vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-24-57vavilov-4232Research ArticleГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКАPLANT GENETICS AND BREEDINGИзучение влияния транслокации T2DL.2DS-2SS и замещения 5S(5D) от Aegilops speltoides на селекционно-ценные признаки мягкой пшеницыA study of the influence of the T2DL.2DS-2SS translocation and the 5S(5D) substitution from Aegilops speltoides on breeding-valuable traits of common wheathttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-6771-5161ДавоянР. О.DavoyanR. O.

Краснодар

Novosibirsk

davoyanro@mail.ruБебякинаИ. В.BebykinaI. V.

Краснодар

Novosibirsk

ДавоянЭ. Р.DavoyanE. R.

Краснодар

Novosibirsk

ЗинченкоА. Н.ZinchenkoA. N.

Краснодар

Novosibirsk

ЗубановаЮ. С.ZubanovaY. S.

Краснодар

Novosibirsk

БолдаковД. М.BoldakovD. M.

Краснодар

Novosibirsk

БасовВ. И.BasovV. I.

Краснодар

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7101-9639БадаеваЕ. Д.BadaevaE. D.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8460-6119АдонинаИ. Г.AdoninaI. G.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8590-847XСалинаЕ. А.SalinaE. A.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Национальный центр зерна им. П.П. ЛукьяненкоРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наукРоссияN.I. Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202402092024285506514Copyright © Давоян Р.О., Бебякина И.В., Давоян Э.Р., Зинченко А.Н., Зубанова Ю.С., Болдаков Д.М., Басов В.И., Бадаева Е.Д., Адонина И.Г., Салина Е.А., 20242024Давоян Р.О., Бебякина И.В., Давоян Э.Р., Зинченко А.Н., Зубанова Ю.С., Болдаков Д.М., Басов В.И., Бадаева Е.Д., Адонина И.Г., Салина Е.А.Davoyan R.O., Bebykina I.V., Davoyan E.R., Zinchenko A.N., Zubanova Y.S., Boldakov D.M., Basov V.I., Badaeva E.D., Adonina I.G., Salina E.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4232

Использование генофонда диких сородичей для расширения генетического разнообразия мягкой пшеницы является актуальным направлением селекции. Однако практическое применение линий мягкой пшеницы с чужеродным генетическим материалом сдерживается ввиду отсутствия информации о хромосомных перестройках и их влиянии на важные хозяйственные признаки. Целью настоящей работы было изучение 14 интрогрессивных линий с транслокацией T2DL.2DS-2SS и замещением 5S(5D) от Aegilops speltoides, полученных от скрещивания сортов мягкой пшеницы Аврора, Краснодарская 99, Ника Кубани с геномно-замещенной синтетической формой Авродес (BBAASS). Гибридные линии с различным сочетанием транслокаций T2DL.2DS-2SS и T1BL.1RS и замещения 5S(5D) были охарактеризованы по устойчивости к листовой и желтой ржавчинам, компонентам продуктивности и технологическим качествам зерна. Оценка устойчивости сортов к ржавчинным болезням показала, что Краснодарская 99, Ника Кубани и сорт Аврора (носитель транслокации T1BL.1RS) высоковосприимчивы к болезням, тогда как наличие транслокации T2DL.2DS-2SS и замещения 5S(5D) как совместно, так и по отдельности обеспечивает устойчивость линий к грибным патогенам. Анализ линий с помощью маркеров, разработанных для известных генов устойчивости от Ae. speltoides, не выявил в линиях присутствия генов Lr28, Lr35 и Lr51. Полученные результаты позволяют предположить, что генетический материал Ae. speltoides в хромосомах 2D и 5D содержит новые гены устойчивости. Для определения влияния транслокации T2DL.2DS-2SS и замещения 5S(5D) на продуктивность и технологические качества зерна проведено изучение линий по массе 1000 зерен, массе зерна и количеству колосьев с 1 м2, содержанию белка и клейковины, качеству клейковины и общей хлебопекарной оценке. Установлен положительный эффект по массе 1000 зерен, содержанию белка и клейковины. По остальным признакам существенных различий не найдено. Транслокация T2DL.2DS-2SS и замещение 5S(5D) не оказывают негативного влияния на продуктивность и технологические качества зерна и представляют интерес для селекционной практики.

The use of the gene pool of wild relatives for expanding the genetic diversity of common wheat is an important task of breeding programs. However, the practical application of common wheat lines with alien genetic material is constrained by the lack of information on chromosomal rearrangements and the negative impact of the transferred material on agronomically important traits. This research is aimed at studying 14 introgression lines with the T2DL.2DS-2SS translocation and the 5S(5D) substitution from Aegilops speltoides obtained from crossing common wheat varieties (Aurora, Krasnodarskaya 99, Nika Kubani) with the genome-substituted form Avrodes (BBAASS). Hybrid lines with different combinations of T2DL.2DS-2SS and T1BL.1RS translocations and 5S(5D) substitution were characterized by resistance to leaf and yellow rusts, productivity components and technological qualities of grain. The assessment of the varieties’ resistance to rust diseases showed that Krasnodarskaya 99, Nika Kubani and the Aurora variety, which is a carrier of the T1BL.1RS translocation, are highly susceptible to diseases, while the presence of the T2DL.2DS-2SS translocation and the 5S(5D) substitution, both together and separately, provides resistance to fungal pathogens. The analysis of the lines using markers designed for known resistance genes of Ae. speltoides did not reveal the presence of the Lr28, Lr35 and Lr51 genes in the lines. The results suggest that the genetic material of Ae. speltoides transferred to chromosomes 2D and 5D contains new resistance genes. To determine the effect of the T2DL.2DS-2SS translocation and the 5S(5D) substitution on the productivity and technological qualities of grain, the lines were assessed by weight of 1000 grains, grain weight and number of ears per 1 m2, by protein and gluten content, gluten quality and general baking evaluation. A positive effect was determined upon the weight of 1000 grains, protein and gluten content. There were no significant differences in other characteristics. The T2DL.2DS-2SS trans-location and the 5S(5D) substitution did not have a negative effect on the productivity and technological quality of grain, and are of interest for breeding practice.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.