vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-25-09vavilov-4478Research Article1SYMBIOTIC SYSTEMSОценка биоразнообразия грибов арбускулярной микоризы при восстановительной сукцессии на песчаных карьерахEvaluation of the biodiversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi during regenerative succession in quarrieshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8715-6723КрюковА. А.KryukovA. A.

Санкт-Петербург; Пушкин

St. Petersburg; Pushkin

aa.krukov@arriam.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2231-6466ЮрковА. П.YurkovA. P.

Санкт-Петербург; Пушкин

St. Petersburg; Pushkin

ГорбуноваА. О.GorbunovaA. O.

Санкт-Петербург; Пушкин

St. Petersburg; Pushkin

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5120-7229КудряшоваТ. Р.KudriashovaT. R.

Санкт-Петербург; Пушкин

St. Petersburg; Pushkin

https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3517-9826ГоренковаА. И.GorenkovaA. I.

Санкт-Петербург; Пушкин

St. Petersburg; Pushkin

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1134-3503КосульниковЮ. В.KosulnikovY. V.

Санкт-Петербург; Пушкин

St. Petersburg; Pushkin

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6241-0273ЛактионовЮ. В.LaktionovY. V.

Санкт-Петербург; Пушкин

St. Petersburg; Pushkin

Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт сельскохозяйственной микробиологииРоссияThe All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural MicrobiologyRussian Federation2025030320252917278Copyright © Крюков А.А., Юрков А.П., Горбунова А.О., Кудряшова Т.Р., Горенкова А.И., Косульников Ю.В., Лактионов Ю.В., 20252025Крюков А.А., Юрков А.П., Горбунова А.О., Кудряшова Т.Р., Горенкова А.И., Косульников Ю.В., Лактионов Ю.В.Kryukov A.A., Yurkov A.P., Gorbunova A.O., Kudriashova T.R., Gorenkova A.I., Kosulnikov Y.V., Laktionov Y.V.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4478

   Грибы арбускулярной микоризы (АМГ) играют ключевую роль в восстановительных сукцессиях растительных сообществ после антропогенных нарушений, в частности на песчаных карьерах. АМГ помогают растениям в водном и минеральном питании, ускоряя восстановление растительного покрова.

   Целью исследования было изучить биоразнообразие АМГ молекулярно-генетическими методами на разных стадиях зарастания двух карьеров Ленинградской области.

   Молекулярно-генетическая идентификация грибов проводилась с использованием анализа Illumina MiSeq по регионам ITS1 и ITS2 в качестве баркода для поиска операционных таксономических единиц с идентификацией микроорганизмов до вида. Референсом служила адаптированная и проверенная на ошибки база генетических последовательностей АМГ из NCBI. В исследовании использовалась оптимизированная для песчаных почв методика выделения нуклеиновых кислот. Максимальное биоразнообразие АМГ наблюдалось на начальных стадиях зарастания – пионерной и злаковой. На кустарниковой стадии разнообразие снижалось в пять раз, а затем на лесной стадии восстанавливалось почти до уровня злаковой. Биоразнообразие и видовой состав АМГ могут значительно меняться между стадиями восстановительной сукцессии, что может в первую очередь зависеть от биоразнообразия трав, с которым АМГ вступают в симбиотические отношения наиболее эффективно. Показана достоверная отрицательная корреляция между числом видов АМГ и числом видов древесных растений. Проведенное исследование может помочь в понимании того, как развивается растительно-грибной симбиоз в восстановительных сукцессиях и какие АМГ наиболее эффективно помогают в восстановлении растительного покрова.

   Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play a key role in the regenerative successions of plant communities after anthropogenic disturbances, particularly in quarries. AMF help plants with water and mineral nutrition, contributing to the restoration rate of vegetation cover.

   The research is aimed to study the biodiversity of AMF using molecular genetic methods at different stages of overgrowth of two quarries in the Leningrad region.

   Molecular genetic identification of fungi was carried out using Illumina MiSeq analysis of the ITS1 and ITS2 regions as barcodes for the identification of operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with species-level identification. An adapted and error-checked AMF genetic sequence database from NCBI was used as a reference. The study applied an optimized nucleic acid isolation technique for sandy soils. The results showed maximum AMF biodiversity at the initial stages of overgrowth – pioneer and grass stages – with minimum diversity observed at the shrub stage, where it decreased by five times. At the forest stage, the biodiversity of AMF was almost restored to the level seen at the grass stage. It has been shown that the biodiversity and species composition of AMF can vary greatly between the stages of regenerative succession and probably depends primarily on the biodiversity of grasses, with which AMF most effectively enter into symbiotic relationships. The analysis showed a reliable negative correlation between the number of AMF species and the number of woody plant species. Such studies can aid in understanding how plant-fungal symbiosis develops in regenerative successions and which AMF most effectively contribute to vegetation cover restoration.

грибы арбускулярной микоризыбиоразнообразиевосстановительная сукцессияпесчаный карьерIlluminaarbuscular mycorrhizal fungibiodiversityregenerative successionquarryIlluminaРабота выполнена при поддержке Минобрнауки России в рамках соглашения № 075-152022-320 от 20.04.2022 о предоставлении гранта в форме субсидий из федерального бюджета на осуществление государственной поддержки создания и развития научного центра мирового уровня «Агротехнологии будущего». Работа проведена с использованием оборудования Центра коллективного пользования «Геномные технологии, протеомика и клеточная биология» ВНИИСХМ.This article was made with support from the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation in accordance with agreement No. 075-15-2022-320 dated 20 April 2022 on providing a grant in the form of subsidies from the Federal budget of the Russian Federation. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.