<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-24-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4231</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT GENETICS AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Сравнительное изучение прорастания семян пшеницы, различающихся антоциановой окраской перикарпа, в условиях естественного и индуцированного старения</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>A comparative study on germination of wheat grains with different anthocyanin pigmentation of the pericarp in natural or induced aging</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-7409</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гордеева</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gordeeva</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elgordeeva@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5289-8631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шоева</surname><given-names>О. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shoeva</surname><given-names>O. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8470-8254</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хлесткина</surname><given-names>Е. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khlestkina</surname><given-names>E. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p><p>Санкт-Петербург</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p><p>St. Petersburg</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Федеральный исследовательский центр Всероссийский институт генетических ресурсов растений им. Н.И. Вавилова (ВИР)<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences;  N.I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources (VIR)<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>495</fpage><lpage>505</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гордеева Е.И., Шоева О.Ю., Хлесткина Е.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гордеева Е.И., Шоева О.Ю., Хлесткина Е.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gordeeva E.I., Shoeva O.Y., Khlestkina E.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4231">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4231</self-uri><abstract><p>Одним из перспективных направлений селекции пшеницы является получение сортов с повышенным содержанием антоцианов в зерновке для производства функциональных продуктов питания. Однако вопрос о том, как эти соединения влияют на жизнеспособность семян после длительного хранения, оставался неизученным. Сравнительное исследование жизнеспособности семян было проведено с использованием набора почти изогенных линий пшеницы сорта Саратовская 29. Эти сестринские линии имеют различные сочетания рекомбинантных участков ДНК в хромосомах 2А и 7D с доминантными и рецессивными аллелями генов Pp3 и Pp-D1 (Рр, Purple pericarp), контролирующих антоциановую окраску колеоптилей и околоплодника. Семена проращивали в чашках Петри на увлажненной фильтровальной бумаге в климатической камере при постоянной температуре 20 °С с 12-часовым циклом дневного освещения. При длительном естественном хранении семян до 9 лет в сухом проветриваемом помещении в крафт-пакетах при температуре 20 ± 2 °С у испытанных образцов пшеницы происходила потеря всхожести семян до 50 %. При этом положительного влияния наличия антоцианов в зерне на сохранение всхожести не выявлено. Однако антоцианы способствовали сохранению жизнеспособности зерен в неблагоприятных кратковременных условиях повышения температуры до 48 °С и 100 % влажности. Тест на индуцированное старение не позволил предсказать ухудшение прорастания после длительного хранения семян. Результаты исследования показали нейтральную роль антоцианов в сохранении прорастания семян в течение 6–9 лет в естественных условиях хранения при 20 ± 2 °С. Небольшое статистически достоверное повышение всхожести зерен при естественном старении было связано с наличием рекомбинантного участка в хромосоме 7D пшеницы, содержащего ген Pp-D1.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>One of promising areas of wheat breeding is the creation of varieties with a high concentration of anthocyanins in the grain for the production of functional food products. Nonetheless, the question of how these compounds aﬀect seed viability after long-term storage has remained unexplored. A comparative study on seed viability was conducted using a set of near-isogenic lines on the background of spring wheat variety Saratovskaya 29. These sister lines carry diﬀerent combinations of recombinant DNA regions (on chromosomes 2A and 7D) containing dominant and recessive alleles at loci Pp3 and Pp-D1 (Pp: Purple pericarp), which determine the anthocyanin color of coleoptiles and of the pericarp. Seeds were germinated on two layers of water-moistened filter paper in a climatic chamber at a constant temperature of 20 °C on a 12-hour daylight cycle. During long-term natural storage of the seeds for up to 9 years in a dry ventilated room in Kraft bags at 20 ± 2 °C, the tested wheat samples experienced a loss of seed germination capacity of ~50 %; anthocyanins were found to not participate in the preservation of germination capacity. Nonetheless, anthocyanins contributed to the preservation of seed viability under unfavorable short-term conditions of a temperature rise to 48 °C at 100 % humidity. The accelerated aging test did not predict poor germination capacity after long-term seed storage. The results showed a neutral role of anthocyanins in the maintenance of seed germination capacity for 6–9 years under natural storage conditions at 20 ± 2 °C. A small statistically significant increase in grain germination capacity during natural aging was associated with the presence of a recombinant region containing the Pp-D1 gene on wheat chromosome 7D.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>антоцианы</kwd><kwd>естественное старение</kwd><kwd>жизнеспособность семян</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>anthocyanin</kwd><kwd>natural aging</kwd><kwd>seed germination</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was supported by Russian Science Foundation, grant No. 21-76-10024. The authors express their gratitude to Elena Valerievna Antonova (the Institute of Ecology of Plants and Animals, the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia) for assistance with the regression analysis as well as Galina Vladimirovna Generalova (ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk) and Olga Viktorovna Zakharova (ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk) for technical support.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Agacka-Mołdoch M., Arif M.A.R., Lohwasser U., Doroszewska T., Qualset C.O., Börner A. The inheritance of wheat grain longevity: a comparison between induced and natural ageing. J. Appl. Genet. 2016;57(4):477-481. DOI 10.1007/s13353-016-0348-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Agacka-Mołdoch M., Arif M.A.R., Lohwasser U., Doroszewska T., Qualset C.O., Börner A. The inheritance of wheat grain longevity: a comparison between induced and natural ageing. J. Appl. Genet. 2016;57(4):477-481. DOI 10.1007/s13353-016-0348-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arbuzova V.S., Maystrenko O.I., Popova O.M. Development of nearisogenic lines of the common wheat cultivar ‘Saratovskaya 29’. Cereal Res. Commun. 1998;26(1):39-46. DOI 10.1007/bf03543466</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arbuzova V.S., Maystrenko O.I., Popova O.M. Development of nearisogenic lines of the common wheat cultivar ‘Saratovskaya 29’. Cereal Res. Commun. 1998;26(1):39-46. DOI 10.1007/bf03543466</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arif M.A.R., Nagel M., Lohwasser U., Börner A. Genetic architecture of seed longevity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Biosci. 2017;42(1):81-89. DOI 10.1007/s12038-016-9661-6</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arif M.A.R., Nagel M., Lohwasser U., Börner A. Genetic architecture of seed longevity in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). J. Biosci. 2017;42(1):81-89. DOI 10.1007/s12038-016-9661-6</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arif M.A.R., Afzal I., Börner A. Genetic aspects and molecular causes of seed longevity in plants – a review. Plants. 2022;11(5):598. DOI 10.3390/plants11050598</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Arif M.A.R., Afzal I., Börner A. Genetic aspects and molecular causes of seed longevity in plants – a review. Plants. 2022;11(5):598. DOI 10.3390/plants11050598</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chen X., Yin G., Börner A., Xin X., He J., Nagel M., Liu X., Lu X. Comparative physiology and proteomics of two wheat genotypes diﬀering in seed storage tolerance. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 2018; 130:455-463. DOI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.07.022</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Chen X., Yin G., Börner A., Xin X., He J., Nagel M., Liu X., Lu X. Comparative physiology and proteomics of two wheat genotypes diﬀering in seed storage tolerance. Plant Physiol. Biochem. 2018; 130:455-463. DOI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2018.07.022</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Considine M.J., Foyer C.H. Stress eﬀects on the reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of plant growth and development. J. Exp. Bot. 2021;72(16):5795-5806. DOI 10.1093/jxb/erab265</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Considine M.J., Foyer C.H. Stress eﬀects on the reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation of plant growth and development. J. Exp. Bot. 2021;72(16):5795-5806. DOI 10.1093/jxb/erab265</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Corso M., Perreau F., Mouille G., Lepiniec L. Specialized phenolic compounds in seeds: structures, functions, and regulations. Plant Sci. 2020;296:110471. DOI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110471</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Corso M., Perreau F., Mouille G., Lepiniec L. Specialized phenolic compounds in seeds: structures, functions, and regulations. Plant Sci. 2020;296:110471. DOI 10.1016/j.plantsci.2020.110471</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Debeaujon I., Peeters A.J., Léon-Kloosterziel K.M., Koornneef M. The TRANSPARENT TESTA12 gene of Arabidopsis encodes a multidrug secondary transporter-like protein required for ﬂavonoid sequestration in vacuoles of the seed coat endothelium. Plant Cell. 2001;13(4):853-871. DOI 10.1105/tpc.13.4.853</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Debeaujon I., Peeters A.J., Léon-Kloosterziel K.M., Koornneef M. The TRANSPARENT TESTA12 gene of Arabidopsis encodes a multidrug secondary transporter-like protein required for ﬂavonoid sequestration in vacuoles of the seed coat endothelium. Plant Cell. 2001;13(4):853-871. DOI 10.1105/tpc.13.4.853</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dogra V., Kim C. Singlet oxygen metabolism: from genesis to signaling. Front. Plant Sci. 2020;10:1640. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2019.01640</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dogra V., Kim C. Singlet oxygen metabolism: from genesis to signaling. Front. Plant Sci. 2020;10:1640. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2019.01640</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Dumanović J., Nepovimova E., Natić M., Kuča K., Jaćević V. The signiﬁcance of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense system in plants: a concise overview. Front. Plant Sci. 2021;11:552969. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2020.552969</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Dumanović J., Nepovimova E., Natić M., Kuča K., Jaćević V. The signiﬁcance of reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defense system in plants: a concise overview. Front. Plant Sci. 2021;11:552969. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2020.552969</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Garg M., Kaur S., Sharma A., Kumari A., Tiwari V., Sharma S., Kapoor P., Sheoran B., Goyal A., Krishania M. Rising demand for healthy foods-anthocyanin biofortiﬁed colored wheat is a new research trend. Front. Nutr. 2022;9:878221. DOI 10.3389/fnut.2022.878221</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Garg M., Kaur S., Sharma A., Kumari A., Tiwari V., Sharma S., Kapoor P., Sheoran B., Goyal A., Krishania M. Rising demand for healthy foods-anthocyanin biofortiﬁed colored wheat is a new research trend. Front. Nutr. 2022;9:878221. DOI 10.3389/fnut.2022.878221</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gianella M., Balestrazzi A., Ravasio A., Mondoni A., Börner A., Guzzon F. Comparative seed longevity under genebank storage and artiﬁcial ageing: a case study in heteromorphic wheat wild relatives. Plant Biol. 2022;24(5):836-845. DOI 10.1111/plb.13421</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gianella M., Balestrazzi A., Ravasio A., Mondoni A., Börner A., Guzzon F. Comparative seed longevity under genebank storage and artiﬁcial ageing: a case study in heteromorphic wheat wild relatives. Plant Biol. 2022;24(5):836-845. DOI 10.1111/plb.13421</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Gordeeva E.I., Shoeva O.Y., Khlestkina E.K. Marker-assisted development of bread wheat near-isogenic lines carrying various combinations of purple pericarp (Pp) alleles. Euphytica. 2015;203(2):469-476. DOI 10.1007/s10681-014-1317-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Gordeeva E.I., Shoeva O.Y., Khlestkina E.K. Marker-assisted development of bread wheat near-isogenic lines carrying various combinations of purple pericarp (Pp) alleles. Euphytica. 2015;203(2):469-476. DOI 10.1007/s10681-014-1317-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Guryeva K.B., Beletskiy S.L., Khaba N.A. Studies of wheat grain sowing qualities during long-term storage. In: Innovative Technologies for the Production and Storage of Material Assets for National Needs. Moscow: Galleya-Print Publ., 2021;28-36 (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Guryeva K.B., Beletskiy S.L., Khaba N.A. Studies of wheat grain sowing qualities during long-term storage. In: Innovative Technologies for the Production and Storage of Material Assets for National Needs. Moscow: Galleya-Print Publ., 2021;28-36 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hay F.R., Valdez R., Lee J.S., Sta. Cruz P.C. Seed longevity phenotyping: recommendations on research methodology. J. Exp. Bot. 2019; 70(2):425-434. DOI 10.1093/jxb/ery358</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hay F.R., Valdez R., Lee J.S., Sta. Cruz P.C. Seed longevity phenotyping: recommendations on research methodology. J. Exp. Bot. 2019; 70(2):425-434. DOI 10.1093/jxb/ery358</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">International Rules for Seed Testing. Switzerland: The International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), 2004</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">International Rules for Seed Testing. Switzerland: The International Seed Testing Association (ISTA), 2004</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kaur S., Tiwari V., Kumari A., Chaudhary E., Sharma A., Ali U., Garg M. Protective and defensive role of anthocyanins under plant abiotic and biotic stresses: an emerging application in sustainable agriculture. J. Biotechnol. 2023;361:12-29. DOI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.11.009</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kaur S., Tiwari V., Kumari A., Chaudhary E., Sharma A., Ali U., Garg M. Protective and defensive role of anthocyanins under plant abiotic and biotic stresses: an emerging application in sustainable agriculture. J. Biotechnol. 2023;361:12-29. DOI 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2022.11.009</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kohyama N., Chono M., Nakagawa H., Matsuo Y., Ono H., Matsunaka H. Flavonoid compounds related to seed coat color of wheat. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2017;81(11):2112-2118. DOI 10.1080/09168451.2017.1373589</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kohyama N., Chono M., Nakagawa H., Matsuo Y., Ono H., Matsunaka H. Flavonoid compounds related to seed coat color of wheat. Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem. 2017;81(11):2112-2118. DOI 10.1080/09168451.2017.1373589</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kong L., Wang F., Si J., Feng B., Li S. Water-soluble phenolic compounds in the coat control germination and peroxidase reactivation in Triticum aestivum seeds. Plant Growth Regul. 2008;56:275-283. DOI 10.1007/s10725-008-9307-2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kong L., Wang F., Si J., Feng B., Li S. Water-soluble phenolic compounds in the coat control germination and peroxidase reactivation in Triticum aestivum seeds. Plant Growth Regul. 2008;56:275-283. DOI 10.1007/s10725-008-9307-2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kumar A., Prasad A., Pospíšil P. Formation of α-tocopherol hydro-peroxide and α-tocopheroxyl radical: relevance for photooxidative stress in Arabidopsis. Sci. Rep. 2020;10(1):19646. DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-75634-0</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kumar A., Prasad A., Pospíšil P. Formation of α-tocopherol hydro-peroxide and α-tocopheroxyl radical: relevance for photooxidative stress in Arabidopsis. Sci. Rep. 2020;10(1):19646. DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-75634-0</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kurek K., Plitta-Michalak B., Ratajczak E. Reactive oxygen species as potential drivers of the seed aging process. Plants. 2019;8(6):174. DOI 10.3390/plants8060174</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kurek K., Plitta-Michalak B., Ratajczak E. Reactive oxygen species as potential drivers of the seed aging process. Plants. 2019;8(6):174. DOI 10.3390/plants8060174</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Landjeva S., Lohwasser U., Börner A. Genetic mapping within the wheat D genome reveals QTL for germination, seed vigour and longevity, and early seedling growth. Euphytica. 2010;171:129-143. DOI 10.1007/s10681-009-0016-3</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Landjeva S., Lohwasser U., Börner A. Genetic mapping within the wheat D genome reveals QTL for germination, seed vigour and longevity, and early seedling growth. Euphytica. 2010;171:129-143. DOI 10.1007/s10681-009-0016-3</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li W., Faris J., Chittoor J., Leach J., Hulbert S., Liu D., Chen P., Gill B. Genomic mapping of defense response genes in wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 1999;98:226-233. DOI 10.1007/s001220051062</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li W., Faris J., Chittoor J., Leach J., Hulbert S., Liu D., Chen P., Gill B. Genomic mapping of defense response genes in wheat. Theor. Appl. Genet. 1999;98:226-233. DOI 10.1007/s001220051062</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Li W., Niu Y., Zheng Y., Wang Z. Advances in the understanding of reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation on seed dormancy, germination, and deterioration in crops. Front. Plant Sci. 2022;13: 826809. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2022.826809</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Li W., Niu Y., Zheng Y., Wang Z. Advances in the understanding of reactive oxygen species-dependent regulation on seed dormancy, germination, and deterioration in crops. Front. Plant Sci. 2022;13: 826809. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2022.826809</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Liu J., Zhou H., Song L., Yang Z., Qiu M., Wang J., Shi S. Anthocyanins: promising natural products with diverse pharmacological activities. Molecules. 2021;26(13):3807. DOI 10.3390/molecules26133807</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Liu J., Zhou H., Song L., Yang Z., Qiu M., Wang J., Shi S. Anthocyanins: promising natural products with diverse pharmacological activities. Molecules. 2021;26(13):3807. DOI 10.3390/molecules26133807</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Longo C., Holness S., De Angelis V., Lepri A., Occhigrossi S., Ruta V., Vittorioso P. From the outside to the inside: new insights on the main factors that guide seed dormancy and germination. Genes. 2020; 12(1):52. DOI 10.3390/genes12010052</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Longo C., Holness S., De Angelis V., Lepri A., Occhigrossi S., Ruta V., Vittorioso P. From the outside to the inside: new insights on the main factors that guide seed dormancy and germination. Genes. 2020; 12(1):52. DOI 10.3390/genes12010052</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Loskutov I.G., Khlestkina E.K. Wheat, barley, and oat breeding for health beneﬁt components in grain. Plants. 2021;10(1):86. DOI 10.3390/plants10010086</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loskutov I.G., Khlestkina E.K. Wheat, barley, and oat breeding for health beneﬁt components in grain. Plants. 2021;10(1):86. DOI 10.3390/plants10010086</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mares D., Himi E. The role of TaMYB10-A1 of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in determining grain coat colour and dormancy phenotype. Euphytica. 2021;217(5):89. DOI 10.1007/s10681-021-02826-8</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mares D., Himi E. The role of TaMYB10-A1 of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in determining grain coat colour and dormancy phenotype. Euphytica. 2021;217(5):89. DOI 10.1007/s10681-021-02826-8</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagel M., Börner A. The longevity of crop seeds stored under ambient conditions. Seed Sci. Res. 2010;20(1):1-12. DOI 10.1017/s0960258509990213</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagel M., Börner A. The longevity of crop seeds stored under ambient conditions. Seed Sci. Res. 2010;20(1):1-12. DOI 10.1017/s0960258509990213</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nagel M., Kranner I., Neumann K., Rolletschek H., Seal C.E., Colville L., Fernández-Marín B.E., Börner A. Genome-wide association mapping and biochemical markers reveal that seed ageing and longevity are intricately aﬀected by genetic background and developmental and environmental conditions in barley. Plant Cell Environ. 2015;38(6):1011-1022. DOI 10.1111/pce.12474</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nagel M., Kranner I., Neumann K., Rolletschek H., Seal C.E., Colville L., Fernández-Marín B.E., Börner A. Genome-wide association mapping and biochemical markers reveal that seed ageing and longevity are intricately aﬀected by genetic background and developmental and environmental conditions in barley. Plant Cell Environ. 2015;38(6):1011-1022. DOI 10.1111/pce.12474</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Patra S., Makhal P., Jaryal S., Nilesh M., Kaki V.R. Anthocyanins: plant-based ﬂavonoid pigments with diverse biological activities. Int. J. Plant Based Pharm. 2022;2(1):118-127. DOI 10.62313/ijpbp.2022.22</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Patra S., Makhal P., Jaryal S., Nilesh M., Kaki V.R. Anthocyanins: plant-based ﬂavonoid pigments with diverse biological activities. Int. J. Plant Based Pharm. 2022;2(1):118-127. DOI 10.62313/ijpbp.2022.22</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit32"><label>32</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pourcel L., Routaboul J.M., Cheynier V., Lepiniec L., Debeaujon I. Flavonoid oxidation in plants: from biochemical properties to physiological functions. Trends Plant Sci. 2007;12(1):29-36. DOI 10.1016/j.tplants.2006.11.006</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pourcel L., Routaboul J.M., Cheynier V., Lepiniec L., Debeaujon I. Flavonoid oxidation in plants: from biochemical properties to physiological functions. Trends Plant Sci. 2007;12(1):29-36. DOI 10.1016/j.tplants.2006.11.006</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit33"><label>33</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Powell A., Matthews S. Seed aging/repair hypothesis leads to new testing methods. Seed Technol. 2012;34(1):15-25</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Powell A., Matthews S. Seed aging/repair hypothesis leads to new testing methods. Seed Technol. 2012;34(1):15-25</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit34"><label>34</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rathod D.R., Kumar A., Lal S.K., Talukdar A. Seed coat permeability studies in wild and cultivated species of soybean. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 2017;6(7):2358-2363. DOI 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.279</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rathod D.R., Kumar A., Lal S.K., Talukdar A. Seed coat permeability studies in wild and cultivated species of soybean. Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci. 2017;6(7):2358-2363. DOI 10.20546/ijcmas.2017.607.279</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit35"><label>35</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Rehman Arif M.A., Nagel M., Neumann K., Kobiljski B., Lohwasser U., Börner A. Genetic studies of seed longevity in hexaploid wheat using segregation and association mapping approaches. Euphytica. 2012;186:1-13. DOI 10.1007/s10681-011-0471-5</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Rehman Arif M.A., Nagel M., Neumann K., Kobiljski B., Lohwasser U., Börner A. Genetic studies of seed longevity in hexaploid wheat using segregation and association mapping approaches. Euphytica. 2012;186:1-13. DOI 10.1007/s10681-011-0471-5</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit36"><label>36</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Roach T., Nagel M., Börner A., Eberle C., Kranner I. Changes in tocochromanols and glutathione reveal diﬀerences in the mechanisms of seed ageing under seedbank conditions and controlled deterioration in barley. Environ. Exp. Bot. 2018;156:8-15. DOI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.08.027</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Roach T., Nagel M., Börner A., Eberle C., Kranner I. Changes in tocochromanols and glutathione reveal diﬀerences in the mechanisms of seed ageing under seedbank conditions and controlled deterioration in barley. Environ. Exp. Bot. 2018;156:8-15. DOI 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2018.08.027</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit37"><label>37</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Sano N., Rajjou L., North H.M., Debeaujon I., Marion-Poll A., Seo M. Staying alive: molecular aspects of seed longevity. Plant Cell Physiol. 2016;57(4):660-674. DOI 10.1093/pcp/pcv186</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Sano N., Rajjou L., North H.M., Debeaujon I., Marion-Poll A., Seo M. Staying alive: molecular aspects of seed longevity. Plant Cell Physiol. 2016;57(4):660-674. DOI 10.1093/pcp/pcv186</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit38"><label>38</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Schwember A.R., Bradford K.J. Quantitative trait loci associated with longevity of lettuce seeds under conventional and controlled deterioration storage conditions. J. Exp. Bot. 2010;61(15):4423-4436. DOI 10.1093/jxb/erq248</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Schwember A.R., Bradford K.J. Quantitative trait loci associated with longevity of lettuce seeds under conventional and controlled deterioration storage conditions. J. Exp. Bot. 2010;61(15):4423-4436. DOI 10.1093/jxb/erq248</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit39"><label>39</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shah F.A., Ni J., Chen J., Wang Q., Liu W., Chen X., Tang C., Fu S., Wu L. Proanthocyanidins in seed coat tegmen and endospermic cap inhibit seed germination in Sapium sebiferum. PeerJ. 2018;6:e4690. DOI 10.7717/peerj.4690</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shah F.A., Ni J., Chen J., Wang Q., Liu W., Chen X., Tang C., Fu S., Wu L. Proanthocyanidins in seed coat tegmen and endospermic cap inhibit seed germination in Sapium sebiferum. PeerJ. 2018;6:e4690. DOI 10.7717/peerj.4690</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit40"><label>40</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shen N., Wang T., Gan Q., Liu S., Wang L., Jin B. Plant ﬂavonoids: classiﬁcation, distribution, biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity. Food Chem. 2022;383:132531. DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132531</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shen N., Wang T., Gan Q., Liu S., Wang L., Jin B. Plant ﬂavonoids: classiﬁcation, distribution, biosynthesis, and antioxidant activity. Food Chem. 2022;383:132531. DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132531</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit41"><label>41</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shi H., Guan W., Shi Y., Wang S., Fan H., Yang J., Chen W., Zhang W., Sun D., Jing R. QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis of seed vigor-related traits during artiﬁcial aging in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Sci. Rep. 2020;10(1):22060. DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-75778-z</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shi H., Guan W., Shi Y., Wang S., Fan H., Yang J., Chen W., Zhang W., Sun D., Jing R. QTL mapping and candidate gene analysis of seed vigor-related traits during artiﬁcial aging in wheat (Triticum aestivum). Sci. Rep. 2020;10(1):22060. DOI 10.1038/s41598-020-75778-z</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit42"><label>42</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shvachko N.А., Khlestkina E.K. Molecular genetic bases of seed resistance to oxidative stress during storage. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2020; 24(5):451-458. DOI 10.18699/VJ20.47-o</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shvachko N.А., Khlestkina E.K. Molecular genetic bases of seed resistance to oxidative stress during storage. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2020; 24(5):451-458. DOI 10.18699/VJ20.47-o</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit43"><label>43</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Stegner M., Wagner J., Roach T. Antioxidant depletion during seed storage under ambient conditions. Seed Sci. Res. 2022;32(3):150-156. DOI 10.1017/s0960258522000101</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Stegner M., Wagner J., Roach T. Antioxidant depletion during seed storage under ambient conditions. Seed Sci. Res. 2022;32(3):150-156. DOI 10.1017/s0960258522000101</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit44"><label>44</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tereshchenko O.Y., Gordeeva E.I., Arbuzova V.S., Börner A., Khlestkina E. The D genome carries a gene determining purple grain colour in wheat. Cereal Res. Commun. 2012;40(3):334-341. DOI 10.1556/CRC.40.2012.3.2</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tereshchenko O.Y., Gordeeva E.I., Arbuzova V.S., Börner A., Khlestkina E. The D genome carries a gene determining purple grain colour in wheat. Cereal Res. Commun. 2012;40(3):334-341. DOI 10.1556/CRC.40.2012.3.2</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit45"><label>45</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waterworth W.M., Footitt S., Bray C.M., Finch-Savage W.E., West C.E. DNA damage checkpoint kinase ATM regulates germination and maintains genome stability in seeds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2016;113(34):9647-9652. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1608829113</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waterworth W.M., Footitt S., Bray C.M., Finch-Savage W.E., West C.E. DNA damage checkpoint kinase ATM regulates germination and maintains genome stability in seeds. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 2016;113(34):9647-9652. DOI 10.1073/pnas.1608829113</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit46"><label>46</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Waterworth W.M., Bray C.M., West C.E. Seeds and the art of genome maintenance. Front. Plant Sci. 2019;10:706. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2019.00706</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Waterworth W.M., Bray C.M., West C.E. Seeds and the art of genome maintenance. Front. Plant Sci. 2019;10:706. DOI 10.3389/fpls.2019.00706</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit47"><label>47</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wiebach J., Nagel M., Börner A., Altmann T., Riewe D. Age‐dependent loss of seed viability is associated with increased lipid oxidation and hydrolysis. Plant Cell Environ. 2020;43(2):303-314. DOI 10.1111/pce.13651</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wiebach J., Nagel M., Börner A., Altmann T., Riewe D. Age‐dependent loss of seed viability is associated with increased lipid oxidation and hydrolysis. Plant Cell Environ. 2020;43(2):303-314. DOI 10.1111/pce.13651</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit48"><label>48</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Yudina R.S., Gordeeva E.I., Shoeva O.Yu., Tikhonova M.A., Khlestkina E.K. Anthocyanins as functional food components. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2021;25(2):178-189. DOI 10.18699/VJ21.022 (in Russian)</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Yudina R.S., Gordeeva E.I., Shoeva O.Yu., Tikhonova M.A., Khlestkina E.K. Anthocyanins as functional food components. Vavilovskii Zhurnal Genetiki i Selektsii = Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding. 2021;25(2):178-189. DOI 10.18699/VJ21.022 (in Russian)</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit49"><label>49</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhang T., Ayed C., Fisk I.D., Pan T., Wang J., Yang N., Sun Q. Evaluation of volatile metabolites as potential markers to predict naturally-aged seed vigour by coupling rapid analytical proﬁling techniques with chemometrics. Food Chem. 2022;367:130760. DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130760</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhang T., Ayed C., Fisk I.D., Pan T., Wang J., Yang N., Sun Q. Evaluation of volatile metabolites as potential markers to predict naturally-aged seed vigour by coupling rapid analytical proﬁling techniques with chemometrics. Food Chem. 2022;367:130760. DOI 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130760</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit50"><label>50</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou G., Wu S., Chen D., Wu X., Cai Q. Polyphenols and phytohormones proﬁling of pre-harvest sprouting resistant and susceptible wheat genotypes. SN Appl. Sci. 2023;5:249. DOI 10.1007/s42452-023-05464-y</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou G., Wu S., Chen D., Wu X., Cai Q. Polyphenols and phytohormones proﬁling of pre-harvest sprouting resistant and susceptible wheat genotypes. SN Appl. Sci. 2023;5:249. DOI 10.1007/s42452-023-05464-y</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit51"><label>51</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Zhou W., Chen F., Luo X., Dai Y., Yang Y., Zheng C., Yang W., Shu K. A matter of life and death: molecular, physiological, and environmental regulation of seed longevity. Plant Cell Environ. 2020;43(2): 293-302. DOI 10.1111/pce.13666</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Zhou W., Chen F., Luo X., Dai Y., Yang Y., Zheng C., Yang W., Shu K. A matter of life and death: molecular, physiological, and environmental regulation of seed longevity. Plant Cell Environ. 2020;43(2): 293-302. DOI 10.1111/pce.13666</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
