vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-24-82vavilov-4347Research ArticleГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХANIMAL GENETICSИзменения в черной субстанции головного мозга у мышей, моделирующих болезнь ПаркинсонаSubstantia nigra alterations in mice modeling Parkinson’s diseaseРожковаИ. Н.RozhkovaI. N.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

ОкотрубС. В.OkotrubS. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1360-9080БрусенцевЕ. Ю.BrusentsevE. Yu.

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Novosibirsk

РахмановаТ. А.RakhmanovaT. A.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

ЛебедеваД. А.LebedevaD. A.

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Novosibirsk

КозеневаВ. С.KozenevaV. S.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

ШавшаеваН. А.ShavshaevaN. A.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

ХоцкинН. В.KhotskinN. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

АмстиславскийС. Я.AmstislavskyS. Ya.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

amstis@yandex.ruФедеральный исследовательский центр, Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр, Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университетРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian Federation202422112024287744751Copyright © Рожкова И.Н., Окотруб С.В., Брусенцев Е.Ю., Рахманова Т.А., Лебедева Д.А., Козенева В.С., Шавшаева Н.А., Хоцкин Н.В., Амстиславский С.Я., 20242024Рожкова И.Н., Окотруб С.В., Брусенцев Е.Ю., Рахманова Т.А., Лебедева Д.А., Козенева В.С., Шавшаева Н.А., Хоцкин Н.В., Амстиславский С.Я.Rozhkova I.N., Okotrub S.V., Brusentsev E.Y., Rakhmanova T.A., Lebedeva D.A., Kozeneva V.S., Shavshaeva N.A., Khotskin N.V., Amstislavsky S.Y.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4347

Болезнь Паркинсона (БП) – возрастная нейродегенеративная патология центральной нервной системы. Наиболее характерными нарушениями при БП считаются аномалии в нигростриарной системе, включающей в себя черную субстанцию среднего мозга и полосатое тело. При БП аномалии дофаминергической системы мозга сопровождаются альфа-синуклеинопатией. Для изучения механизмов возникновения данной патологии созданы генетические модели на мышах. Трансгенные мыши линии B6.Cg-Tg(PrNp-SNCA*A53T)23Mkle/J (далее по тексту B6.Cg-Tg) имеют мутацию A53T в гене SNCA альфа-синуклеина человека. В нашей предыдущей работе оценена плотность нейронов в префронтальной коре, гиппокампе, черной субстанции и полосатом теле у мышей этой линии, однако дофаминергическая система мозга, которая играет ключевую роль в развитии БП, изучена не была. Целью настоящего исследования стало изучение координации движений и баланса тела, а также плотности дофаминовых нейронов и накопления альфа-синуклеина в черной субстанции самцов мышей линии B6.Cg-Tg в возрасте шести месяцев. В качестве контроля использованы сибсы, у которых не было экспрессии гена SNCA с мутацией A53T и экспрессировался мышиный альфа-синуклеин (далее по тексту – дикий тип; wild type, WT), того же пола и возраста, из тех же самых выводков, что и исследуемые мыши B6.Cg-Tg. Координация движений и баланс тела были изучены с помощью теста «рота-род»; плотность дофаминовых нейронов и накопление альфа-синуклеина в черной субстанции оценены иммуногистохимическим методом. Полученные результаты показывают, что мыши B6.Cg-Tg не имеют отличий по координации движений и баланса тела от контроля – сибсов дикого типа. Однако у мышей B6.Cg-Tg в черной субстанции были обнаружены накопление альфа-синуклеина и уменьшение числа дофаминовых нейронов. Таким образом, мыши линии B6.Cg-Tg в возрасте шести месяцев имеют симптомы начала развития БП, такие как накопление мутантного альфа-синуклеина и уменьшение числа дофаминовых нейронов в черной субстанции. Полученные в этом исследовании результаты позволяют характеризовать линию B6.Cg-Tg в качестве адекватной модели для изучения ранней стадии БП человека уже в возрасте шести месяцев.

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is an age-related neurodegenerative pathology of the central nervous system. The well-known abnormalities characteristic of PD are dysfunctions in the nigrostriatal system including the substantia nigra of the midbrain and the striatum. Moreover, in PD persons, alpha-synucleinopathy is associated with abnormalities in the dopaminergic brain system. To study the mechanisms of this pathology, genetic models in mice have been designed. Transgenic mice of the B6.Cg-Tg(Prnp-SNCA*A53T)23Mkle/J strain (referred to as B6.Cg-Tg further in the text) possess the A53T mutation in the human alpha-synuclein SNCA gene. The density of neurons in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus, substantia nigra and striatum in B6.Cg-Tg mice was assessed in our previous work, but the dopaminergic system was not studied there, although it plays a key role in the development of PD. The aim of the current study was to investigate motor coordination and body balance, as well as dopaminergic neuronal density and alpha-synuclein accumulation in the substantia nigra in male B6.Cg-Tg mice at the age of six months. Wild-type mice of the same sex and age, siblings of the B6.Cg-Tg mice from the same litters, lacking the SNCA gene with the A53T mutation, but expressing murine alpha-synuclein, were used as controls (referred to as the wild type further in the text). Motor coordination and body balance were assessed with the rota-rod test; the density of dopaminergic neurons and accumulation of alpha-synuclein in the substantia nigra were evaluated by the immunohistochemical method. There was no difference between B6.Cg-Tg mice and WT siblings in motor coordination and body balance. However, accumulation of alpha-synuclein and a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra were found in the B6.Cg-Tg mouse strain. Thus, the mice of the B6.Cg-Tg strain at the age of six months have some symptoms of the onset of PD, such as the accumulation of mutant alpha-synuclein and a decrease in the number of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Taken together, the results obtained in our work qualify the B6.Cg-Tg strain as a pertinent model for studying the early stage of human PD already at the age of six months.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.