vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJGB-22-55vavilov-3437Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛЫ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ «МЕХАНИЗМЫ АДАПТАЦИИ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ», ИРКУТСКСелективное культивирование бактериальных штаммов с липолитической и нефтеокисляющей активностью из донных осадков реки Оби в Западной СибириSelective cultivation of bacterial strains with lipolytic and hydrocarbon-oxidizing activity from bottom sediments of the Ob River, Western Siberiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2945-2364ГерасимчукА. Л.GerasimchukA. I.

Томск

Tomsk

gerasimchuk_ann@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-7132-182XИвасенкоД. А.IvasenkoD. A.

Томск

Tomsk

КасымоваА. А.KasymovaA. A.

Томск

Tomsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6347-4009ФранкЮ. А.FrankYu. A.

Томск

Tomsk

Национальный исследовательский Томский государственный университетРоссияTomsk State UniversityRussian FederationНациональный исследовательский Томский государственный университет; ООО «Дарвин»РоссияTomsk State University; Darvin LLCRussian Federation202203092022265449457Copyright © Герасимчук А.Л., Ивасенко Д.А., Касымова А.А., Франк Ю.А., 20222022Герасимчук А.Л., Ивасенко Д.А., Касымова А.А., Франк Ю.А.Gerasimchuk A.I., Ivasenko D.A., Kasymova A.A., Frank Y.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3437

Бактерии играют ключевую роль в биогеохимических циклах природных и антропогенных экосистем. В речных экосистемах бактерии, как правило, интенсивно заселяют илистые отложения. Микроорганизмы имеют важное значение в преобразовании энергии и биотрансформации органических веществ. В связи с этим донные отложения, богатые органикой, могут являться источником выделения метаболически разнообразных микроорганизмов, в том числе перспективных для промышленных биотехнологий. Целью данного исследования было выделение и изучение чистых культур микроорганизмов – продуцентов промышленно значимых ферментов и деструкторов органических веществ из донных осадков р. Оби. В качестве субстратов для выделения накопительных и чистых культур использовали свиной жир и дизельное топливо для селективного культивирования бактерий с липолитической и углеводородокисляющей активностью. Всего получена 21 чистая культура. Филогенетическое положение бактериальных изолятов определено на основе анализа последовательностей генов 16S рРНК. Выделенные на селективных средах штаммы оказались представителями родов Pseudomonas и Aeromonas класса Gammaproteobacteria и рода Microvirgula класса Betaproteobacteria. Изучена способность штаммов к росту на плотных питательных средах со свиным жиром, оливковым маслом и дизельным топливом. Липолитическая активность штаммов подтверждена культивированием на диагностической среде с трибутирином. Обнаруженное в ходе исследований филогенетическое и метаболическое разнообразие культивируемых непатогенных бактериальных штаммов с липолитической и нефтеокисляющей активностью указывает на биотехнологический потенциал выделенных нами изолятов. Наиболее перспективными оказались штаммы M. aerodenitrificans sp. LM1 и P. lini sp. KGS5K3, которые не только проявили липолитическую активность на диагностической среде с трибутирином в широком диапазоне температур, но и утилизировали такие сложные органические субстраты, как дизельное топливо, свиной жир и оливковое масло.

Bacteria play a key role in biogeochemical cycles in natural and anthropogenic ecosystems. In river ecosystems, bacteria intensively colonize silt sediments. Microorganisms are essential for energy conversion, biogeochemical nutrient cycling, pollutant degradation, and biotransformation of organic matter; therefore, bottom sediments can be a source of metabolically diverse microorganisms, including those with promise for industrial biotechnologies. The aim of this work was to isolate and study pure cultures of microorganisms – producers of industrially important enzymes and decomposers of organic matter – from bottom sediments of the Ob River. Pork fat and diesel fuel were used as substrates to obtain enrichment and pure cultures for selective cultivation of bacteria with lipolytic and hydrocarbon-oxidizing activity. A total of 21 pure cultures were isolated. The phylogenetic position of the obtained bacterial isolates was determined based on the analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences. The strains isolated on selective media belonged to representatives of the genera Pseudomonas and Aeromonas (Gammaproteobacteria), and the genus Microvirgula (Betaproteobacteria). The ability of strains to grow on culture media containing pork fat, olive oil and diesel fuel was analyzed. The lipolytic activity of the isolates was evidenced by cultivation on a diagnostic medium containing 1 % tributyrin. The phylogenetic and metabolic diversity of the cultivated non-pathogenic bacterial strains with lipolytic and oil-oxidizing activity revealed in the study indicates the biotechnological potential of the isolates. The most promising strains were M. aerodenitrificans sp. LM1 and P. lini sp. KGS5K3, which not only exhibited lipolytic activity on the diagnostic medium with tributyrin in a wide temperature range, but also utilized diesel fuel, pork fat and olive oil.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.