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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJGB-23-54</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3857</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СЕЛЕКЦИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ НА ИММУНИТЕТ И ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT BREEDING FOR IMMUNITY AND PERFORMANCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Устойчивость проростков и взрослых растений к бурой ржавчине у некоторых линий болгарской мягкой пшеницы</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Seedling and adult plant resistance to leaf rust in some Bulgarian common wheat lines</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3745-5001</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Генерал Тошево</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>General Toshevo</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vkiryakova@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сельскохозяйственная академия, Добруджанский сельскохозяйственный институт<country>Болгария</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Agricultural Academy, Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute<country>Bulgaria</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>08</day><month>09</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>447</fpage><lpage>453</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Иванова В., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Иванова В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ivanova V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3857">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3857</self-uri><abstract><p>Проверена реакция 250 селекционных линий мягкой озимой пшеницы на устойчивость к возбудителю Puccinia triticina в условиях инфекционного поля на территории Добруджанского сельскохозяйственного института (Генерал Тошево, Болгария) в течение трех сезонов. Отобрано 20 линий с разной степенью устойчивости в полевых условиях. Для изучения реакции этих линий на стадии проростков в тепличных условиях на отдельные патотипы Р. triticina использовали мультипатотипное тестирование. По реакции линий на стадии проростков и взрослых растений установлено, что 20 % из них обладают расоспецифической устойчивостью. Одна из линий (99/08-52) проявила полную устойчивость к патотипам, используемым в тепличных условиях. Ее реакция совпала с реакцией изогенных линий – носителей генов Lr9, Lr19, Lr22a, Lr22b и Lr25. Еще три линии (19/06-108, 82/08-43 и 82/08-35) показали резистентную реакцию на шесть или пять патотипов, использованных в исследовании. Их реакция частично совпала с реакцией пяти изогенных линий. Вероятно, некоторые из этих генов присутствуют у перечисленных выше линий. Линии-носители данного типа устойчивости подлежат дальнейшим генетико-селекционным исследованиям для подтверждения наличия расоспецифического гена. У 25 % линий частичная расоспецифическая устойчивость на стадии проростков сочеталась с устойчивостью расовой неспецифической природы на взрослой стадии. Из всех изученных линий 40 % обладали расовой неспецифической устойчивостью, а 15 % – устойчивостью типа slow rusting. По результатам наших исследований, линии, показавшие стабильную устойчивость к бурой ржавчине, могут быть включены в селекционные программы по созданию сортов, устойчивых к Р. triticina.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The response of 250 common winter wheat breeding lines was investigated for resistance to the causative agent of Puccinia triticina under conditions of an infected field on the territory of Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute – General Toshevo, Bulgaria, during three successive seasons. Twenty lines with different degrees of resistance under field conditions were selected. Multi-pathotype testing was used to study the response of these lines at seedling stage under greenhouse conditions to individual pathotypes of P. triticina. Based on the response of the lines at seedling and adult stages, we found out that 20 % of them carried race-specific resistance. One of the lines (99/08-52) reacted with full resistance to the pathotypes used under greenhouse conditions. The reaction demonstrated by this line coincided with the response of isogenic lines carrying the genes Lr9, Lr19, Lr22a, Lr22b and Lr25. The other three lines (19/06-108, 82/08-43 and 82/08-35) showed a resistant reaction to 6 or 5 of the pathotypes used in the study. Their response partially coincided with the reaction of 5 isogenic lines, and the presence of some of these genes in the above lines is quite possible. Lines carrying this type of resistance are to be subjected to further genetic and breeding investigations to prove the presence of a race-specific gene. Twenty-five percent of the lines combined partial race-specific resistance at seedling stage with the resistance of race non-specific nature at adult stage. Forty percent of all studied lines carried race non-specific resistance, and 15 % of the lines possessed resistance of the “slow rusting” type. As a result of the study we carried out, the lines that demonstrated stable resistance to leaf rust can provide sufficient protection of the host and can be included in the breeding programs for developing varieties resistant to P. triticina.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>патотипы</kwd><kwd>ювенильная и возрастная устойчивость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>Puccinia triticina</kwd><kwd>pathotypes</kwd><kwd>adult and juvenile resistance</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bariana H.S. Breeding for disease resistance. In: Thomas B., Murphy D.J., Murray B.G. (Eds.) Encyclopedia of Applied Plant Sciences. Harcourt, Acad. Press, 2003;244-253.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bariana H.S. Breeding for disease resistance. 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