vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-24-67vavilov-4288Research ArticleГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ И БИОКОЛЛЕКЦИИPLANT GENETICSНовый ген опушения листа Hl1th, интрогрессированный в мягкую пшеницу от Thinopyrum ponticum, и его фенотипическое проявление при гомеологичных хромосомных замещенияхA new leaf pubescence gene, Hl1th, introgressed into bread wheat from Thinopyrum ponticum and its phenotypic manifestation under homoeologous chromosomal substitutionshttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-6708-3822СимоновА. В.SimonovA. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

sialexander@bionet.nsc.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3166-7409ГордееваЕ. И.GordeevaE. I.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7607-4151ГенаевМ. А.GenaevM. A.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0009-0001-4744-5002ЛиВ.LiW.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

БулатовИ. О.BulatovI. O.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5639-916XПшеничниковаТ. А.PshenichnikovaT. A.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университетРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Новосибирский государственный аграрный университетРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State Agrarian UniversityRussian Federation202408102024286602609Copyright © Симонов А.В., Гордеева Е.И., Генаев М.А., Ли В., Булатов И.О., Пшеничникова Т.А., 20242024Симонов А.В., Гордеева Е.И., Генаев М.А., Ли В., Булатов И.О., Пшеничникова Т.А.Simonov A.V., Gordeeva E.I., Genaev M.A., Li W., Bulatov I.O., Pshenichnikova T.A.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4288

На основе сорта яровой мягкой пшеницы Саратовская 29 (С29) были созданы голубозерные линии C29_4Th(4B) и C29_4Th(4D) с соответствующим замещением хромосом 4B и 4D хромосомой 4Th от пырея вида Thinopyrum ponticum. У этих линий опушение листа отличается от реципиента и различается между собой, в связи с чем нами проведено исследование эффекта замещений на проявление данного признака. Для количественной оценки опушения была применена программа LHDetect2, определяющая длину и число трихом на микрофотографиях. Опушение листа у сорта С29 определяется главным геном Hl1 в хромосоме 4B и еще одним геном со слабым эффектом с неизвестной хромосомной локализацией. Их взаимодействие приводит к формированию трихом длиной до 300 мкм. Замещение пары хромосом 4B на пару хромосом 4Th пырея модифицирует опушение листа у линии C29_4Th(4B). Характерное для сорта С29 опушение листа у линии C29_4Th(4B) становится реже, при этом образуются трихомы длиной до 600–700 мкм. Замещение гена Hl1 на Hl1th у линии C29_4Th(4B) также подтверждается аллельным состоянием сцепленного с геном Hl1 микросателлитного маркера Xgwm538. Нами была описана модификация опушения у замещенной линии C29_4Th(4D), где произошло замещение пары хромосом 4D, не содержащей гена опушения. Экспрессирующиеся совместно гены Hl1 и Hl1th у линии C29_4Th(4D) в хромосомах 4B и 4Th соответственно, формируют трихомы длиной более 400 мкм. Однако в таком генотипе снижается средняя длина трихом в сравнении с реципиентом. Таким образом, в результате проведенных исследований идентифицирован новый ген опушения листа, интрогрессированный из вида Th. ponticum в мягкую пшеницу, который мы обозначили как Hl1th. Для ведения отбора мы предлагаем использовать находящиеся в открытом доступе информативные микросателлитные маркеры Xgwm538 и Xgwm165, позволяющие различать хромосомы 4A, 4B, 4D и 4Th. 

Blue-grain lines were created on the basis of the spring bread wheat variety Saratovskaya 29 (S29) with chromosome 4B or 4D replaced with chromosome 4Th from Thinopyrum ponticum. The leaf pubescence of the two lines differs from S29 and from each other. In this work, we studied the effect of these substitutions on the manifestation of this trait. To quantify pubescence, the LHDetect2 program was used to determine trichome length and number on the leaf fold microphotographs. The key gene Hl1 on chromosome 4B and another unidentified gene with a weak effect determine the leaf pubescence of the recipient S29. Their interaction leads to the formation of trichomes of up to 300 microns in length. Replacement of both copies of chromosome 4B with two copies of wheatgrass chromosome 4Th modifies leaf pubescence in line S29_4Th(4B) so that the leaf pubescence characteristic of S29 becomes more sparse, and trichomes of up to 600–700  µm in length are formed. Additionally, we described modification of pubescence in the substitution line S29_4Th(4D) where chromosome 4D that does not carry any pubescence gene was replaced. Under this substitution, trichomes of up to 400 µm in length were formed and the average length of trichomes on the underside of the leaf was reduced. The replacement of the Hl1 gene in the lines was also confirmed by the allelic state of the linked microsatellite marker Xgwm538. Thus, as a result of the studies, a new leaf pubescence gene introgressed from Th. ponticum into bread wheat was identified. We designated it as Hl1th. For the purpose of selection, we propose to use the unlicensed informative microsatellite markers Xgwm538 and Xgwm165, allowing chromosomes 4A, 4B, 4D and 4Th to be distinguished. 

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