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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJGB-23-69</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-3928</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ИММУНИТЕТ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT IMMUNITY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исследование устойчивости клоновых подвоев яблони из коллекции Мичуринского государственного аграрного университета к мучнистой росе</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Powdery mildew resistance of apple clonal rootstocks from the collection of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4464-1876</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шамшин</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shamshin</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мичуринск; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michurinsk; Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ivan_shamshin@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0883-2867</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Дубровский</surname><given-names>М. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Dubrovsky</surname><given-names>M. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мичуринск; Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Michurinsk; Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9618-5932</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трифонова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trifonova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8479-4949</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Борис</surname><given-names>К. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Boris</surname><given-names>K. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6029-0730</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кудрявцев</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kudryavtsev</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Мичуринский государственный аграрный университет; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Michurinsk State Agrarian University; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="en">Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>11</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>572</fpage><lpage>581</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шамшин И.Н., Дубровский М.Л., Трифонова А.А., Борис К.В., Кудрявцев А.М., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шамшин И.Н., Дубровский М.Л., Трифонова А.А., Борис К.В., Кудрявцев А.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shamshin I.N., Dubrovsky M.L., Trifonova A.A., Boris K.V., Kudryavtsev A.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3928">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3928</self-uri><abstract><p>Клоновые подвои яблони являются основой современного интенсивного садоводства, они обеспечивают быстрое наращивание урожая и высокую технологичность возделывания плодовых деревьев. При производстве клоновых подвоев в условиях обильного увлажнения субстрата активно развивается возбудитель мучнистой росы – патогенный гриб Podosphaera leucotricha Salm., значительно снижающий продуктивность маточника. Использование устойчивых к мучнистой росе подвойных форм – наиболее целесообразный способ борьбы с этим заболеванием, позволяющий существенно сократить применение химических средств защиты растений. Для ускоренного поиска устойчивых форм разработаны молекулярные маркеры, ассоциированные с генами устойчивости. Однако для изучения клоновых подвоев эти маркеры ранее не применялись. Целью работы было изучение полевой устойчивости к мучнистой росе и выявление форм с генами устойчивости Pl- 1, Pl-2, Pl-w и Pl-d в крупнейшей отечественной коллекции клоновых подвоев яблони Мичуринского государственного аграрного университета. Результаты трехлетней полевой оценки устойчивости 80 отобранных для анализа подвойных форм позволили выделить пять основных групп образцов: от неустойчивых до высокоустойчивых. Наиболее многочисленной была группа устойчивых форм, включающая 57 образцов. Поиск генов устойчивости проводили с помощью маркеров AT20 SCAR (ген Pl-1), OPU02 SCAR (ген Pl-2), EM DM01 (ген Pl-d ) и EM М02 (ген Pl- w). Наибольшее распространение в изученной коллекции имеют гены Pl-d и Pl-1, обнаруженные у 33 (41.25 %) и 31 (38.75 %) образца соответственно. Ген Pl-w был выявлен только у двух форм, а при идентификации гена Pl-2 с маркером OPU02 SCAR не найдено фрагмента ожидаемого размера. При этом 30 образцов с различным уровнем полевой устойчивости имеют два гена, Pl-1 и Pl-d, а высокоустойчивые образцы G16 и 14-1 – комбинацию генов Pl-d и Pl-w. Эти образцы могут быть использованы в качестве доноров для создания новых клоновых подвоев яблони, несущих комплекс генов устойчивости к мучнистой росе.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Apple clonal rootstocks are the basis of modern intensive horticulture, providing a rapid increase in yield and convenience of fruit trees cultivation. Production of clonal rootstocks under high humidity often causes powdery mildew infection caused by the pathogenic fungus Podosphaera leucotricha Salm., which significantly reduces the productivity of stoolbed. Growing powdery mildew resistant genotypes is the most appropriate way to combat this disease and allows reducing the use of fungicides. To accelerate the search for resistant forms, molecular markers associated with resistance genes have been developed. However, these markers have not been used to study clonal rootstocks. The aims of the work were the field assessment of powdery mildew resistance of apple clonal rootstocks from the collection of the Michurinsk State Agrarian University and the screening of the collection for Pl-1, Pl-2, Pl-w and Pl-d resistance genes. The results of a three-year field evaluation of powdery mildew resistance of 80 rootstocks allowed us to distinguish five main groups ranging from very low to highly resistant. A group of 57 accessions was classified as powdery mildew resistant. The search for resistance genes was performed using the AT20 SCAR (Pl-1 gene), OPU02 SCAR (Pl- 2 gene), EM DM01 (Pl-d gene), and EM M02 (Pl-w gene) markers. The Pl-d and Pl-1 genes identified in 33 (41.25 %) and 31 (38.75 %) accessions, respectively, were the most common in the collection. The Pl-w gene was detected only in two accessions. Identification of the Pl-2 gene with the OPU02 SCAR marker did not reveal a fragment of the expected size. Thirty accessions with different powdery mildew resistance scores had two genes, Pl-1 and Pl-d, and highly resistant forms G16 and 14-1 had a combination of the Pl-d and Pl-w genes. These accessions can be used as donors of powdery mildew resistance for breeding new apple clonal rootstocks.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>клоновые подвои</kwd><kwd>Podosphaera leucotricha Salm.</kwd><kwd>молекулярные маркеры</kwd><kwd>гены устойчивости</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>clonal rootstocks</kwd><kwd>Podosphaera leucotricha Salm.</kwd><kwd>molecular markers</kwd><kwd>resistance genes</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation project No. 22-26-00326 (https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-00326)</funding-statement></funding-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation project No. 22-26-00326</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amirchakhmaghi N., Yousefzadeh H., Hosseinpour B., Espahbodi K., Aldaghi M., Cornille A. 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