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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ15.043</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-416</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>БИОТЕХНОЛОГИЯ МИКРООРГАНИЗМОВ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>Plant genetics and breeding</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Маркер-контролируемое выявление генотипов кукурузы с улучшенным качеством белка</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Marker-assisted identification of maize genotypes with improved protein quality</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Орловская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Orlovskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">O.Orlovskaya@igc.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кубрак</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kubrak</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Вакула</surname><given-names>С. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vakula</surname><given-names>S. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хотылева</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khotyleva</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кильчевский</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kilchevsky</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное научное учреждение «Институт генетики и цитологии НАН Беларуси», Минск, Беларусь<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Genetics and Cytology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Государственное научное учреждение «Институт генетики и цитологии Национальной академии наук Беларуси», Минск, Беларусь<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Genetics and Cytology, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Minsk, Republic of Belarus<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>333</fpage><lpage>338</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Орловская О.А., Кубрак С.В., Вакула С.И., Хотылева Л.В., Кильчевский А.В., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Орловская О.А., Кубрак С.В., Вакула С.И., Хотылева Л.В., Кильчевский А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Orlovskaya O.A., Kubrak S.V., Vakula S.I., Khotyleva L.V., Kilchevsky A.V.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/416">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/416</self-uri><abstract><p>В настоящее время более 70 % кукурузы используется для производства пищевых продуктов и кормов, поэтому улучшение качественных показателей зерна может повысить пищевую и энергетическую ценность данной культуры. Дефицит двух незаменимых аминокислот, лизина и триптофана, существенно снижает питательное качество белка кукурузы. Однако мутанты кукурузы opaque2 (o2) имеют увеличенное содержание лизина и триптофана в белке эндосперма по сравнению с традиционными сортами, что повышает биологическую ценность кукурузного белка. Цель исследования – выявление образцов с высоким качеством белка в коллекции кукурузы различного эколого-географического происхождения с использованием молекулярно-генетических методов для повышения эффективности селекции данной культуры. Создана коллекция из 54 генотипов кукурузы с различными качественными показателями зерна. С помощью трех специфических маркеров к гену оpaque-2 (phi 057, phi 112 и umc 1066) выявлены генотипы кукурузы, гомозиготные по рецессивному аллелю o2, который связан с улучшенными питательными свойствами белка. Электрофоретический анализ зеинов позволил отобрать образцы Quality Protein Maize (QPM), которые содержат наряду с мутантным аллелем о2 генетические модификаторы, преобразующие крахмальный эндосперм o2-мутанта в твердый, стекловидный фенотип. Выделенные в результате исследования QPM-образцы представляют интерес для селекционных программ кукурузы, направленных на повышение качества зерна. Применение маркеров к гену opaque-2 и генам-модификаторам позволяет сократить сроки создания QPM-гибридов кукурузы, а также значительно уменьшает трудоемкость и финансовые затраты на их создание.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Currently, more than 70 % of maize is used for food and fodder; therefore, grain quality improvement can increase its nutritive and energy value. Deficiency of two essential amino acids (lysine and tryptophan) significantly reduces the nutritional quality of maize proteins. However, in comparison to conventional maize varieties, opaque2 (o2) mutants have greater contents of lysine and tryptophan in their endosperm proteins and their bioavailability is better. The aim of the study was identification of maize accessions with high-quality protein. A collection of maize accessions of various ecogeographical origins was studied by molecular methods. This approach was expected to improve maize breeding efficiency. We collected 54 maize genotypes differing in grain quality performance. Amplification with three specific markers to the opaque-2 gene (phi057, phi112 and umc1066) revealed homozygous recessive o2 genotypes, associated with improved nutritional quality of the protein. UREA-PAG electrophoresis of zein proteins was used for Quality Protein Maize (QPM) identification. In addition to the mutant o2 allele, QPM contains genetic modifiers that convert starchy endosperm of o2 mutant to the hard vitreous phenotype. The selected QPM accessions are of interest for maize breeding programs aimed at grain quality improvement. The use of the markers to o2 and modifier genes accelerates the development of QPM varieties and significantly reduces the labor and financial costs of their production.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>кукуруза</kwd><kwd>QPM-генотип</kwd><kwd>SSR-маркеры</kwd><kwd>электрофоретический анализ зеинов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>maize</kwd><kwd>QPM genotype</kwd><kwd>SSR markers</kwd><kwd>UREAPAGE</kwd><kwd>zeins.</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семена кукурузы. Метод определения уровня гибридности семян первого поколения, оценка типичности и маркирование инбредных линий: СТБ 1710–2006. утв. и введ. в действие Постановлением Госстандарта Республики Беларусь от 30 декабря 2006 г. № 66. 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