vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-25-79vavilov-4762Research ArticleПОПУЛЯЦИОННАЯ ГЕНЕТИКА ЧЕЛОВЕКАHUMAN POPULATION GENETICSМитогеномный анализ представителя черняховской культуры в Среднем Поднестровье и его генетическая связь со славянами в контексте палеоантропологических данныхMitogenomic analysis of a representative of the Chernyakhov culture in the Middle Dniester and their genetic relationship with the Slavs in the context of paleoanthropological datahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-0273-203XРождественскихЕ. В.RozhdestvenskikhE. V.

Краснодарский край; федеральная территория «Сириус»

Krasnodar region; Sirius Federal Territory

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7625-0063АндрееваТ. В.AndreevaT. V.

биологический факультет; Центр генетики и генетических технологий

Краснодарский край; федеральная территория «Сириус»; Москва

Faculty of Biology; Centre of Genetics and Genetic Technologies

Krasnodar region; Sirius Federal Territory; Moscow

andreeva@rogaevlab.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-9252-2302МалярчукА. Б.MalyarchukA. B.

биологический факультет; Центр генетики и генетических технологий; Москва

Faculty of Biology; Centre of Genetics and Genetic Technologies; Moscow

https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6182-6393АдриановаИ. Ю.AdrianovaI. Yu.

Москва

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9344-0042ХодыреваД. С.KhodyrevaD. S.

Москва

Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6254-1203ЕвтеевА. А.EvteevA. A.

Москва

Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-2177БужиловаА. П.BuzhilovaA. P.

Москва

Research Institute and Museum of Anthropology

Moscow

https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0351-8783РогаевЕ. И.RogaevE. I.

департамент психиатрии

Краснодарский край; федеральная территория «Сириус»; Соединенные Штаты Америки; Шрусбери, 

Department of Psychiatry

Krasnodar region; Sirius Federal Territory; United States of America; MA; Shrewsbury

evivrecc@gmail.comНаучный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»РоссияResearch Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and TechnologyRussian FederationНаучный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»; Московский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наукРоссияResearch Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology; Lomonosov Moscow State University; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationМосковский государственный университет им. М.В. Ломоносова; Институт общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наукРоссияLomonosov Moscow State University; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationИнститут общей генетики им. Н.И. Вавилова Российской академии наукРоссияVavilov Institute of General Genetics of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationНаучно-исследовательский институт и Музей антропологии им. Д.Н. Анучина Московского государственного университета им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationНаучный центр генетики и наук о жизни, Научно-технологический университет «Сириус»; Медицинская школа Чан Массачусетского университетаРоссияResearch Center for Genetics and Life Sciences, Sirius University of Science and Technology; UMass Chan Medical SchoolRussian Federation202504092025295722731Copyright © Рождественских Е.В., Андреева Т.В., Малярчук А.Б., Адрианова И.Ю., Ходырева Д.С., Евтеев А.А., Бужилова А.П., Рогаев Е.И., 20252025Рождественских Е.В., Андреева Т.В., Малярчук А.Б., Адрианова И.Ю., Ходырева Д.С., Евтеев А.А., Бужилова А.П., Рогаев Е.И.Rozhdestvenskikh E.V., Andreeva T.V., Malyarchuk A.B., Adrianova I.Y., Khodyreva D.S., Evteev A.A., Buzhilova A.P., Rogaev E.I.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4762

   Занимая довольно обширную территорию в пределах Русской равнины, представители черняховской культуры взаимодействовали со многими синхронными племенами, принадлежащими к другим культурным группам и населявшими смежные регионы. Предметом многолетних дискуссий является вопрос о возможном присутствии протославянского компонента в структуре населения черняховской культуры, однако до сих пор отсутствует доказательная база генетического вклада представителей данной культуры в генофонд славян в последующем историческом периоде. В статье представлены результаты краниологического и генетического анализа индивида из могильника Кринички, предположительно относящегося к славянской части населения черняховской культуры. Проведен краниометрический сравнительный анализ нескольких серий черепов восточных славян и представителей черняховской культуры. Сопоставление внутригрупповой изменчивости в группах двух культур показало заметные различия между ними по трем первым главным компонентам. В то же время диапазон краниологической изменчивости восточных славян и носителей черняховской культуры сопоставим. Различия в женских выборках не так резко выражены, как в мужских. На основе анализа данных полногеномного секвенирования определен женский пол исследуемого индивида. Реконструирована полная последовательность митохондриальной ДНК, которая относится к гаплогруппе H5a1a1. Для этой митохондриальной линии выявлена филогенетическая связь с восемью образцами, найденными в открытых базах данных геномных последовательностей, пять из которых относятся к представителям современных западно- и восточнославянских популяций. Более того, обнаружена идентичная митохондриальная последовательность, принадлежащая к исследованному нами ранее индивиду из средневекового могильника на территории современной Вологодской области, для которого рассматривается славянское происхождение. Полное совпадение последовательности мтДНК представителя черняховской культуры и этого средневекового индивида предполагает их вероятное родство по материнской линии. Таким образом, впервые на основе геномных данных показана возможная преемственность между некоторыми представителями черняховской культуры (III в. н. э.) и населения Древней Руси (вторая половина XII – начало XIII вв.).

   Occupying a fairly extensive territory within the East European Plain, representatives of the Chernyakhov culture interacted with many synchronous tribes of other cultures inhabiting neighbouring regions. The question of a possible Proto-Slavic component in the population of the Chernyakhov culture is a subject of many years of discussion, but there is still no evidence for the genetic contribution of representatives of this culture to the gene pool of the Slavs in the subsequent historical period. In this study, we present the results of the craniological and genetic analysis of an individual from the Krynichki burial ground, presumably belonging to the Slavic part of the population of the Chernyakhov culture. A craniometric comparative analysis was conducted for several series of skulls of the East Slavs and representatives of the Chernyakhov culture. The comparison of intragroup variability in the groups of the two cultures showed marked differences between them in the first three principal components. At the same time, the East Slavic and Chernyakhov cultures have similar levels of craniological variability. Differences between female specimens are not so pronounced as those of males’. Based on the analysis of whole-genome sequencing data, the individual from the Krynichki was identified as being a female. The complete sequence of mitochondrial DNA, which belongs to the haplogroup H5a1a1, was reconstructed. For this mitochondrial lineage, a phylogenetic relationshipwas revealed with eight specimens from publicly available genomic databases, five of which belong to representatives of the present-day West and East Slavic populations. Furthermore, we revealed a mitochondrial sequence identical to that from our previous research on an individual from a medieval burial site located in the modern Vologda region, which is thought to have Slavic ancestry. The complete match between the medieval individual’s mtDNA sequence and that of a representative of the Chernyakhov culture points to their likely maternal ancestry. Thus, a possible continuity between representatives of the Chernyakhov culture (3rd century AD) and the population of Ancient Rus’ (the second half of the 12th–early 13th centuries AD) has for the first time been shown, as genomic data suggest.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.