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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJGB-22-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3441</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МАТЕРИАЛЫ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ «МЕХАНИЗМЫ АДАПТАЦИИ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ», ИРКУТСК</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патогенный потенциал интестинальных штаммов Escherichia coli, выделенных от здоровых коров и телят в хозяйствах Пермского края</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Virulence potential of faecal Escherichia coli strains isolated from healthy cows and calves on farms in Perm Krai</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4264-8177</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайловская</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mihailovskaya</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Perm</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ремезовская</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Remezovskaya</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Perm</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0260-6917</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жданова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhdanova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лобаново, Пермский край</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lobanovo, Perm Krai</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0200-573X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Старчич Эрьявец</surname><given-names>М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Starčič Erjavec</surname><given-names>M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Любляна</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ljubljana</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2448-4823</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кузнецова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kuznetsova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пермь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Perm</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mar19719@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт экологии и генетики микроорганизмов Уральского отделения Российской академии наук – филиал Пермского федерального исследовательского центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук,<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms Ural Branch Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Пермский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства – филиал Пермского федерального исследовательского центра Уральского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Perm Agricultural Research Institute<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Университет Любляны, Биотехнологический факультет<country>Словения</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty<country>Slovenia</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>09</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>26</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>486</fpage><lpage>494</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Михайловская В.С., Ремезовская Н.Б., Жданова И.Н., Старчич Эрьявец М., Кузнецова М.В., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Михайловская В.С., Ремезовская Н.Б., Жданова И.Н., Старчич Эрьявец М., Кузнецова М.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Mihailovskaya V.S., Remezovskaya N.B., Zhdanova I.N., Starčič Erjavec M., Kuznetsova M.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3441">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3441</self-uri><abstract><p>Крупный рогатый скот является резервуаром патогенных и потенциально патогенных Escherichia coli (E. coli), которые могут представлять угрозу для здоровья людей и животных. Цель исследования – оценить встречаемость 22 вирулент-ассоциированных генов, а также распространенность антибиотикоустойчивости и трех генов bla различных типов среди штаммов E. coli, выделенных от здорового крупного рогатого скота. Сорок девять штаммов E. coli были проанализированы методом ПЦР на присутствие генов, распространенных среди представителей диареегенной E. coli (DEC) и внекишечной патогенной E. coli (ExPEC). Обнаружены следующие детерминанты, ассоциированные с DEC: east1 – 24.5 %, estI – 10.2 %, ehxA – 8.2 %, stx2 – 6.1 %, eltA – 4.1 %, estII и stx1 – 2.0 %. Распространенность генов ExPEC составила: fimH – 91.8 %, afa/draBC – 61.2 %, iutА – 44.9 %, flu – 32.7 %, sfaDE и hlyF – 30.6 %, iroN – 22.4 %, ompT и papC – 20.4 %, kpsMTII и hlyA – 18.4 %, iss – 14.3 %, usp – 2.0 %, cnf1 и iha не детектированы. На основании установленных комбинаций генов были определены «классические», гетеропатогенные и гибридные штаммы. Эшерихии, выделенные от коров, обладали более высоким диареегенным потенциалом, а E. coli, изолированные от телят, чаще содержали гены, ассоциированные с патотипом ExPEC. Среди исследованных штаммов были устойчивыми: к ампициллину – 77.6 % культур, тетрациклину – 49.0 %, хлорамфениколу – 20.4 %, цефоперазону, цефтриаксону, азтреонаму – 16.3 %, цефепиму – 14.3 %, норфлоксацину и ципрофлоксацину – 10.2 %, левофлоксацину – 6.1 %, гентамицину – 2.0 %, все штаммы были чувствительны к меропенему и амикацину. Фенотип множественной лекарственной устойчивости имели 32.7 % культур, так как они были устойчивы к трем и более группам антибиотиков. Специфическая амплификация выявлена: к blaTEM – у 100 % штаммов, к blaSHV – у 31.6 %, к blaCTX-M – у 26.3 % штаммов, устойчивых хотя бы к одному препарату из группы бета-лактамных антибиотиков. Штаммы E. coli, изолированные от здоровых коров и телят, обладали высоким гетеропатогенным потенциалом, поэтому молекулярно-генетическая характеристика этих бактерий должна стать важной частью эпизоотического мониторинга.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Cattle are a reservoir of pathogenic and potentially pathogenic Escherichia coli (E. coli) strains, which can pose a threat to human and animal health. The aim of the study was to evaluate the occurrence of 22 virulence-associated genes (VAGs), as well as the prevalence of antimicrobial drug resistance and three different bla-genes among 49 E. coli strains isolated from healthy cattle. The presence of VAGs that are common among diarrheagenic E. coli (DEC) strains and/or extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains was determined by amplifying specific gene sequences by PCR. The following VAGs associated with DEC were found: east1 in 24.5 % of the studied E. coli strains, estI in 10.2 %, ehxA in 8.2 %, stx2 in 6.1 %, eltA in 4.1 %, estII and stx1 in 2.0 % of the studied strains. The prevalence of ExPEC VAGs was: fimH – 91.8 %, afa/draBC – 61.2 %, iutA – 44.9 %, flu – 32.7 %, sfaDE and hlyF – 30.6 %, iroN – 22.4 %, ompT and papC – 20.4 %, kpsMTII and hlyA – 18.4 %, iss – 14.3 %, usp – 2.0 %, cnf1 and iha were not detected among the studied strains. Based on the found co-occurrence of VAGs “classical”, hetero-pathogenic and hybrid-pathogenic E. coli strains were found. E. coli strains isolated from cows had a higher diarrheagenic potential, whereas E. coli strains isolated from calves more frequently contained genes associated with the ExPEC pathotype. Among the studied E. coli strains, 77.6 % were resistant to ampicillin, 49.0 % to tetracycline, 20.4 % to chloramphenicol, 16.3 % to cefoperazone, 16.3 % to ceftriaxone, 16.3 % to aztreonam, 14.3 % to cefepime, 10.2 % to norfloxacin, 10.2 % to ciprofloxacin, 6.1 % to levofloxacin and 2.0 % to gentamicin. All strains were sensitive to meropenem and amikacin. 32.7 % of the studied E. coli strains were found to be multidrug resistant, as they were resistant to at least three groups of antibiotics. With PCR, the blaTEM, blaSHV, and blaCTX-M genes were detected in 100, 31.6, and 26.3 %, respectively, of strains resistant to at least one of the beta-lactam antibiotics. Thus, it was shown that the studied faecal E. coli of healthy cows and calves had a high hetero-pathogenic potential, therefore in the future molecular genetic characterization of these bacteria shall be an important part of the epizootic monitoring.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>гены</kwd><kwd>ассоциированные с вирулентностью</kwd><kwd>устойчивость к антибиотикам</kwd><kwd>крупный рогатый скот</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Escherichia coli</kwd><kwd>virulence-associated genes (VAGs)</kwd><kwd>antibiotic resistance</kwd><kwd>cattle</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was carried out with the support of the Perm Krai Government by project No. C-26/541 and the state assignment АААА-А19-119112290009-1</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ahmed A.M., Motoi Y., Sato M., Maruyama A., Watanabe H., Fukumoto Y., Shimamoto T. 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