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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ15.016</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-355</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА, НЕЙРОГЕНЕТИКА, ИММУНОГЕНЕТИКА, БИОМЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POPULATION GENETICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Некоторые ограничения использования гена cytb митохондриальной ДНК как молекулярного маркера для филогенетических и популяционно- генетических исследований на примере рода Apodemus</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Some limitations in the use of the mitochondrial DNA cytb gene as a molecular marker for phylogenetic and population genetic studies by the example of the Apodemus genus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лапинский</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lapinski</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">agl@ibpn.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Павленко</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pavlenko</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Соловенчук</surname><given-names>Л. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Solovenchuk</surname><given-names>L. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Горбачев</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorbachev</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт биологических проблем Севера Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of the Biological Problems of the North, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, Magadan, Russia;<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Биолого-почвенный институт Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук, Владивосток, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Far Eastern Branch of the RAS, Vladivostok, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>07</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>128</fpage><lpage>135</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лапинский А.Г., Павленко М.В., Соловенчук Л.Л., Горбачев В.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лапинский А.Г., Павленко М.В., Соловенчук Л.Л., Горбачев В.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lapinski A.G., Pavlenko M.V., Solovenchuk L.L., Gorbachev V.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/355">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/355</self-uri><abstract><p>Интерпретация сигнала гена cytb мтДНК как молекулярного маркера в филогенетических и популяционно-генетических исследованиях может быть осложнена суммарным влиянием параллельных мутаций (энтропией нуклеотидных последовательностей), которые не позволяют в конечном итоге произвести дифференциацию эффектов гибридизации, естественного полиморфизма и артефактов, вносимых псевдогенами. Мы проанализировали возможные ограничения применения гена cytb мтДНК в качестве молекулярного маркера на примере некоторых представителей рода Apodemus, для чего были рассчитаны значения энтропии нуклеотидных последовательностей и выполнен поиск вероятных трактов генной конверсии для выборок разных видов из изолированного района Тибета, Кореи, юга Приморского края России и Западной Европы. Обнаружено значительное количество гаплотипов, содержащих мотивы, идентифицируемые как тракты генной конверсии. Выявлен высокий уровень изменчивости нуклеотидных последовательностей у видов с Тибетского нагорья, в наибольшей степени – у A. draco. Причинами этого явления могут быть влияние низкой эффективной численности на скорость накопления точечных мутаций, а также роль цитохрома b в процессах адаптации к неблагоприятным условиям среды. Рассмотрены эффекты гипервариабельности нуклеотидной последовательности гена cytb в некоторых выборках, ведущие к росту энтропии информационного сигнала этого молекулярного маркера, что может имитировать явления генной конверсии при сопоставлении с другими выборками представителей данного рода. Также приведены примеры вероятного присутствия в опубликованных нуклеотидных последовательностях продуктов секвенирования соответствующих псевдогенов. Высказано предположение, что стратегия использования гена cytb в популяционно- генетических и филогенетических исследованиях может различаться в зависимости от степени его вариабельности. Отмечена необходимость тщательного контроля за первичными данными на всех этапах работы с ними. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The interpretation of a signal sent by the mtDNA cytb gene as a molecular marker in phylogenetic and population genetic research can be complicated by cumulative influence of parallel mutations, i.e., the entropy of nucleotide sequences. Such a phenomenon impedes differentiation among the effects of hybridization, natural polymorphisms, and artifacts imposed by pseudogenes. We analyzed possible limitations in the use of the mtDNA cytb gene as a molecular marker by the example of the Apodemus genus. For this purpose, the entropy of nucleotide sequences was calculated, and probable tracts of gene conversion were sought in samples of various Apodemus species from Tibet, Korea, south of Russian Primorye, and Western Europe. Many haplotypes were identified as containing tracts of gene conversion. The high level of nucleotide sequence variability was found in species from Tibet, particularly, in A. draco, presumably due to the influence of low effective sizes of populations on the speed of point mutation accumulation and also cytochrome b role in the adaptation to unfavorable environment. The effects of hypervariability in cytb nucleotide sequences of some samplings resulting in entropy growth imitating gene conversion when compared to other species of the genus were analyzed. Examples of possible pseudogene interference among published cytb sequences are provided. It is suggested that the strategy in the use of the mtDNA cytb gene in population genetics and phylogenetics should be adapted to the degree of the gene variability. Emphasis is placed on the necessity of close control over sequencing data. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Apodemus</kwd><kwd>мтДНК</kwd><kwd>cytb</kwd><kwd>генная конверсия</kwd><kwd>энтропия</kwd><kwd>псевдоген</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Apodemus</kwd><kwd>mtDNA</kwd><kwd>cytb</kwd><kwd>gene conversion</kwd><kwd>entropy</kwd><kwd>pseudogene</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Абрамсон Н.И. Филогения: итоги, проблемы, перспективы. Информационный вестник ВОГиС. 2007;11(2):307-331.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Абрамсон Н.И. Филогения: итоги, проблемы, перспективы. Информационный вестник ВОГиС. 2007;11(2):307-331.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Гречко В.В. 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