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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-25-92</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4812</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ФИЛОГЕНЕТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>HIGH-THROUGHPUT PHENOTYPING</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Эндогенный окситоцин и межсамцовые взаимодействия после введения окситоцина у серых крыс, селекционируемых по поведению</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Endogenous oxytocin and intermale interactions after oxytocin administrations in Norway rats selected for behavior</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шихевич</surname><given-names>С. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shikhevich</surname><given-names>S. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кожемякина</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozhemyakina</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гулевич</surname><given-names>Р. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gulevich</surname><given-names>R. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Новосибирск </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гербек</surname><given-names>Ю. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Herbeck</surname><given-names>Yu. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p> Новосибирск </p><p> Хайфа </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p> Novosibirsk</p><p> Haifa </p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Хайфский университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; University of Haifa<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>09</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>6</issue><fpage>847</fpage><lpage>855</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Шихевич С.Г., Кожемякина Р.В., Гулевич Р.Г., Гербек Ю.Э., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Шихевич С.Г., Кожемякина Р.В., Гулевич Р.Г., Гербек Ю.Э.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shikhevich S.G., Kozhemyakina R.V., Gulevich R.G., Herbeck Y.E.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4812">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4812</self-uri><abstract><p>Известно, что нейропептид окситоцин (ОТ), секретируемый специализированными нейронами в гипоталамусе, оказывает дозозависимое влияние на социальное поведение и агрессию у различных видов животных. Ранее нами было показано, что у взрослых и неполовозрелых самцов серых крыс, селекционируемых на усиление агрессивного поведения по отношению к человеку, назальные аппликации окситоцина вызывали антиагрессивный эффект по отношению к оппоненту в тесте резидент–интрудер, в то время как у крыс, селекционируемых на ручное поведение, аппликации окситоцина или не влияли на поведение, или вызывали усиление агрессивности. Однако оставалось неизвестным, как влияет отбор по поведению на эндогенную окситоцинергическую систему у крыс. В данной работе исследовали количество содержащих окситоцин клеток в паравентрикулярном (ПВЯ) и супраоптическом (СОЯ) ядрах гипоталамуса у интактных ручных и агрессивных крыс, учитывая фактор латерализации, поскольку было известно о функциональной асимметрии гипоталамуса. Наряду с этим оценивали, как изменяется уровень окситоцина в крови после назальных аппликаций этого нейропептида у крыс, селекционируемых по поведению. Так как эффекты окситоцина на агрессивность крыс могут зависеть от степени ее проявления, в данной работе исследовали влияние аппликаций окситоцина на поведение у ручных и агрессивных крыс при взаимодействии на нейтральной территории, где агрессивность самцов проявляется слабее, чем при защите собственной территории в тесте резидент–интрудер. Показано, что только для ручных крыс характерна асимметрия по количеству содержащих окситоцин клеток, локализованных в правых и левых частях СОЯ и ПВЯ гипоталамуса. Причем количество таких клеток в правой половине СОЯ у ручных крыс оказалось больше, чем у агрессивных, в то время как уровень окситоцина в крови у ручных крыс как в контрольной группе, так и после аппликаций окситоцина, напротив, был достоверно ниже, чем у агрессивных. Аппликации окситоцина у агрессивных крыс вызывали уменьшение продолжительности агрессивных взаимодействий и боковых стоек угроз, а также количества последних по сравнению с животными того же поведения, получающими физраствор, что может свидетельствовать об антиагрессивном эффекте окситоцина, тогда как у ручных крыс аппликации окситоцина, наоборот, приводили к увеличению количества ударов задними лапами и их продолжительности. По-видимому, найденные нами различия в эндогенной окситоцинергической системе гипоталамуса могут быть связаны и с поведением, сформированным в процессе отбора, и с различной реакцией на введение окситоцина у ручных и агрессивных крыс.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) secreted by specialized neurons in the hypothalamus affects social behavior and aggression in various animal species in a dose-dependent manner. Our earlier studies showed that OT administration by nasal application to adult and adolescent Norway rat males selected for enhanced aggressive response to humans reduced aggression upon the opponent in the resident-intruder test. By contrast, OT administration to rats selected for tame behavior exerted no effect on behavior or even enhanced aggression. It was still unknown how selection for behavior affected the endogenous oxytocinergic system in rats. Here we study the populations of OT-containing cells in the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei of the hypothalamus in intact tame and aggressive rats with regard to lateralization, as the hypothalamus is known to be functionally asymmetrical. We have also assessed blood OT changes after nasal OT application to rats selected for behavior. As it is known that the effect of OT on rat aggressiveness may depend on the basal level of the latter, we have analyzed the effect of OT administration on behavior in tame and aggressive rats interacting on neutral ground, where the aggressiveness of males manifests itself less than in the defense of territory in the resident-intruder test. The asymmetry in the numbers of OT-containing cells in the left and right halves of the paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei has been observed only in tame rats. The number of such cells in the right half of tame rats is greater than in aggressive. In contrast, the blood OT level in tame rats is significantly lower than in aggressive ones both in the intact animals and after OT administration. Oxytocin administration to aggressive rats shortens aggressive interactions and lateral threats and reduces the number of the latter as compared to animals of the same behavior pattern having received saline. This observation may point to an anti-aggressive effect of OT. In tame rats, though, OT administration increases the number of hind leg kicks and kicking duration. It appears that the differences in the endogenous OTergic system of hypothalamus found in this study are associated with both the behavior formed during selection and different responses to exogenous OT in tame and aggressive animals.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>окситоцин</kwd><kwd>отбор</kwd><kwd>поведение</kwd><kwd>крыса</kwd><kwd>агрессивность</kwd><kwd>иммуногистохимия</kwd><kwd>гипоталамус</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>oxytocin</kwd><kwd>selection</kwd><kwd>behavior</kwd><kwd>rat</kwd><kwd>aggressiveness</kwd><kwd>immunohistochemistry</kwd><kwd>hypothalamus</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The maintenance of rat strains in the vivarium for conventional animals, ICG SB RAS, Novosibirsk, was supported by State Budgeted Project FWNR-0259-2022-0019. Studies of the endogenous OTergic system and behavior of Norway rats after OT administration were supported by the Russian Science Foundation, project 21-44-04405.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Aydogan G., Jobst A., Loy F., Dehning S., Zill P., Müller N., Kocher M. The effect of oxytocin on group formation and strategic thinking in men. Horm Behav. 2018;100:100-106. doi 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2018. 02.003</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Aydogan G., Jobst A., Loy F., Dehning S., Zill P., Müller N., Kocher M. The effect of oxytocin on group formation and strategic thinking in men. 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