vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-24-69vavilov-4290Research ArticleГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ РЕСУРСЫ И БИОКОЛЛЕКЦИИPLANT GENETICSСодержание метаболитов и профиль экспрессии генов соответствующих метаболических путей в контрастных по окраске плодах баклажана (Solanum melongena L.)Metabolite concentrations and the expression profiles of the corresponding metabolic pathway genes in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) fruits of contrasting colorshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3668-7601ФилюшинМ. А.FilyushinM. A.

Москва

Moscow

michel7753@mail.ruДжосЕ. А.DzhosE. A.

 Москва; пос. ВНИИССОК, Московская область

Moscow; VNIISSOK village, Moscow region

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4692-3727ЩенниковаА. В.ShchennikovaA. V.

Москва

Moscow

КочиеваЕ. З.KochievaE. Z.

Москва

Moscow

Федеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» Российской академии наукРоссияFederal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр «Фундаментальные основы биотехнологии» Российской академии наук; Федеральный научный центр овощеводстваРоссияFederal Research Centre “Fundamentals of Biotechnology” of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Federal Scientific Vegetable CenterRussian Federation202408102024286619627Copyright © Филюшин М.А., Джос Е.А., Щенникова А.В., Кочиева Е.З., 20242024Филюшин М.А., Джос Е.А., Щенникова А.В., Кочиева Е.З.Filyushin M.A., Dzhos E.A., Shchennikova A.V., Kochieva E.Z.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4290

Баклажан (Solanum melongena L.) занимает пятое место по значимости среди овощных культур семейства Пасленовых, в том числе благодаря антиоксидантным свойствам плода за счет высокого содержания различных фенольных соединений. Наряду с популярными фиолетовоплодными сортами S. melongena имеются сорта, плоды которых синтезируют фенольные соединения, однако характеризуются белой окраской из-за от сутствия биосинтеза антоцианов. Определение количества антоцианов и других фенольных соединений, а также каротиноидов и сахаров входит в оценку качества плодов баклажана коммерческой (технической) спелости. Кроме антиоксидантных и вкусовых качеств, эти метаболиты связаны с устойчивостью плода к различным стрессовым факторам. В данном исследовании проведен сравнительный анализ содержания антоцианов, каротиноидов и растворимых сахаров (сахарозы, глюкозы, фруктозы) в кожице и мякоти плода как технической, так и биологической спелости у фиолетовоплодного (сорт Влас) и белоплодного (сорт Снежный) образцов баклажана отечественной селекции. Кожица и мякоть плода биологической спелости сортов Влас и Снежный были использованы для сравнительного транскриптомного анализа. Показано, что ключевые гены флавоноидного пути, метаболизма каротиноидов, гидролиза сахарозы, а также транспорта растворимых сахаров дифференциально экспрессируются между тканями плода как внутри каждого сорта, так и между сортами. Подтверждена связь фиолетовой окраски кожицы плода сорта Влас с присутствием значительных количеств антоцианов. Определено, что в сравнении с сортом Снежный спелый плод сорта Влас характеризуется существенно более низким уровнем экспрессии генов биосинтеза флавоноидов. Однако у обоих сортов в спелом плоде не выявлены транскрипты генов биосинтеза антоцианов (DFR, ANS, UFGT). Также показано, что в сравнении с белым плодом сорта Снежный фиолетовый плод сорта Влас накапливает больше каротиноидов и сахарозы и меньше глюкозы и фруктозы. Биохимические данные соответствуют профилю дифференциальной экспрессии ключевых генов, кодирующих структурные белки метаболизма и транспорта анализируемых соединений. 

Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.) ranks fifth in importance among vegetable crops of the Solanaceae family, in part due to the high antioxidant properties and polyphenol content of the fruit. Along with the popular purplefruited varieties of S. melongena, there are cultivars, the fruits of which are rich in phenolic compounds, but are whitecolored due to the lack of anthocyanin biosynthesis. Determination of the amount of anthocyanins and other phenolic compounds, as well as carotenoids and sugars, is included in the assessment of the quality of eggplant fruits of commercial (technical) ripeness. In addition to antioxidant and taste properties, these metabolites are associated with fruit resistance to various stress factors. In this study, a comparative analysis of the content of anthocyanins, carotenoids and soluble sugars (sucrose, glucose, fructose) in the peel and pulp of the fruit of both technical and biological ripeness was carried out in purple-fruited (cv. Vlas) and white-fruited (cv. Snezhny) eggplant accessions of domestic selection. The peel and pulp of biologically ripe fruits of the cvs Vlas and Snezhny were used for comparative transcriptomic analysis. The key genes of the flavonoid and carotenoid metabolism, sucrose hydrolysis, and soluble sugar transport were shown to be differentially expressed between fruit tissues, both within each cultivar and between them. It has been confirmed that the purple color of the peel of the cv. Vlas fruit is due to substantial amounts of anthocyanins. Flavonoid biosynthesis genes showed a significantly lower expression level in the ripe fruit of the cv. Vlas in comparison with the cv. Snezhny. However, in both cultivars, transcripts of anthocyanin biosynthesis genes (DFR, ANS, UFGT) were not detected. Additionally, the purple fruit of the cv. Vlas accumulated more carotenoids and sucrose and less glucose and fructose than the white fruit of the cv. Snezhny. Biochemical data corresponded to the differential expression pattern of the key genes encoding the structural proteins of metabolism and transport of the compounds analyzed. 

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.