vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJGB-23-36vavilov-3767Research ArticleГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКАPLANT GENETICS AND BREEDINGГенетический полиморфизм локусов высокомолекулярных субъединиц глютенина у сортообразцов мягкой пшеницы Предуральской степной зоныGenetic polymorphism of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit loci in bread wheat varieties in the Pre-Ural steppe zonehttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7068-3359ГалимоваА. А.GalimovaA. A.

Уфа; Санкт-Петербург

Ufa; St. Petersburg

aiz.galimova@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8563-1244КулуевА. Р.KuluevA. R.

Уфа

Ufa

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0212-116XИсмагиловК. Р.IsmagilovK. R.

Уфа

Ufa

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-164XКулуевБ. Р.KuluevB. R.

Уфа; Санкт-Петербург

Ufa; St. Petersburg

Институт биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наук; Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)РоссияInstitute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Federal Research Center the N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)Russian FederationИнститут биохимии и генетики – обособленное структурное подразделение Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Biochemistry and Genetics – Subdivision of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationБашкирский научно-исследовательский институт сельского хозяйства Уфимского федерального исследовательского центра Российской академии наукРоссияBashkir Research Institute of Agriculture of the Ufa Federal Research Centre of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202313072023274297305Copyright © Галимова А.А., Кулуев А.Р., Исмагилов К.Р., Кулуев Б.Р., 20232023Галимова А.А., Кулуев А.Р., Исмагилов К.Р., Кулуев Б.Р.Galimova A.A., Kuluev A.R., Ismagilov K.R., Kuluev B.R.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3767

Высокомолекулярные глютенины играют важную роль в обеспечении хлебопекарных качеств зерна мягкой пшеницы Triticum aestivum L. Однако селекция мягкой пшеницы по данному признаку весьма трудоемка, поэтому большой интерес представляет генотипирование сортообразцов по аллельному составу генов высокомолекулярных глютенинов. Цель исследования состояла в определении состава субъединиц высокомолекулярных глютенинов на основе выявления аллельного состава генов Glu-1, а также в выявлении частоты встречаемости аллелей генов Glu-1 в сортообразцах мягкой пшеницы, находящихся в селекционной работе в Предуральской степной зоне (ПСЗ). Проанализированы 26 озимых и 22 яровых сортообразца мягкой пшеницы, находящихся в селекционной работе в ПСЗ, и 27 озимых и 20 яровых сортообразцов из коллекции ВИР. Анализ генотипов показал наличие 13 различных аллельных сочетаний генов Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 в сортообразцах ПСЗ и 19 сочетаний – в сортообразцах ВИР. Самым распространенным для яровых сортов и линий ПСЗ оказалось сочетание аллелей b b/al/с d (Ax2* Вх7+Ву8/8*/9 Dx5+Dy10), для озимых – a с d (Ax1 Вх7+Ву9 Dx5+Dy10). Среди яровых сортообразцов коллекции ВИР с равной частотой встречались генотипы b с a (Ax2* Вх7+Ву9 Dx2+Dy12) и b с d (Ax2* Вх7+Ву9 Dx5+Dy10); в группе озимых сортов ВИР преобладал генотип a b/al d (Ax1 Вх7+Ву8/8* Dx5+Dy10). Наиболее предпочтительное в целях хлебопечения сочетание аллелей выявлено у ярового сорта Екатерина и озимых сортов Тарасовская 97, Волжская С3, а также у линий к-58164, Л43510, Л43709, Л-67, Л-83, которые рекомендуются для дальнейших селекционных программ по улучшению и сохранению хлебопекарных качеств в условиях Предуральской степной зоны.

High-molecular-weight glutenins play an important role in providing high baking qualities of bread wheat grain. However, breeding bread wheat for this trait is very laborious and, therefore, the genotyping of variety samples according to the allelic composition of high-molecular-weight glutenin genes is of great interest. The aim of the study was to determine the composition of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits based on the identification of the allelic composition of the Glu-1 genes, as well as to identify the frequency of the Glu-1 alleles in bread wheat cultivars that are in breeding work under the conditions of the Pre-Ural steppe zone (PSZ). We analyzed 26 winter and 22 spring bread wheat varieties from the PSZ and 27 winter and 20 spring varieties from the VIR collection. Genotyping at the Glu-A1 locus showed that the Ax1 subunits are most common in winter varieties, while the predominance of the Ax2* subunits was typical of spring varieties and lines. In the Glu-B1 locus, the predominance of alleles associated with the production of the Bx7 and By9 subunits was revealed for both winter and spring varieties. In the case of the Glu-D1 gene, for all the wheat groups studied, the composition of the Dx5+Dy10 subunits was the most common: in 92.3 % of winter and 68.2 % of spring PSZ accessions and in 80 % of winter and 55 % of spring VIR accessions. The analysis of genotypes showed the presence of 13 different allelic combinations of the Glu-A1, Glu-B1, Glu-D1 genes in the PSZ varieties, and 19 combinations in the VIR varieties. The b b/al/с d allelic combination (Ax2* Вх7+Ву8/8*/9 Dx5+Dy10) turned out to be the most common for the PSZ spring varieties and lines, while for the PSZ winter accessions it was a с d (Ax1 Вх7+By9 Dx5+Dy10); the b с a and b с d genotypes (Ax2* Вх7+Ву9 Dx2+Dy12 and Ax2* Вх7+Ву9 Dx5+Dy10, respectively) occur with equal frequency among the VIR spring accessions; in the group of VIR winter varieties, the combination of the a b/   al d alleles (Ax1 Вх7+Ву8/8* Dx5+Dy10) prevails. The most preferred combination of alleles for baking qualities was found in the spring variety ‘Ekaterina’ and winter varieties ‘Tarasovskaya 97’, ‘Volzhskaya S3’, as well as in lines k-58164, L43510, L43709, L-67, L-83, which are recommended for further breeding programs to improve and preserve baking qualities in the conditions of the Pre-Ural steppe zone.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.