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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-24-59</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4234</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕНОМИКА И ТРАНСКРИПТОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>PLANT GENETICS AND BREEDING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Перспективы биообогащения пшеницы минералами: классическая селекция и агрономия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Prospects for mineral biofortification of wheat: classical breeding and agronomy</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6516-0545</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Леонова</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Leonova</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">leonova@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7714-5609</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агеева</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ageeva</surname><given-names>E. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>р.п. Краснообск, Новосибирская область</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шумный</surname><given-names>В. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shumny</surname><given-names>V. K.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства и селекции – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2024</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>02</day><month>09</month><year>2024</year></pub-date><volume>28</volume><issue>5</issue><fpage>523</fpage><lpage>535</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Леонова И.Н., Агеева Е.В., Шумный В.К., 2024</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2024</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Леонова И.Н., Агеева Е.В., Шумный В.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Leonova I.N., Ageeva E.V., Shumny V.K.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4234">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4234</self-uri><abstract><p>Недостаток потребления микро- и макроэлементов и витаминов в продуктах питания, который затрагивает более двух миллиардов человек на земном шаре, негативно сказывается на здоровье и приводит к развитию хронических заболеваний. Одним из источников полезных нутриентов является пшеница, которая обеспечивает пищевой энергией большинство населения мира. Создание современных высокоурожайных сортов привело к значительному обеднению минерального состава зерна и сокращению потребления минералов через продукты питания. Биофортификация – активно развивающееся направление, основной целью которого является улучшение питательных качеств сельскохозяйственных культур с помощью комплекса классических и современных методов. К числу основных технологий, используемых в программах биофортификации пшеницы, можно отнести традиционную селекцию, включающую методы гибридизации и отбора, современную селекцию с дополнительным привлечением методов картирования генов/QTL и биоинформатического анализа, трансгенез, мутагенез и геномное редактирование. Успехи в создании биообогащенных сортов были достигнуты в рамках различных международных программ, финансируемых HarvestPlus, CIMMYT, ICARDA, с помощью традиционной селекции и агрономических методов. Несмотря на перспективность методов трансгенеза и геномного редактирования для создания биообогащенных культур, они требуют значительных инвестиционных вложений и трудозатратны, поэтому данные технологии применительно к пшенице находятся в стадии разработки и не имеют пока практического выхода. В последние годы интерес к биообогащению пшеницы возрос в связи с успехами в области картирования генов и QTL для хозяйственно важных признаков. Разработка новых маркеров на основе результатов секвенирования генома пшеницы и привлечение биоинформатических методов анализа (GWAS, meta-QTL) расширили информацию по контролю признаков, определяющих содержание минералов в зерне, и выявили ключевые гены-кандидаты. В данном обзоре описано современное состояние исследований в области генетической биофортификации пшеницы в мире и в России. Приведены сведения об использовании гермоплазмы культурных и дикорастущих родственников для расширения генетического разнообразия современных сортов пшеницы.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Low intake of micro- and macroelements and vitamins in food negatively aﬀects the health of more than two billion people around the world provoking chronic diseases. For the majority of the world’s population, these are soft and durum wheats that provide beneficial nutrients, however their modern high-yielding varieties have a significantly depleted grain mineral composition that have reduced mineral intake through food. Biofortification is a new research trend, whose main goal is to improve the nutritional qualities of agricultural crops using a set of classical (hybridization and selection) methods as well and the modern ones employing gene/QTL mapping, bioinformatic analysis, transgenesis, mutagenesis and genome editing. Using the classical breeding methods, biofortified varieties have been bred as a part of various international programs funded by HarvestPlus, CIMMYT, ICARDA. Despite the promise of transgenesis and genome editing, these labor-intensive methods require significant investments, so these technologies, when applied to wheat, are still at the development stage and cannot be applied routinely. In recent years, the interest in wheat biofortification has increased due to the advances in mapping genes and QTLs for agronomically important traits. The new markers obtained from wheat genome sequencing and application of bioinformatic methods (GWAS, meta-QTL analysis) has expanded our knowledge on the traits that determine the grain mineral concentration and has identified the key gene candidates. This review describes the current research on genetic biofortification of wheat in the world and in Russia and provides information on the use of cultivated and wild-relative germplasms to expand the genetic diversity of modern wheat varieties.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>пшеница</kwd><kwd>микроэлементы</kwd><kwd>макроэлементы</kwd><kwd>селекция</kwd><kwd>агрономия</kwd><kwd>биофортификация</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>wheat</kwd><kwd>microelements</kwd><kwd>macroelements</kwd><kwd>breeding</kwd><kwd>agronomy</kwd><kwd>biofortification</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The review was prepared with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 23-16-00041, https://rscf.ru/project/23-16-00041/).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ali A.A.H. 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