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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-25-104</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4881</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>СИСТЕМНАЯ КОМПЬЮТЕРНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>SYSTEMS COMPUTATIONAL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Выявление белков, регулирующих фенотип-ассоциированные гены макрофагов группы М2: биоинформатический анализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Identification of proteins regulating phenotype-associated genes of M2 macrophages: a bioinformatic analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2158-3252</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Антропова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Antropova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nzhenia@bionet.nsc.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-9245-8988</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Яцык</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Yatsyk</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9433-8341</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Деменков</surname><given-names>П. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Demenkov</surname><given-names>P. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0005-9155</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванисенко</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanisenko</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1859-4631</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванисенко</surname><given-names>В. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanisenko</surname><given-names>V. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>990</fpage><lpage>999</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Антропова Е.А., Яцык И.В., Деменков П.С., Иванисенко Т.В., Иванисенко В.А., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Антропова Е.А., Яцык И.В., Деменков П.С., Иванисенко Т.В., Иванисенко В.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Antropova E.A., Yatsyk I.V., Demenkov P.S., Ivanisenko T.V., Ivanisenko V.A.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4881">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4881</self-uri><abstract><p>   Макрофаги – клетки иммунной системы, выполняющие в организме различные, часто противоположные функции в зависимости от поступающих сигналов микроокружения. Это возможно благодаря пластичности макрофагов, позволяющей кардинально менять фенотипические признаки и профили экспрессии генов, а также возвращаться в исходное, неактивированное состояние. В зависимости от действующих на клетку индукторов макрофаги поляризуются в различные функциональные состояния. Принято выделять пять основных фенотипов активированных макрофагов: М1, M2a, M2b, M2c и M2d. Хотя количество полногеномных транскриптомных и протеомных данных, показывающих различия между основными фенотипами макрофагов и неактивированными макрофагами (M0), растет стремительно, все еще остаются вопросы, касающиеся механизмов регуляции профилей экспрессии генов и белков у макрофагов разных фенотипов. Нами были составлены списки белков, ассоциированных с фенотипами макрофагов M1, M2a, M2b, M2c, M2d (фенотип-ассоциированные белки), проанализированы данные о возможных посредниках поляризации макрофагов. Далее с использованием компьютерной системы AND-System проведен поиск и анализ связей между потенциальными регуляторными белками и генами, кодирующими белки, ассоциированные с фенотипами группы M2, получены оценки статистической значимости этих связей. Результаты указывают на то, что различия в фенотипах макрофагов М2a, M2b, M2c, M2d могут быть обусловлены регуляторными действиями белков JUN, IL8, NFAC2, CCND1 и YAP1. Уровень их экспрессии варьируется в зависимости от фенотипов группы M2, что в свою очередь приводит к различным уровням экспрессии генов, связанных с конкретными фенотипами.</p><p>Перенести в английский вариант</p><p>   Macrophages are immune system cells that perform various, often opposing, functions in the organism depending on the incoming microenvironment signals. This is possible due to the plasticity of macrophages, which allows them to radically alter their phenotypic characteristics and gene expression profiles, as well as return to their original, non-activated state. Depending on the inductors acting on the cell, macrophages are activated into various functional states. There are five main phenotypes of activated macrophages: M1, M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d. Although the amount of genome-wide transcriptomic and proteomic data showing differences between major macrophage phenotypes and non-activated macrophages (M0) is rapidly growing, questions regarding the mechanisms regulating gene and protein expression profiles in macrophages of different phenotypes still remain. We compiled lists of proteins associated with the macrophage phenotypes M1, M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d (phenotype-associated proteins) and analyzed the data on potential mediators of macrophage polarization. Furthermore, using the computational system ANDSystem, we conducted a search and analysis of the relationships between potential regulatory proteins and the genes encoding the proteins associated with the M2 group phenotypes, obtaining estimates of the statistical significance of these relationships. The results indicate that the differences in the M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d macrophage phenotypes may be attributed to the regulatory effects of the proteins JUN, IL8, NFAC2, CCND1, and YAP1. The expression levels of these proteins vary among the M2 group phenotypes, which in turn leads to different levels of gene expression associated with specific phenotypes.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Macrophages are immune system cells that perform various, often opposing, functions in the organism depending on the incoming microenvironment signals. This is possible due to the plasticity of macrophages, which allows them to radically alter their phenotypic characteristics and gene expression profiles, as well as return to their original, non-activated state. Depending on the inductors acting on the cell, macrophages are activated into various functional states. There are five main phenotypes of activated macrophages: M1, M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d. Although the amount of genome-wide transcriptomic and proteomic data showing differences between major macrophage phenotypes and non-activated macrophages (M0) is rapidly growing, questions regarding the mechanisms regulating gene and protein expression profiles in macrophages of different phenotypes still remain. We compiled lists of proteins associated with the macrophage phenotypes M1, M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d (phenotype-associated proteins) and analyzed the data on potential mediators of macrophage polarization. Furthermore, using the computational system ANDSystem, we conducted a search and analysis of the relationships between potential regulatory proteins and the genes encoding the proteins associated with the M2 group phenotypes, obtaining estimates of the statistical significance of these relationships. The results indicate that the differences in the M2a, M2b, M2c, and M2d macrophage phenotypes may be attributed to the regulatory effects of the proteins JUN, IL8, NFAC2, CCND1, and YAP1. The expression levels of these proteins vary among the M2 group phenotypes, which in turn leads to different levels of gene expression associated with specific phenotypes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>фенотипы макрофагов</kwd><kwd>регуляция экспрессии</kwd><kwd>протеомы</kwd><kwd>система ANDSystem</kwd><kwd>автоматический анализ текстов</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>macrophage phenotypes</kwd><kwd>expression regulation</kwd><kwd>proteomes</kwd><kwd>AND-System</kwd><kwd>automated text analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The work was supported by budget projects FWNR-2022-0020</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Antropova E.A., Khlebodarova T.M., Demenkov P.S., Volianskaia A.R., Venzel A.S., Ivanisenko N.V., Gavrilenko A.D., Ivanisenko T.V., Adamovskaya A.V., Revva P.M., Kolchanov N.A., Lavrik I.N., Ivanisenko V.A. 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