vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RASvavilov-35Research ArticleСтатьиArticlesDELLA-МУТАЦИИ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПШЕНИЦЫDELLA MUTATIONS IN PLANTS WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON WHEATЧеботарьГ. А.ChebotarG. A.gchebotar@rambler.ruЧеботарьС. В.ChebotarS. V.gchebotar@rambler.ruСиволапЮ. М.SivolapYu. M.gchebotar@rambler.ruЮжный биотехнологический центр в растениеводстве НААН, ОдессаУкраинаSouth Plant Biotechnology Center NAASU, OdessaUkraine201210122014161170177Copyright © Чеботарь Г.А., Чеботарь С.В., Сиволап Ю.М., 20142014Чеботарь Г.А., Чеботарь С.В., Сиволап Ю.М.Chebotar G.A., Chebotar S.V., Sivolap Y.M.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/35

Репрессоры роста растений DELLA относятся к семейству белков-регуляторов транскрипции GRAS. Гиббереллины способствуют преодолению ограничения роста растений, обусловленного влиянием DELLA. Мутации в высококонсервативных генах, кодирующих DELLA, были описаны у разных видов растений. Эти мутации приводят к снижению высоты растений за счет образования более активных форм репрессоров роста. Цель настоящего исследования состояла в оценке генетического сходства нуклеотидных и аминокислотных последовательностей DELLA, представленных в базах данных, и определении аллелей, кодирующих DELLA у современных украинских сортов озимой мягкой пшеницы. С помощью программного обеспечения BLAST и MUSCLE, были проведены поиск  и сравнительный анализ последовательностей гена Rht-D1 и генов других растений, кодирующих DELLA. При использовании программы MEGA v5 была построена дендрограмма, иллюстрирующая сходство аминокислотных последовательностей DELLA у 35 видов растений. ПЦР-идентификация аллелей Rht-B1 и Rht-D1 генов короткостебельности пшеницы в сортах из разных регионов Украины показала, что наиболее часто в изученной коллекции встречается мутантный аллель Rht-D1b (68 %), причем распределение частот его встречаемости неоднородно на территории Украины.

DELLA proteins are a subfamily of transcriptional regulators from the GRAS protein family. They act as growth repressors. Gibberellins (GA) promote growth by overcoming the DELLA-mediated growth restraint. A number of dominant mutations in highly conserved orthologous DELLA genes are known in various plant species. These mutations reduce plant height owing to production of more active forms of growth repressors. The aim of the current study is to estimate the genetic similarity of DELLA nucleotide and amino acid sequences stored in GenBank and to identify mutant and wild type alleles that encode DELLAs in modern Ukrainian winter bread wheat varieties. We have performed nucleotide and amino acid sequence search and alignment of the Rht-D1 wheat dwarfing gene and DELLA-encoding genes of other plant species with BLAST and MUSCLE software. A dendrogram illustrating phylogenetic relations among DELLA sequences of 35 plant species has been constructed using MEGA v5. In addition, PCR-based genotyping for the major wheat dwarfing genes Rht-B1 and Rht-D1 has been performed in wheat cultivars from different regions of Ukraine. It is shown that the mutant Rht-D1b allele is the commonest dwarfing allele among those tested in Ukrainian wheat cultivars (68 %), but its distribution over Ukraine is not random.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.