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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ15.033</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-406</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭВОЛЮЦИОННАЯ КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>THE MOLECULAR BASIS OF GENETIC PROCESSES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Профиль экспрессии длинных и коротких РНК в цитоплазме и ядрах растущих ооцитов домашней курицы (Gallus gallus domesticus)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Expression profiles of long and short RNA s in the cytoplasm and nuclei of growing chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) oocytes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Красикова</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Krasikova</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">alla.krasikova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Федоров</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Fedorov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет», Санкт-Петербург, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский государственный университет», Санкт-Петербург, Россия&#13;
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Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова Минздрава России, Санкт-Петербург, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia&#13;
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Almazov Federal Medical Research Centre, Saint-Petersburg, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>264</fpage><lpage>269</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Красикова А.В., Федоров А.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Красикова А.В., Федоров А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Krasikova A.V., Fedorov A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/406">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/406</self-uri><abstract><p>Материнская РНК, накапливаемая в ооците во время созревания, необходима не только для формирования зиготы, но и для поддержания определенного числа клеточных делений до активации генома зародыша. К одним из существенных этапов исследования транскриптома ооцитов относятся адаптация методик экстракции РНК и характеристика профиля экспрессии РНК. Адекватной моделью для исследования динамики накопления РНК в ходе оогенеза представляются яичники доместицированных видов птиц. В настоящей работе оптимизированы методы экстракции РНК из цитоплазмы и нуклеоплазмы ооцитов домашней курицы (Gallus gallus domesticus) и охарактеризованы изменения в профиле длинных и коротких РНК в ходе роста ооцита. Во фракциях РНК из цитоплазмы ооцитов курицы выявлено наличие 28S и 18S рибосомных РНК (рРНК), малых РНК и гетерогенных по размеру длинных РНК. В профиле тотальной РНК из ядер растущих ооцитов присутствуют преимущественно пики низкомолекулярной РНК, соответствующей по размеру транспортным, малым ядерным и коротким регуляторным РНК. В ядрах растущих ооцитов самок курицы зарегистрированы следовые количества или отсутствие 28S и 18S рРНК, что обусловлено инактивацией единственного ядрышкового организатора. В ооцитах домашней курицы выявлены три отличающиеся по размеру группы коротких (от 20 до 40 н.) РНК, которые могут соответствовать классам коротких регуляторных РНК. Показано накопление коротких РНК в цитоплазме ооцита курицы в ходе его роста. Предполагается, что запасаемые в цитоплазме ооцитов птиц короткие РНК могут использоваться на ранних стадиях эмбриогенеза для регуляции функций генома.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Maternal RNAs accumulated during oocyte maturation are required not only for zygote formation but also for supporting the first embryonic cell divisions until embryo genome activation. Essential stages of transcriptome analysis include adaptation of RNA extraction procedures and characterization of the RNA expression profile. Ovaries of domestic birds represent an adequate model for exploration of RNA accumulation during oogenesis. In the present study, we optimized methods of RNA extraction from chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus) oocyte cytoplasm and nucleoplasm and characterized changes in profiles of long and short RNAs during oocyte growth. Cytoplasmic RNA fractions contained 28S and 18S ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), small RNAs, and long RNAs heterogeneous in size. The profiles of total RNA from growing oocyte nuclei were dominated by low molecular weight RNAs corresponding in size to transport RNAs, small nuclear RNAs, and short regulatory RNAs. Importantly, oocyte nuclei from chicken egglaying females demonstrated trace amounts or absence of 28S and 18S rRNA, which was due to inactivation of the only nucleolar organizer. Three groups of short RNAs differing in size (from 20 to 40 nucleotides) were recognized in chicken oocytes. They might correspond to short regulatory RNA classes. Furthermore, we demonstrated that short RNAs were accumulated in the cytoplasm during oocyte growth. We suggest that short RNAs accumulated in avian oocyte cytoplasm are involved in the regulation of genome functions at early embryogenesis stages.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>домашняя курица</kwd><kwd>короткие РНК</kwd><kwd>материнская РНК</kwd><kwd>некодирующие РНК</kwd><kwd>ооцит</kwd><kwd>оогенез</kwd><kwd>рибосомная РНК</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>domestic chicken</kwd><kwd>non-coding RNA</kwd><kwd>short RNA</kwd><kwd>maternal RNA</kwd><kwd>oocyte</kwd><kwd>oogenesis</kwd><kwd>ribosomal RNA</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Родионов А.В. 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