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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ15.037</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-410</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭВОЛЮЦИОННАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА И ВИДООБРАЗОВАНИЕ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Animal genetics and breeding</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Репродуктивные способности и пути повышения плодовитости шиншиллы (Chinchilla laniger Molina)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reproductive performance and increased fecundity in the chinchilla (Chinchilla laniger Molina)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Новиков</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Novikov</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">6773285@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумилина</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumilina</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">Shumilina51@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Московская государственная академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии им. К.И. Скрябина»,  Москва, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Skryabin State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования «Московская государственная&#13;
академия ветеринарной медицины и биотехнологии им. К.И. Скрябина», Москва, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Skryabin State Academy of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnology, Moscow, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>292</fpage><lpage>295</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Новиков М.В., Шумилина Н.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Новиков М.В., Шумилина Н.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Novikov M.V., Shumilina N.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/410">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/410</self-uri><abstract><p>Обзор мировой практики разведения шиншилл позволил систематизировать данные о показателях и условиях воспроизводства, предопределяющих рентабельность звероферм. Шиншиллы клеточного разведения полигамны и полиэстричны. О сохранении некоторой сезонности размножения шиншилл свидетельствуют различия в органо-соматических индексах, количестве жизнеспособных сперматозоидов у самцов, а также в продолжительности половых циклов самок в зависимости от времени года. Репродуктивные способности шиншилл сохраняются в течение 15 лет, при этом для сохранения потомства важно избегать преждевременного спаривания самок, не достигших шестимесячного возраста. Хотя в яичнике самок шиншилл созревают 10–16 фолликулов, средняя годовая плодовитость шиншилл составляет 2,2–4 щенка на самку в год. Естественному годовому ритму шиншилл соответствует получение от самки двух пометов при характерной для шиншилл способности приносить 1–3 приплода в год. На интервал рождаемости значительно влияют возраст самок, фотопериод и регулирование интенсивности освещения. Увеличение количества ежегодных щенений вызывает чрезмерное изнашивание организма самки и влечет за собой сокращение периода репродуктивности шиншиллы. На размер пометов шиншилл влияют генотип и экстерьер зверьков, а также паратипические факторы в период беременности и щенения. Для улучшения фертильности шиншилл особенно важен подбор самок и самцов. Повышению плодовитости шиншилл способствует применение репродуктивных технологий, в том числе электроэякуляция и криоконсервация спермы, индукция эструса, гормональное стимулирование овуляции и другие. Прибыльность промышленного разведения шиншилл в значительной мере зависит от совершенствования как качественных (окраски), так и количественных признаков (плодовитости) зверьков, что актуально для российского звероводства.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Our overview of the global practice of breeding chinchillas systematizes information about performance and reproduction conditions that determine the profitability of fur farms. Captive chinchillas are polygamous and polyestrous. Seasonal differences in the organosomatic indexes, the number of spermatozoids in males, and the duration of the sexual cycle of females predetermine preservation of the seasonal habit of reproduction. Chinchillas retain their reproductive ability for 15 years. To save offspring, it is important to avoid premature mating of females younger than 6 months. Although 10–16 follicles ripen in the ovary of a chinchilla female, their average annual fecundity is 2.2–4 puppies per year. In accordance with the natural annual rhythm, a female chinchilla typically produces two litters, being able to have 1-3 litters annually. The interval between whelpings depends on photoperiod, illumination, and age of females. Too frequent whelpings exhaust the female organism and reduce its period of reproduction. Litter size is affected by the genotype and conformation of animals, as well as by paratypic factors acting during pregnancy and whelping. Proper selection of females and males is essential for fecundity improvement. To improve the fecundity of chinchillas, use of reproductive technologies is recommended, including electroejaculation, sperm cryopreservation, estrus induction, hormonal stimulation of ovulation, and others. The profitability of commercial breeding of chinchillas is dependent largely on the improvement of both qualitative (color) and quantitative (fecundity) traits, which is important for Russian fur farming.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>шиншилла</kwd><kwd>плодовитость</kwd><kwd>воспроизводство</kwd><kwd>сезонность размножения</kwd><kwd>полиэстричность</kwd><kwd>экстерьер</kwd><kwd>фотопериод</kwd><kwd>репродуктивные технологии</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>chinchilla</kwd><kwd>fecundity</kwd><kwd>seasonality in reproduction</kwd><kwd>polyestrous</kwd><kwd>conformation</kwd><kwd>photoperiod</kwd><kwd>reproductive technologies</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Барабаш Б. 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