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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-25-29</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4544</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ПОПУЛЯЦИОННАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА ЖИВОТНЫХ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>POPULATION GENETICS OF ANIMALS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Исправление таксономической ошибки в базе данных GenBank поднимает новый вопрос относительно межродовых отношений у саланксовых рыб (Osmeriformes: Salangidae)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Correction of GenBank’s taxonomic entry error raises a new issue regarding intergeneric relationships among salangid fishes (Osmeriformes: Salangidae)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балакирев</surname><given-names>Е. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balakirev</surname><given-names>E. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Владивосток</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladivostok</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">esbalakirev@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный научный центр морской биологии им. А.В. Жирмунского Дальневосточного отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">A.V. Zhirmunsky National Scientific Center of Marine Biology, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>04</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>259</fpage><lpage>267</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балакирев Е.С., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балакирев Е.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balakirev E.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4544">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4544</self-uri><abstract><p>Генетическая база данных GenBank является крупнейшим генетическим хранилищем, предоставляющим жизненно важные ресурсы для последующего применения в биологии и медицине. Высказанная обеспокоенность надежностью GenBank обусловливает необходимость мониторинга возможных таксономических ошибок в записях этой базы данных. Здесь мы сообщаем о случае ошибочной идентификации митохондриального генома (или митогенома) у саланксовой рыбы, принадлежащей к роду Neosalanx (Osmeriformes, Salangidae). База данных GenBank содержит четыре полные последовательности митогенома N. taihuensis с номерами доступа JX524196, KP170510, MH348204 и MW291630. Средняя p-дистанция между этими последовательностями довольно велика (7.01 ± 0.14 %), но становится в 29 раз меньше (0.24 ± 0.05 %) после исключения митогенома MW291630. Анализ всех доступных нуклеотидных последовательностей салангид показал, что наблюдаемое несоответствие в уровне дивергенции между митогеномами N. taihuensis обусловлено ошибочной идентификацией видов. Оказалось, что митогеном MW291630 не принадлежит N. taihuensis, а в действительности представляет митогеном N. jordani, ошибочно идентифицированный как N. taihuensis. Установленная таксономическая идентичность митогенома MW291630, а также расширенная выборка видов с исследованными маркерными последовательностями выявили некоторые новые аспекты межродовых отношений у саланксовых рыб. В частности, полученные данные не подтверждают синонимизацию рода Neosalanx с Protosalanx, как это было предложено в последней ревизии классификации салангид. Как показывает настоящий анализ, Protosalanx не является кладой, включающей все виды Neosalanx. Напротив, эта клада состоит по крайней мере из двух эволюционно разных линий, уровень генетической дивергенции между которыми соответствует межродовым значениям дивергенции у салангид. Необходим дальнейший анализ с использованием полных ядерных геномов для выяснения эволюции саланксовых рыб.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The GenBank database of publicly available nucleotide sequences is the largest genetic repository providing vitally important resources for downstream applications in biology and medicine. The concern raised about reliability of GenBank data necessitates monitoring of possible taxonomic entry errors. A case of mitochondrial genome (or mitogenome) misidentification for a salangid fish belonging to the genus Neosalanx (Osmeriformes, Salangidae) is considered in this report. The GenBank database contains four complete mitogenome sequences of N. taihuensis with the accession numbers JX524196, KP170510, MH348204, and MW291630. The overall mean p-distance for these sequences is quite high (7.01 ± 0.14 %) but becomes 29-fold lower (0.24 ± 0.05 %) after excluding the MW291630 mitogenome. An analysis of all available nucleotide sequences of salangids has shown that the observed inconsistency in the level of divergence between N. taihuensis mitogenomes is due to species misidentification. It has turned out that the mitogenome MW291630 available in GenBank does not belong to N. taihuensis, but is, in fact, a mitogenome of N. jordani misidentified as N. taihuensis. The resolved taxonomic identity of the MW291630 mitogenome, as well as an extended sample of species with investigated single-marker sequences, has raised some new issues regarding intergeneric relationships in salangid fishes. In particular, the obtained data do not support synonymization of the genus Neosalanx with Protosalanx, as was suggested in the last revision of the salangid classification. As the comparative analysis of interspecific and intergeneric divergences shows, Protosalanx is not an all-inclusive clade that includes all Neosalanx species. Instead, it consists of (at least) two evolutionary distinct lineages with the level of genetic divergence between them matching well the mean value of divergence between the other salangid genera. Further analysis using nuclear genome-wide data is required to have new insights into the evolution of salangid fishes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>Neosalanx</kwd><kwd>Protosalanx</kwd><kwd>таксономические ошибки идентификации</kwd><kwd>митохондриальные геномы</kwd><kwd>CytB</kwd><kwd>маркерные последовательности</kwd><kwd>генетическая дивергенция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>Neosalanx</kwd><kwd>Protosalanx</kwd><kwd>taxonomic misidentification</kwd><kwd>mitochondrial genomes</kwd><kwd>CytB</kwd><kwd>single-marker sequences</kwd><kwd>genetic divergence</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This study received budget support within the framework of the Research Study entitled “World Ocean biodiversity: taxonomy, barcoding, phylogenetics, reproductive and evolutionary biology, biogeography” (State registry no. 121082600036-9, Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation) conducted by A.V. 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