vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-24-58vavilov-4233Research ArticleГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКАPLANT GENETICS AND BREEDINGИдентификация количественных локусов признака растрескивания бобов в коллекции сои, выращенной на юго-востоке КазахстанаIdentification of quantitative trait loci of pod dehiscence in a collection of soybean grown in the southeast of Kazakhstanhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-5085-7657ДосжановаБ. Н.DoszhanovaB. N.

Алматы

Almaty

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4310-5753ЗатыбековА. К.ZatybekovA. K.

Алматы

Almaty

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2223-0718ДидоренкоС. В.DidorenkoS. V.

пос. Алмалыбак, Алматинская область

Almalybak, Almaty region

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8325-5791СузукиТ.SuzukiT.

Саппоро

Sapporo

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2510-4220ЯмашитаЙ.YamashitaY.

Саппоро

Sapporo

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8590-1745ТуруспековЕ. К.TuruspekovY.

Алматы

Almaty

yerlant@yahoo.comИнститут биологии и биотехнологии растений; Казахский национальный университет им. аль-ФарабиКазахстанInstitute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology; Al-Farabi Kazakh National UniversityKazakhstanИнститут биологии и биотехнологии растенийКазахстанInstitute of Plant Biology and BiotechnologyKazakhstanКазахский научно-исследовательский институт земледелия и растениеводстваКазахстанKazakh Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant GrowingKazakhstanНаучно-исследовательская организация ХоккайдоЯпонияHokkaido Research OrganizationJapan202402092024285515522Copyright © Досжанова Б.Н., Затыбеков А.К., Дидоренко С.В., Сузуки Т., Ямашита Й., Туруспеков Е.К., 20242024Досжанова Б.Н., Затыбеков А.К., Дидоренко С.В., Сузуки Т., Ямашита Й., Туруспеков Е.К.Doszhanova B.N., Zatybekov A.K., Didorenko S.V., Suzuki T., Yamashita Y., Turuspekov Y.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4233

Соя [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] – одна из важнейших сельскохозяйственных культур, площади которой в Казахстане постоянно увеличиваются. Особенно эта культура значима в южных и юго-восточных регионах страны, которые являются основными регионами выращивания сои. К негативным факторам, влияющим на урожайность сои в засушливых районах, относится растрескивание стручков. Поэтому понимание генетического механизма растрескиваемости стручков сои важно для выведения новых высокоурожайных сортов. В настоящем исследовании мы изучили 273 сорта и линии сои из разных регионов мира на устойчивость к растрескиваемости в условиях Южного Казахстана в 2019 и 2021 гг. Наблюдения за признаком «растрескиваемость стручков сои» в полевых условиях Алматинской области выявили, что в 2019 г. растрескиванию были подвержены 23 сорта, в 2021 г. – 21 сорт. Двенадцать сортов сои повторно подвергались растрескиванию в оба года эксперимента. Согласно средним данным испытаний, всего подвержены растрескиванию 32 сорта сои. При генотипировании коллекции с использованием ДНК-маркера гена Pdh1, основного гена растрескиваемости стручков сои, у 244 образцов был выявлен устойчивый аллель, у 14 образцов – восприимчивый, а 15 образцов обладали гетерозиготностью. Для идентификации дополнительных локусов количественных признаков (quantitative trait locus, QTL) мы применили полногеномный анализ с использованием 6 тысяч SNP-маркеров на основе чипа 6K SNP Illumina iSelect. В дополнение к основному QTL на хромосоме 16, связанному с физическим расположением гена Pdh1, были идентифицированы два минорных QTL на хромосомах 10 и 13. Оба минорных локуса ассоциированы с растрескиванием стручков сои и связаны с кальмодулин-связывающим белком, который, вероятно, играет важную роль в регулировании растрескиваемости стручков сои в засушливых регионах. Таким образом, нами получена дополнительная информация о регуляции растрескиваемости в сое. Идентифицированные QTL для признака «растрескиваемость стручков сои» могут быть эффективно использованы при селекции высокоурожайных сортов сои.

Soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] is one of the important crops that are constantly increasing their cultivation area in Kazakhstan. It is particularly significant in the southeastern regions of the country, which are currently predominant areas for cultivating this crop. One negative trait reducing yield in these dry areas is pod dehiscence (PD). Therefore, it is essential to understand the genetic control of PD to breed new cultivars with high yield potential. In this study, we evaluated 273 soybean accessions from different regions of the world for PD resistance in the conditions of southeastern regions of Kazakhstan in 2019 and 2021. The field data for PD suggested that 12 accessions were susceptible to PD in both studied years, and 32 accessions, in one of the two studied years. The genotyping of the collection using a DNA marker for the Pdh1 gene, a major gene for PD, revealed that 244 accessions had the homozygous R (resistant) allele, 14 had the homozygous S (susceptible) allele, and 15 accessions showed heterozygosity. To identify additional quantitative trait loci (QTLs), we applied an association mapping study using a 6K SNP Illumina iSelect array. The results suggested that in addition to major QTL on chromosome 16, linked to the physical location of Pdh1, two minor QTLs were identified on chromosomes 10 and 13. Both minor QTLs for PD were associated with calmodulin-binding protein, which presumably plays an important role in regulating PD in dry areas. Thus, the current study provided additional insight into PD regulation in soybean. The identified QTLs for PD can be efficiently employed in breeding for high-yield soybean cultivars.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.