vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJGB-23-49vavilov-3785Research ArticleМЕДИЦИНСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА, НЕЙРОГЕНЕТИКА, ИММУНОГЕНЕТИКА, БИОМЕДИЦИНАPOPULATION GENETICSТаксономическая и экофизиологическая характеристика актинобактерий почв сухостепной зоны Селенгинского среднегорья (Западное Забайкалье)Taxonomic and ecophysiological characteristics of actinobacteria in soils of the dry steppe zone of the Selenga Highlands (Western Transbaikalia)https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2431-8999НикитинаЕ. П.NikitinaE. P.

Улан-Удэ

Ulan-Ude

lenauude@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2942-4037БуянтуеваЛ. Б.BuyantuevaL. B.

Улан-Удэ

Ulan-Ude

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6312-4076АбидуеваЕ. Ю.AbiduevaE. Yu.

Улан-Удэ

Ulan-Ude

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6813-8274СунЧ.-Х.SunC. H.

Пекин

Beijing

Байкальский институт природопользования Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Бурятский государственный университет им. Доржи БанзароваРоссияBaikal Institute of Nature Management of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Banzarov Buryat State UniversityRussian FederationБурятский государственный университет им. Доржи БанзароваРоссияBanzarov Buryat State UniversityRussian FederationИнститут общей и экспериментальной биологии Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of General and Experimental Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут медицинской биотехнологии Китайской академии медицинских наукКитайInstitute of Medicinal Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesChina202314072023274411420Copyright © Никитина Е.П., Буянтуева Л.Б., Абидуева Е.Ю., Сун Ч.H., 20232023Никитина Е.П., Буянтуева Л.Б., Абидуева Е.Ю., Сун Ч.Nikitina E.P., Buyantueva L.B., Abidueva E.Y., Sun C.H.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3785

Засушливые местообитания привлекают все больше внимания с точки зрения исследования биоразнообразия и обнаружения новых видов бактерий. Они являются одними из целевых экосистем для выделения новых штаммов актинобактерий, которые с большой вероятностью могут продуцировать новые метаболиты. В настоящей работе представлены результаты по выделению актинобактерий из почв сухостепной зоны Селенгинского среднегорья, их таксономическому разнообразию и эколого-трофическим свойствам. Численность бактерий на крахмало-аммиачной среде колебалась от 6.6 × 105 до 7.1 × 106 КОЕ/г. Максимальные значения численности были отмечены в подповерхностных и срединных горизонтах исследуемых почв. Получено 28 штаммов грамположительных бактерий, представленных тонким разветвленным мицелием, кокковидными и палочковидными формами. По результатам анализа последовательностей гена 16S рРНК выделенные культуры были отнесены к родам Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, Glycomyces, Kocuria, Microbacterium, Micromonospora, Nocardioides, Pseudarthrobacter и Rhodococcus филума Actinomycetota. Один изолят, показавший низкое сходство последовательности гена 16S рРНК с ранее выделенными и достоверно описанными видами, представлял собой новый вид рода Glycomyces. Все исследуемые штаммы мезофильны, предпочитают нейтральные или слабощелочные условия, имеют границы роста в диапазоне температур от 5 до 45 °С и значений рН от 6 до 9. Оптимальная концентрация NaCl для роста культур составляла от 0 до 1 %. Исследуемые штаммы были способны утилизировать в качестве источника углерода достаточно широкий спектр моно- и дисахаридов, многоатомных спиртов. В качестве источника азота выделенные культуры использовали как органические (белки и аминокислоты), так и неорганические (соли аммония и нитраты) соединения. Исследование наличия внеклеточных ферментов показало, что все культуры могли продуцировать каталазу и амилазу, 78.6 % от общего количества изолятов продуцировали протеазу и липазу, 53.6 % – целлюлазу, 28.6 % – уреазу. Полученные данные расширяют знания о разнообразии микробных сообществ почв Селенгинского среднегорья и подтверждают, что данные почвы представляют интерес с точки зрения поиска новых видов актинобактерий.

Arid habitats have recently attracted increasing attention in terms of biodiversity research and the disco very of new bacterial species. These habitats are among the target ecosystems suitable for isolating new strains of actinobacteria that are likely to produce new metabolites. This paper presents the results on the isolation of actinobacteria from soils of the dry steppe zone of the Selenga Highlands, the characterization of their taxonomic diversity, as well as ecological and trophic properties. The bacterial counts on ISP 4 medium ranged from 6.6 × 105 to 7.1 × 106 CFU/g. The highest bacterial counts were observed in the subsurface and middle horizons of the studied soils. 28 strains of Gram-positive bacteria represented by thin-branched mycelium, coccoid and bacilliform forms were isolated. According to the results of 16S rRNA gene analysis, the isolated strains were representatives of Streptomyces, Arthrobacter, Glycomyces, Kocuria, Microbacterium, Micromonospora, Nocardioides, Pseudarthrobacter, and Rhodococcus (Actinomycetota). One isolate that showed low 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity with previously isolated and validly described species was a new species of the genus Glycomyces. It was shown that all tested strains are mesophilic, prefer neutral or slightly alkaline conditions, have growth limits in the temperature range of 5–45 °C and pH 6–9. The optimal NaCl concentration for growth of most strains was 0–1 %. The strains under study were capable of utilizing a wide range of mono- and disaccharides and polyatomic alcohols as a carbon source. The isolated strains were capable of using both organic (proteins and amino acids) and inorganic (ammonium salts and nitrates) compounds as nitrogen sources. The examinations of extracellular enzymes showed that all isolates were capable of producing catalase and amylase; 78.6 % of the total number of isolates produced protease and lipase; 53.6 %, cellulase; and 28.6 %, urease. The data obtained expand current knowledge about the diversity of microbial communities in soils of the Selenga Highlands and also confirm the potential of searching for new actinobacteria species in these soils.  

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.