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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ15.052</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-426</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОГЕНЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HIGH-THROUGHPUT PHENOTYPING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Репродуктивные эффекты нокаута гена фактора некроза опухолей (TNF) у мышей</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Reproductive effects of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) deficiency in mice</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Масленникова</surname><given-names>С. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Maslennikova</surname><given-names>S. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Концевая</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kontsevaya</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Золотых</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zolotykh</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Анисимова</surname><given-names>М. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Anisimova</surname><given-names>M. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Феофанова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Feofanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мошкин</surname><given-names>М. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Moshkin</surname><given-names>M. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Недоспасов</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nedospasov</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герлинская</surname><given-names>Л. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerlinskaya</surname><given-names>L. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">lgerlinskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Институт молекулярной биологии им. Энгельгардта, Москва, Россия&#13;
Московский государственный университет им. Ломоносова, Москва, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia&#13;
Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>11</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>404</fpage><lpage>409</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Масленникова С.О., Концевая Г.В., Золотых М.А., Анисимова М.В., Феофанова Н.А., Мошкин М.П., Недоспасов С.А., Герлинская Л.А., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Масленникова С.О., Концевая Г.В., Золотых М.А., Анисимова М.В., Феофанова Н.А., Мошкин М.П., Недоспасов С.А., Герлинская Л.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Maslennikova S.O., Kontsevaya G.V., Zolotykh M.A., Anisimova M.V., Feofanova N.A., Moshkin M.P., Nedospasov S.A., Gerlinskaya L.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/426">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/426</self-uri><abstract><p>Фактор некроза опухолей (TNF) является мультифункциональным цитокином, который играет важную роль в гомеостазе. При повышенных концентрациях этот цитокин может вызывать различные патофизиологические процессы, в частности негативно влиять и на разные звенья репродуктивного процесса. В физиологических концентрациях TNF обеспечивает поддержание баланса между апоптозом и выживаемостью мужских гамет. Широкое применение системной блокировки TNF при лечении ряда аутоиммунных заболеваний ставит вопрос о возможных последствиях такой терапии для репродуктивных функций человека. В данной работе у мышей с нокаутом TNF (TNF-/-) были исследованы: поведенческие взаимодействия самцов с самками, сперматогенез, фертильная эффективность самцов и особенности эмбрионального развития потомков. Результаты репродуктивного фенотипирования мышей с нокаутом гена TNF показали, что данный цитокин вовлечен в регуляцию полового поведения, сперматогенеза, пре- и постимплантационного развития потомков. Полный генетический нокаут гена TNF снижает репродуктивную эффективность мышей, что выражается в меньшем числе жизнеспособных эмбрионов при внутрилинейных скрещиваниях особей TNF-/- по сравнению с таковыми при скрещиваниях животных дикого типа TNF+/+. Причиной меньшей плодовитости является увеличение доимплатационных эмбриональных потерь при внутрилинейных скрещиваниях мышей линии TNF-/-. В свою оче­редь доимплантационные потери у самок TNF-/- могут быть обусловлены азоспермией у самцов этого генотипа. Кроме того, исследованные генотипы различаются по чувствительности репродуктивной функции к стимулирующему влиянию самок. Взаимодействие с самками увеличивало концентрацию сперматозоидов в эпидидимисах самцов обеих генетических линий, при­чем наиболее выраженно – у особей с нокаутом по гену TNF, что приводило к увеличению в эпидидимисах незрелых форм сперма­тозоидов. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о том, что сниженная экспрессия TNF может быть одной из причин бесплодия, а также указывают на возможные механизмы этого явления.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>TNF is a multifunctional cytokine that, at physiological concentrations, maintains the balance between apoptosis and survival of male germ cells and, at higher concentrations, has adverse effects on various stages of the reproductive process. Although ant-cytokine therapies have been used in millions of patients, the consequences of cytokine deficiency for reproductive functions are poorly understood and need attention. In this work, we have studied behavioral interactions between males and females, spermatogenesis, male fertility, and embryonic developmental characteristics of the progeny in TNFα knockout mice (TNF-/-). We have demonstrated that TNF is involved in the regulation of sexual behavior, spermatogenesis, pre- and postimplantation development. Complete TNF deficiency led to decreased reproductive efficiency: a lower number of viable embryos were observed in TNF-/- mice than in wild-type mice. The decrease in fertility was caused by preimplantation embryo loss in TNF-/- mice. Preimplantation loss in females might be caused by asospermia in TNF-/- males. Additionally, the sensitivity of reproductive functions to female stimuli was different between TNF-/- mice and wild-type mice, while interactions with females increased the concentrations of sper­matozoids in both TNF-/- and wild-type mice. Still higher levels were observed in knockout animals, which led to increase in the number of immature spermatozoids in epididymides.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фактор некроза опухоли (TNF)</kwd><kwd>мыши с нокаутом TNF</kwd><kwd>сперматогенез</kwd><kwd>пре- и постнатальное развитие потомков</kwd><kwd>половое поведение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)</kwd><kwd>TNF knockout mice</kwd><kwd>spermatogenesis</kwd><kwd>pre- and postnatal development</kwd><kwd>sexual behavior</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Минобр­науки России, РФФИ, Президиум РАН</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Астраханцева И.В., Ефимов Г.А., Друц­кая М.С., Круглов А.А., Недоспасов С.А. Современная антицитокиновая терапия аутоиммунных заболеваний. 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