информативных маркеров для сортовой идентификации и генетической паспортизации. Для генотипирования 18 образцов геномной ДНК использовали 42 и 25 комбинаций SSR- и SRAP-праймеров соответственно. Результаты показали, что маркеры SRAP более эффективны для анализа полиморфизма изучаемого материала: 36 % от общего числа испытанных маркеров демонстрировали генетический полиморфизм, тогда как для микросателлитных локусов этот показатель равнялся 16.7 %. Определены молекулярные маркеры для выявления различий на межвидовом и межсортовом уровнях. Информативными для исследуемой выборки сортов оказались микросателлитные локусы Na12A02, Ni2C12, Ni02-D08a, Ra02-E01, Ni03H07а и комбинации SRAP-маркеров F13-R9, Me4-R7, F11-Em2, F10-R7, F9-Em2 и F9-R8. Анализ сортового материала по двум системам маркирования показал более высокий уровень ДНК-полиморфизма у образцов растений разного типа развития (яровой/озимый) в сравнении с различиями между сортами в пределах вида или группы. Согласно индексам генетического разнообразия Нея, в кластере сортов озимого рапса наибольшей генетической удаленностью выделялись ВИК 2 и Горизонт, среди яровых – Новосёл и Велес. Высокий уровень сходства обнаружен между яровыми сортами рапса Викрос и Бизон. Полученная информация имеет практическое значение для контроля сортовой принадлежности и генетической паспортизации семенного материала сортов рапса и сурепицы.

Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) and turnip rape (B. rapa L. subsp. campestris (L.)) are important agricultural plants widely used for food, fodder and technical purposes and as green manure. Over the past decades, a large number of perspective varieties that are being currently cultivated in every region of Russia have been developed. To increase the breeding efficiency and facilitate the seed production, modern molecular-genetic techniques should be introduced as means to estimate species and varietal diversity. The objective of the presented research study was to investigate DNA polymorphism of the rapeseed and turnip rape varieties developed at Federal Williams Research Center of Forage Production and Agroecology and detect informative markers for varietal identification and genetic certification. To genotype 18 gDNA samples, 42 and 25 combinations of respective SSR and SRAP primers were used. The results obtained demonstrate that SRAP markers were more effective for polymorphism analysis: 36 % of the tested markers revealed genetic polymorphism compared with only 16.7 % of microsatellite loci. Molecular markers to detect differences at interspecific and intervarietal levels have also been found. For the investigated set, such microsatellite loci as Na12A02, Ni2C12, Ni02-D08a, Ra02-E01, Ni03H07а and SRAP-marker combinations as F13-R9, Me4-R7, F11-Em2, F10-R7, F9-Em2 and F9-R8 proved to be informative. Application of the two marker techniques made it possible to detect a higher level of DNA polymorphism in plants of different types (spring and winter varieties) if compared against the intervarietal differences within a species or a group. According to Nei’s genetic diversity index, in the cluster of winter rapeseed, VIK 2 and Gorizont varieties had the longest genetic distance, and in the spring cluster, these were Novosel and Veles. A high level of similarity was found between Vikros and Bizon winter rapeseed varieties. The results obtained have a high practical value for varietal specification of seed material and genetic certification of rapeseed and turnip rape varieties.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.