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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-25-117</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4895</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МЕДИЦИНСКАЯ БИОИНФОРМАТИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MEDICAL BIOINFORMATICS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка зависимости показателей мозговой активности от индивидуальной однонуклеотидной вариабельности генетических маркеров большого депрессивного расстройства с использованием анализа главных компонент</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessing the dependence of brain activity on individual single-nucleotide variability of genetic markers of major depressive disorder using principal component</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2210-6968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Зорина</surname><given-names>К. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zorina</surname><given-names>K. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9713-363X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кривецкий</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kriveckiy</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6686-9954</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Карманов</surname><given-names>В. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Karmanov</surname><given-names>V. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3514-2901</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Савостьянов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Savostyanov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Новосибирск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Novosibirsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a.savostianov@g.nsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский государственный технический университет<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State Technical University<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru">Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университет;  Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Научно-исследовательский институт нейронаук и медицины<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Novosibirsk State University; Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Scientific Research Institute of Neurosciences and Medicine<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>12</day><month>12</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>29</volume><issue>7</issue><fpage>1129</fpage><lpage>1136</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Зорина К.А., Кривецкий А.А., Карманов В.С., Савостьянов А.Н., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Зорина К.А., Кривецкий А.А., Карманов В.С., Савостьянов А.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Zorina K.A., Kriveckiy A.A., Karmanov V.S., Savostyanov A.N.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4895">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4895</self-uri><abstract><p>   Большое депрессивное расстройство (БДР) относится к наиболее широко распространенным психическим заболеваниям, что обусловливает необходимость поиска факторов повышенной предрасположенности к этому нарушению. В качестве молекулярно-генетических маркеров БДР часто рассматривают однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы генов нейромедиаторных систем мозга. Показатели индивидуальной однонуклеотидной вариабельности в генах нейромедиаторов применяются для оценки риска появления БДР до проявления его симптоматики на поведенческом уровне. Однако прогностические возможности анализа геномных вариаций для оценки риска депрессии до настоящего времени недостаточно надежны и дополняются поведенческой и нейрофизиологической информацией о пациентах. Нейрофизиологические маркеры БДР дают наиболее надежные оценки выраженности патологической симптоматики, но они отражают состояние человека в момент обследования, а не предрасположенность к возникновению этого патологического состояния и не позволяют выполнить оценку риска его появления в будущем. Большое депрессивное расстройство часто сопровождается отклонениями в способности человека контролировать двигательные реакции, включая возможность произвольно подавлять неадекватное поведение. «Стоп-сигнал-парадигма» (ССП) – экспериментальный метод для оценки функционального баланса между тормозными и активационными системами головного мозга в условиях выполнения целенаправленных движений. Объединенный с регистрацией ЭЭГ, этот экспериментальный метод позволяет учитывать не только поведенческие характеристики участников, такие как скорость или точность ответов, но и нейрофизиологические особенности головного мозга, ассоциированные с контролем над поведением.</p><p>   Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в оценке зависимости между особенностями ЭЭГ реакций в условиях парадигмы стоп-сигнал и индивидуальной однонуклеотидной вариабельностью в генах-кандидатах для выявления БДР.</p><p>   Размерность в исходных генетических и нейрофизиологических экспериментальных данных была снижена при помощи анализа главных компонент (РСA) для последующего выявления ассоциации между компонентами ЭЭГ реакций, регистрируемыми в условиях контроля произвольных двигательных реакций, и однонуклеотидными вариациями в генах, изменчивость которых ассоциирована с риском БДР. Установлено, что изменчивость в этих генах ассоциирована с амплитудными показателями мозговых ответов в условиях тестирования испытуемых методом ССП. Полученные результаты могут быть использованы для разработки систем ранней диагностики депрессии, выявления индивидуальных паттернов нарушения в работе головного мозга, подбора методов коррекции заболевания и контроля над эффективностью терапии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>   Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most widespread mental illnesses, which necessitates the search for factors of increased predisposition to this disorder. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes of the brain’s neurotransmitter systems are often considered as molecular genetic markers of MDD. Indicators of individual single nucleotide variability in neurotransmitter genes are used to assess the risk of MDD before its symptomatology at the behavioral level. However, the predictive capabilities of analyzing genomic variations to assess the risk of depression are not yet sufficiently reliable and are complemented by behavioral and neurophysiological information about patients. Neurophysiological markers of MDD provide the most reliable estimates of the severity of pathological symptoms, but they reflect a person’s state at the time of examination, and not a predisposition to the occurrence of this pathological state and do not allow assessing the risk of its appearance in the future. Major depressive disorder is often accompanied by abnormalities in a person’s ability to control motor responses, including the ability to voluntary suppress inappropriate behavior. The “stop-signal paradigm” (SSP) is an experimental method for assessing the functional balance between the inhibitory and activation systems of the brain during targeted movements. Combined with EEG recording, this experimental method allows for the consideration of not only participants’ behavioral characteristics, such as speed or accuracy of responses, but also the brain’s neuro physiological features associated with behavior control.</p><p>   The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between EEG responses in the stop-signal paradigm and individual single nucleotide variability in candidate genes for MDD detection.</p><p>   Dimensionality in the original genetic and neurophysiological experimental data was reduced by principal component analysis (PCA) to subsequently detect an association between EEG response components recorded during the control of random motor responses and single nucleotide variations in genes, the variability of which is associated with MDD risk. Variability in these genes has been shown to be associated with the amplitude of brain responses under the conditions of test subjects using the PCA method. The results obtained can be used to develop systems for the early diagnosis of depression, identify individual patterns of impairment in the brain, select methods for correcting the disease and control the effectiveness of therapy.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>стоп-сигнал-парадигма</kwd><kwd>ЭЭГ</kwd><kwd>вызванные потенциалы</kwd><kwd>однонуклеотидные полиморфизмы</kwd><kwd>большое депрессивное расстройство</kwd><kwd>метод главных компонент</kwd><kwd>регрессионный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>stop-signal paradigm</kwd><kwd>EEG</kwd><kwd>event related potentials</kwd><kwd>single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)</kwd><kwd>major depressive disorder</kwd><kwd>principal component analysis</kwd><kwd>regression analysis</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>This research was funded by Budget Project No. FWNR-2022-0020</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">American Psychiatric Association. 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