vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/VJ15.055vavilov-429Research ArticleФИЛОГЕНЕТИКАHIGH-THROUGHPUT PHENOTYPINGИсследование методом функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии нейрональной реакции на запаховые стимулы у контрольных и ЛПС-стимулированных мышейStudy of the neuronal response to olfactory stimuli in control and LPS-stimulated mice by functional magnetic resonance imagingАкуловА. Е.AkulovA. E.akulov_ae@ngs.ruРомащенкоА. В.RomashchenkoA. V.ШевелевО. Б.ShevelevO. B.ПетровскийД. В.PetrovskiD. V.СавеловА. А.SavelovA. A.МошкинМ. П.MoshkinM. P.mmp@bionet.nsc.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, РоссияРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение Институт «Международный томографический центр Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, РоссияРоссияInternational Tomography Center SB RAS, Novosibirsk, RussiaRussian Federation201501122015194420426Copyright © Акулов А.Е., Ромащенко А.В., Шевелев О.Б., Петровский Д.В., Савелов А.А., Мошкин М.П., 20152015Акулов А.Е., Ромащенко А.В., Шевелев О.Б., Петровский Д.В., Савелов А.А., Мошкин М.П.Akulov A.E., Romashchenko A.V., Shevelev O.B., Petrovski D.V., Savelov A.A., Moshkin M.P.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/429

Обонятельная рецепция является одним из важнейших механизмов взаимодействия организма с окружающей средой. У животных с ночной активностью, к которым относятся мыши, первичное восприятие и вторичная переработка запаховых стимулов позволяют ориентироваться в социальной среде, избегать хищников и отвергать опасные кормовые объекты. Эффективность обонятельной перцепции варьирует в зависимости от физиологического состояния организма, в частности она может изменяться при активации механизмов иммунной защиты. В данной работе методом функциональной магнитно-резонансной томографии (фМРТ) исследовано влияние активации врожденного иммунитета на нейрональную реакцию при восприятии и дифференцировке социально значимых (2,5-диметилпиразин, 2-гептанон) и социально незначимых (1-гексанол и изопрен) запаховых стимулов мышами линии CD1. Для стимуляции механизмов врожденного иммунитета подопытным животным за три часа до помещения в томограф внутрибрюшинно вводили бактериальный липополисахарид (ЛПС) в дозе 500 мкг/кг. Томографическое исследование выполняли на животных, находящихся под уретановым наркозом. Запаховую стимуляцию выполняли с помощью разработанной в лаборатории установки для дозированной подачи летучих органических соединений. Подача ольфакторных стимулов вызывала активацию нейронов в центрах первичного восприятия и вторичной обработки запаховой информации. Тип запахового стимула влиял на величину нейрональной реакции в обонятельной луковице, но не влиял на параметры ответа в других исследованных областях мозга. Активация врожденного иммунитета приводила к увеличению площади нейронального отклика как в обонятельной луковице – центре первичного реагирования, так и в областях вторичной обработки запаховой информации. Повышение нейрональной активности может иметь адаптивное значение как механизм, обеспечивающий рост обонятельной чувствительности, которая играет ключевую роль в идентификации потенциальных источников заражения.

Olfactory perception plays the key role in the inter­action of animals with biotic factors of the species-specific econiche. Identification of odorants informs nocturnal animals about social environment, presence of predators, or infected food. Olfactory efficiency depends on physiological conditions; in particular, odor sensitivity can be changed by infection. This work considers use of fMRI in the study of the influence of innate immunity activation on neuronal response during perception and differentiation of socially significant (2.5-dimethylpyrazine, 2-heptanon) and socially insignificant (1-hexanol and isoprene) olfactory stimuli by CD-1 mice. We stimulated innate immunity by intraperitoneal injection of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at the dose 500 µg/kg three hours before tomography. Urethane anesthesia was used during MRI trail. Odor stimulation was done with a lab-made metering unit for supplying standard doses of volatile organic compounds. The supply of olfactory stimuli induced activation of neurons in the primary perceptual center and the centers of secondary processing of olfactory information. Olfactory stimulus type affected neuronal response rate in an olfactory bulb but did not affect response parameters in other brain regions studied. This increase in neuronal activity is likely to be of adaptive significance as a mechanism supporting olfactory sensitivity increase, which plays the key role in the identification of potential sources of infection.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.