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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/VJ15.059</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-434</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОГЕНЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HIGH-THROUGHPUT PHENOTYPING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменения транскриптома префронтальной коры мозга при развитии признаков болезни Альцгеймера у крыс OXYS</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the transcriptome of the prefrontal cortex of OXYS rats as the signs of Alzheimer’s disease development</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Стефанова</surname><given-names>Н. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Stefanova</surname><given-names>N. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корболина</surname><given-names>Е. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korbolina</surname><given-names>E. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ершов</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ershov</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рогаев</surname><given-names>Е. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rogaev</surname><given-names>E. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колосова</surname><given-names>Н. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolosova</surname><given-names>N. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kolosova@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральное государственное бюджетное научное учреждение «Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук», Новосибирск, Россия&#13;
Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет», Новосибирск, Россия<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS, Novosibirsk, Russia&#13;
Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>01</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>445</fpage><lpage>454</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Стефанова Н.А., Корболина Е.Е., Ершов Н.И., Рогаев Е.И., Колосова Н.Г., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Стефанова Н.А., Корболина Е.Е., Ершов Н.И., Рогаев Е.И., Колосова Н.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Stefanova N.A., Korbolina E.E., Ershov N.I., Rogaev E.I., Kolosova N.G.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/434">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/434</self-uri><abstract><p>Болезнь Альцгеймера (БА) – самое распространенное нейро­де­генеративное заболевание, которое становится причиной деменции на фоне атрофических изменений мозга. Заболеваемость БА растет по мере увеличения продолжительности жизни и постарения населения развитых стран. Эффективных методов профилактики БА нет, что обуслов­лено неполнотой знаний патогенеза заболевания и отсутствием его адекватных биологических моделей. Недавно мы показали, что перспективной моделью БА являются прежде­временно стареющие крысы OXYS, ускоренное старение мозга которых происходит на фоне характерных признаков заболе­вания: дегенеративных изменений и гибели нейронов, снижения плотности синапсов, дисфункции митохондрий, гиперфосфорилирования тау-белка, повышения уровня амилоида бета (Aβ1–42) и образования амилоидных бляшек. Выясняя природу их раз­вития, в настоящей работе исследовали методом RNA-seq транскриптом префронтальной коры мозга крыс OXYS в период манифестации признаков БА (возраст 5 мес.) и их активной прогрессии (возраст 18 мес.), используя в качестве контроля одновозрастных крыс Вистар. У крыс OXYS и Вистар в возрасте 5 мес. в префронтальной коре мозга значимо (p &lt; 0,01) различался уровень мРНК более 900 генов, в возрасте 18 мес. – более 2000 генов, основная часть которых связана с нейрональной пластичностью, фосфорилированием белка, Са2+ гомеостазом, гипоксией, иммунными процессами и апоптозом. В возрастной период с 5 до 18 мес. у крыс Вистар изменялась экспрессия 499 генов, у крыс OXYS – более 5500 генов. Из них только 333 гена были общими для крыс OXYS и Вистар, что свидетельствует о различиях в механизмах и скорости возрастных изменений мозга при нормальном темпе старения и развитии характер­ных для БА нейродегенеративных процессов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most prevalent neuro­degenerative disease. It produces atrophic changes in the brain, which cause dementia. The incidence of AD is increasing with increasing life expectancy and gradual aging of the population in developed countries. There are no effective prophylactic inter­ventions because of insufficient understanding of the AD pathogenesis and the absence of adequate experimental models. Recently, we showed that senescence-accelerated OXYS rats represent a promis­ing model of AD; in these rats, accelerated aging of the brain is accompanied by the typical signs of AD: degenerative alterations and death of neurons, a de­crease in synaptic density, mitochondrial dysfunction, hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein, an increased level of amyloid β (Aβ1–42), and the formation of amyloid plaques. To elucidate how these signs develop, we used a nextgeneration RNA sequencing technique (RNA-Seq) to study the prefron­tal-cortex transcriptome of OXYS rats during the manifestation of AD signs (at an age of 5 months) and during their active progres­sion (at an age of 18 months), using age-matched Wistar rats (parental strain) as controls. At the age of 5 months, there were significant differences between OXYS and Wistar rats (p &lt; 0.01) in the mRNA expression of more than 900 genes (&gt; 2000 genes at the age of 18 months) in the prefrontal cortex. Most of these genes were related to neuronal plasticity, protein phosphorylation, Са2+ homeostasis, hypoxia, immune processes, and apoptosis. Between the ages of 5 and 18 months, there were changes in the expression of 499 genes in Wistar rats and changes in the expres­sion of 5500 genes in OXYS rats. Only 333 genes were common between these sets. This finding points to differences in the mechanisms and rates of age-related changes in the brain between normal aging and the period of development of AD-specific neuro­degene­rative processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>болезнь Альцгеймера</kwd><kwd>крысы OXYS</kwd><kwd>транскриптом мозга</kwd><kwd>RNA-seq</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Alzheimer’s disease</kwd><kwd>OXYS rats</kwd><kwd>brain transcriptome</kwd><kwd>RNA-seq</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="ru"><funding-statement>Центр генетических ресурсов лабораторных животных ИЦиГ СО РАН, грант Правительства России, РФФИ</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Береговой Н.А., Сорокина Н.С., Старостина М.В., Колосова Н.Г. Возрастные особенности формирования длительной посттетанической потенциации у крыс линии OXYS. 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