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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJGB-23-113</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4009</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОЛОГИЯ РАЗВИТИЯ РАСТЕНИЙ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY OF PLANTS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Фотохимическая активность формирующихся семядолей гороха (Pisum sativum L.) зависит от светопропускания покровных тканей и спектрального состава света</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Photochemical activity in developing pea (Pisum sativum L.) cotyledons depends on the light transmittance of covering tissues and the spectral composition of light</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5238-1851</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Смоликова</surname><given-names>Г. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Smolikova</surname><given-names>G. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">g.smolikova@spbu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Степанова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stepanova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9815-9578</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Камионская</surname><given-names>А. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kamionskaya</surname><given-names>A. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1127-1343</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Медведев</surname><given-names>С. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Medvedev</surname><given-names>S. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет; Институт биоинженерии им. К.Г. Скрябина, Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии»  Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University; Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт биоинженерии им. К.Г. Скрябина, Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии»  Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Federal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint Petersburg State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2023</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>12</month><year>2023</year></pub-date><volume>27</volume><issue>8</issue><fpage>980</fpage><lpage>987</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Смоликова Г.Н., Степанова Н.В., Камионская А.М., Медведев С.С., 2023</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2023</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Смоликова Г.Н., Степанова Н.В., Камионская А.М., Медведев С.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Smolikova G.N., Stepanova N.V., Kamionskaya A.M., Medvedev S.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4009">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4009</self-uri><abstract><p>У многих сельскохозяйственных растений для формирования семян необходимы не только фотосинтез листьев, но также фотохимические реакции, происходящие в семенах. Цель нашей работы заключалась в сравнительном анализе светопропускания и фотохимической активности листьев, перикарпия, кожуры и семядолей Pisum sativum L. на ранней, средней и поздней стадиях созревания семян. Спектральный состав света измеряли при помощи спектрорадиометра в области 390–760 нм. Светопропускание растительных тканей оценивали, разместив растительную ткань между источником освещения и датчиком спектрорадиометра. Фотохимическую активность растительных тканей определяли методом РАМ-флуориметрии, позволяющим оценить эффективность преобразования световой энергии в химическую путем анализа кинетики возбуждения и гашения флуоресценции хлорофиллов. Фотохимически активный зеленый лист гороха пропускал в среднем 15 % солнечной радиации в диапазоне 390–760 нм; при этом синий свет задерживался полностью, а количество проходящего красного света составляло не более 5 %. Фотохимически активная радиация, проходящая сквозь перикарпий и кожуру и достигающая семядолей на ранней и средней стадиях созревания семян, характеризовалась высокой долей зеленого и дальнего красного света, при этом синий свет отсутствовал, а количество красного света составляло около 2 %. Однако, несмотря на низкую энергетическую освещенность и спектральные диапазоны, не характерные для фотосинтеза листа, семядоли были фотохимически активными. На ранней и средней стадиях созревания максимальный квантовый выход фотосистемы II (Fv/Fm) в среднем составлял 0.5 на периферии семядолей и 0.3 в центре семядолей. Поскольку интенсивность эмбриональных фотохимических реакций в значительной степени влияет на эффективность накопления запасных питательных веществ, этот параметр является перспективным маркером для селекции семян гороха с улучшенными пищевыми качествами.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Many crops require not only leaf photosynthesis for their seed development but also the photochemical reactions that occur in the seeds. The purpose of this work was a comparative analysis of light transmittance and photochemical activity in the leaves of Pisum sativum L. and its pericarp, seed coat, and cotyledons at the early, middle, and late maturation stages. The spectral composition of light was measured using a spectroradiometer in the range of 390–760 nm. We assessed the light transmittance of plant tissues by placing the plant tissue between the light source and the spectroradiometer’s sensor. PAM fluorometry was used to quantify the photochemical activity in plant tissues: this technique is handy for evaluating the efficiency of converting light energy into chemical energy through the analysis of the kinetics of chlorophyll fluorescence excitation and quenching. On average, a photochemically active green leaf of pea transmitted 15 % of solar radiation in the 390–760 nm, blue light was delayed entirely, and the transmitted red light never exceeded 5 %. Photochemically active radiation passing through the pericarp and coat and reaching the cotyledons at the early and middle seed maturation stages manifested a high proportion of green and far-red light; there was no blue light, and the percentage of red light was about 2 %. However, the cotyledons were photochemically active regardless of low irradiance and spectral ranges untypical of leaf photosynthesis. At the early and middle maturation stages, the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm) averaged 0.5 at the periphery of cotyledons and 0.3 at their center. Since the intensity of embryonic photochemical reactions significantly affects the efficiency of reserve nutrient accumulation, this parameter is a promising marker in pea breeding for seeds with improved nutritional qualities. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Pisum sativum L.</kwd><kwd>созревание семян</kwd><kwd>светопропускание тканей</kwd><kwd>интенсивность освещения</kwd><kwd>фотохимически активная радиация</kwd><kwd>фотохимическая активность</kwd><kwd>РАМ-флуориметрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Pisum sativum L.</kwd><kwd>seed maturation</kwd><kwd>light transmittance of tissues</kwd><kwd>illumination intensity</kwd><kwd>photochemically  active radiation</kwd><kwd>photochemical activity</kwd><kwd>PAM fluorometry</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The research has been funded from the grant of the Russian Science Foundation, No. 22-26-00273  (https://rscf.ru/project/22-26-00273).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Allen D.K., Ohlrogge J.B., Shachar-Hill Y. 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