vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJGB-24-05vavilov-4053Research ArticleМАТЕРИАЛЫ КОНФЕРЕНЦИИ «УСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ РАСТЕНИЙ И МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ К НЕБЛАГОПРИЯТНЫМ ФАКТОРАМ СРЕДЫ», ИРКУТСКPROCEEDINS OF THE CONFERENCE “RESISTANCE OF PLANTS AND MICROORGANISMS TO ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS”, IRKUTSKЭкспрессия генов транспортеров ауксина в волокнах льна (Linum usitatissimum) при гравиответеExpression of auxin transporter genes in flax (Linum usitatissimum) fibers during gravity responseИбрагимоваН. Н.IbragimovaN. N.

Казань

Kazan

nibra@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6434-7404МокшинаН. Е.MokshinaN. E.

Казань

Kazan

Казанский институт биохимии и биофизики – обособленное структурное подразделение Федерального исследовательского центра «Казанский научный центр Российской академии наук»РоссияKazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics of Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation2024020320242813343Copyright © Ибрагимова Н.Н., Мокшина Н.Е., 20242024Ибрагимова Н.Н., Мокшина Н.Е.Ibragimova N.N., Mokshina N.E.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4053

Гравитропизм – адаптивная реакция растений, связанная со способностью органов растений располагаться и расти в определенном направлении относительно вектора силы тяжести. При этом асимметричное распределение фитогормона ауксина считается необходимым условием для тропического изгиба органов растения. Ранее нами были описаны яркие морфологические изменения флоэмных волокон с утолщенной клеточной стенкой, находящихся на разных сторонах зрелых участков стебля в области гравитропического изгиба. Настоящее исследование – первая работа, посвященная идентификации генов, кодирующих переносчики ауксина в этих клетках на разных стадиях развития и при гравиответе. В растениях льна идентифицированы гены основных переносчиков ауксина: AUX1/LAX, PIN-FORMED, PIN-LIKES и ABCB. Сравнительный анализ экспрессии этих генов во флоэмных волокнах льна, находящихся на разных стадиях развития, выявил повышенную экспрессию некоторых генов на стадии интрузивного роста (LusLAX2 (A, B), LuxPIN1-D, LusPILS7 (C, D)), на ранней стадии формирования третичной клеточной стенки (LusAUX1 (A, D), LusABCB1 (A, B), LusABCB15-A, LusPIN1 (A, B), LusPIN4-A, LusPIN5-A) и на поздней стадии развития третичной клеточной стенки (LusLAX3 (A, B)). Показано, что при гравитропизме повышалась экспрессия многих генов исследуемых семейств, в том числе отвечающих за приток ауксина в клетки (LusAUX1-D). Выявлена дифференциальная экспрессия генов переносчиков ауксина при гравиответе в волокнах, находящихся на разных сторонах стебля – верхней (PUL) и нижней (OPP): различие наблюдалось за счет экспрессии генов, продукты которых отвечают за внутриклеточный транспорт (LusPILS3, LusPILS7-A) и отток ауксина из клеток (LusABCB15-B, LusABCB19-B). Повышенная экспрессия PIN-генов и ABCB-генов была более типична для волокон OPP-стороны стебля. Полученные результаты позволяют сделать предположение о наличии дифференциального содержания ауксина в волокнах разных сторон стебля гравистимулированных растений льна, которое, возможно, определяется неравномерным оттоком ауксина. Исследование дает представление о переносчиках ауксина во льне и закладывает основу для дальнейшего изучения их функций в развитии флоэмного волокна и при гравиответе.

Gravitropism is an adaptive reaction of plants associated with the ability of various plant organs to be located and to grow in a certain direction relative to the gravity vector, while usually the asymmetric distribution of the phytohormone auxin is a necessary condition for the gravitropical bending of plant organs. Earlier, we described significant morphological changes in phloem fibers with a thickened cell wall located on different sides of the stem in the area of the gravitropic curvature. The present study is the first work devoted to the identification of genes encoding auxin transporters in cells at different stages of development and during gravity response. In this study, the flax genes encoding the AUX1/LAX, PIN-FORMED, PIN-LIKES, and ABCB auxin transporters were identified. A comparative analysis of the expression of these genes in flax phloem fibers at different stages of development revealed increased expression of some of these genes at the stage of intrusive growth (LusLAX2 (A, B), LuxPIN1-D, LusPILS7 (C, D)), at the early stage of tertiary cell wall formation (LusAUX1 (A, D), LusABCB1 (A, B), LusABCB15-A, LusPIN1 (A, B), LusPIN4-A, and LusPIN5-A), and at the late stage of tertiary cell wall development (LusLAX3 (A, B)). It was shown that in the course of gravitropism, the expression of many genes, including those responsible for the influx of auxin in cells (LusAUX1-D), in the studied families increased. Differential expression of auxin transporter genes was revealed during gravity response in fibers located on different sides of the stem (upper (PUL) and lower (OPP)). The difference was observed due to the expression of genes, the products of which are responsible for auxin intracellular transport (LusPILS3, LusPILS7-A) and its efflux (LusABCB15-B, LusABCB19-B). It was noted that the increased expression of PIN genes and ABCB genes was more typical of fibers on the opposite side. The results obtained allow us to make an assumption about the presence of differential auxin content in the fibers of different sides of gravistimulated flax plants, which may be determined by an uneven outflow of auxin. This study gives an idea of auxin carriers in flax and lays the foundation for further studies of their functions in the development of phloem fiber and in gravity response.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.