vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJGB-23-80vavilov-3941Research ArticleЭКОЛОГИЧЕСКАЯ ГЕНЕТИКАECOLOGICAL GENETICSИсследование сообществ макробеспозвоночных животных в бухте Большие Коты озера Байкал с использованием ДНК метабаркодингаA study of macroinvertebrate communities in Bolshiye Koty Bay of Lake Baikal using DNA metabarcodinghttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0862-4726КравцоваЛ. С.KravtsovaL. S.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

lk@lin.irk.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2950-9762ПеретолчинаТ. Е.PeretolchinaT. E.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4830-0155ТрибойТ. И.TriboyT. I.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5961-0514НебесныхИ. А.NebesnykhI. A.

Иркутск

Irkutsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8194-0322ТупикинА. Е.TupikinA. E.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2777-0833КабиловМ. Р.KabilovM. R.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Лимнологический институт Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияLimnological Institute of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут химической биологии и фундаментальной медицины Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202302112023276694702Copyright © Кравцова Л.С., Перетолчина Т.Е., Трибой Т.И., Небесных И.А., Тупикин А.Е., Кабилов М.Р., 20232023Кравцова Л.С., Перетолчина Т.Е., Трибой Т.И., Небесных И.А., Тупикин А.Е., Кабилов М.Р.Kravtsova L.S., Peretolchina T.E., Triboy T.I., Nebesnykh I.A., Tupikin A.E., Kabilov M.R.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/3941

Приводятся сведения о разнообразии макробеспозвоночных животных, структуре их сообществ в бухте Большие Коты оз. Байкал, полученные методом ДНК метабаркодинга на основе NGS-технологии (Illumina, MiSeq). Для ДНК метабаркодинга макробеспозвоночных был использован внутренний праймер mlCOIintF в комбинации с jgHCO2198 для амплификации фолмеровского фрагмента гена СОI. Всего получено 118 009 прочтений фрагмента гена СОI (длиной не менее 313 п. н.). Показано, что количество прочтений может служить опосредованной характеристикой обилия вида (операционной таксономической единицы – ОТЕ). Корреляция количества прочтений с численностью макробеспозвоночных в пробах до экстракции ДНК по коэффициенту Спирмена составляет 0.6 ( p < 0.05). Выявлено 115 ОТЕ, принадлежащих высшим таксонам макробеспозвоночных животных: Porifera – 1, Platyhelminthes – 3, Annelida – 38, Arthropoda – 55, Mollusca – 18. На видовом уровне (при гомологии с референсными последовательностями GenBank ≥ 95 % и покрытии не менее 90 %) зарегистрировано 46 таксонов макробеспозвоночных, формирующих три сообщества: одно – с доминированием моллюсков Choanomphalus conf. maacki и два – с доминированием хирономид Ortho cla dius gregarius Linev., Sergentia baicalensis Tshern. Сообщества характеризуются невысоким видовым разнообразием по Шеннону (от 0.7 до 1.2 бит), высокой концентрацией доминирования по Симпсону (от 0.5 до 0.7) и низкой выравненностью по Пиелу (от 0.3 до 0.4). На долю доминантов и субдоминантов в сообществах приходится от 91 до 96 % прочтений фрагмента гена СОI. На пространственное распределение доминирующих видов сообществ влияют геоморфологические особенности дна в исследуемом районе и состав донных отложений. Предложенный подход для изу чения структуры сообществ макробеспозвоночных на основе ДНК метабаркодинга может быть рекомендован для экспресс-оценки состояния водных экосистем при мониторинге.

The diversity of macroinvertebrates, the structure of their communities in Bolshiye Koty Bay (Lake Baikal) was studied by a DNA metabarcoding approach using an Illumina MiSeq system. Internal primer mlCOIintF in combination with jgHCO2198 of the Folmer fragment of the COI gene were used for macroinvertebrate metabarcoding. A total of 118009 reads of the COI gene fragment (at least 313 bp in length) were obtained. The correlation of the Spearman coefficient (S = 0.6, p < 0.05) with the abundance of macroinvertebrates in the samples before DNA extraction showed that the number of reads can serve as an indirect characteristic of the abundance of a species (operational taxonomic unit, OTU). 115 OTUs belonging to the higher taxa of macroinvertebrates were identified: Porifera, 1; Platyhelminthes, 3; Annelida, 38; Arthropoda, 55; Mollusca, 18. At a high level of resolution (with homology with GenBank reference sequences ≥ 95 %, coverage ≥ 90 %), 46 taxa of macroinvertebrates comprising three communities were registered: one dominated by molluscs (Choanomphalus conf. maacki) and two dominated by chironomids (Orthocladius grega rius Linev., Sergentia baicalensis Tshern.). Communities are characterized by low species diversity according to Shannon (from 0.7 to 1.2 bits), high concentration of dominance according to Simpson (from 0.5 to 0.7) and low evenness according to Pielou (from 0.3 to 0.4). Dominants and subdominants in the communities account for 91 to 96 % of COI gene fragment reads. The spatial distribution of the dominant species identified in the communities is influenced by the geomorphological features of the bottom and the composition of sediments in the area studied. The approach proposed for studying the structure of macroinvertebrate communities based on DNA metabarcoding and next generation sequencing can be recommended for express assessment of the state of aquatic ecosystems in the monitoring.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.