vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-25-132vavilov-4935Research ArticleСТРУКТУРА И ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ГЕНОМА РАСТЕНИЙPLANT GENOME STRUCTURE AND EVOLUTIONВлияние аллельных вариантов гена Vrn-A1 на длину вегетационного периода у Triticum dicoccoidesThe influence of allelic variants of the Vrn-A1 gene on the duration of the vegetation period in Triticum dicoccoideshttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-8268-0289ЧепурновГ. Ю.ChepurnovG. Yu.

р.п. Краснообск, Новосибирская область

 Новосибирск

Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

Novosibirsk

chepurnovgy@bionet.nsc.ruЧэньЧ.ChenZ.

 Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

БлиновА. Г.BlinovA. G.

 Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3035-8049ЕфимовВ. М.EfimovV. M.

 Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

ГончаровН. П.GoncharovN. P.

 Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

Сибирский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства и селекции – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияSiberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences;Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Новосибирский национальный исследовательский государственный университетРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Novosibirsk State UniversityRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation20251101202629812771287Copyright © Чепурнов Г.Ю., Чэнь Ч., Блинов А.Г., Ефимов В.М., Гончаров Н.П., 20262026Чепурнов Г.Ю., Чэнь Ч., Блинов А.Г., Ефимов В.М., Гончаров Н.П.Chepurnov G.Y., Chen Z., Blinov A.G., Efimov V.M., Goncharov N.P.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4935

Длина (продолжительность) вегетационного периода является одним из ключевых хозяйственно важных признаков зерновых культур. У пшениц основное влияние на него оказывают гены Vrn, контролирующие тип (яровость vs. озимость) и скорость развития растений. В настоящей работе по признаку «тип развития» изучено 137 образцов дикой полбы Triticum dicoccoides (Körn. ex Aschers. et Graebn.) Schweinf., среди которых выявлено 39 яровых. Методом секвенирования у яровых образцов установлены нуклеотидные последовательности промоторной области гена Vrn-A1. Идентифицировано пять аллельных вариантов: Vrn-A1b.1, Vrn-A1b.2, Vrn-A1b.4, Vrn-A1d, Vrn-A1u. Три яровых образца, PI355457, PI190919 и PI560817 T. dicoccoides, содержали одновременно два аллеля гена Vrn-A1: Vrn-A1d и не описанный ранее аллельный вариант, обозначенный авторами как Vrn-A1b.8. Промоторная область этого аллеля имела несколько делеций относительно интактного варианта, одна из ко торых захватывала 8 п. н. VRN-бокса. В контролируемых условиях теплицы у образцов была определена длина вегетационного периода и методом 2B-PLS анализа (two-block partial least squares analysis) оценена связь между аллельными вариантами гена Vrn-A1 и длиной вегетационного периода яровых образцов T. dicoccoides. Коэффициент корреляции (r) между этими признаками составил 0.534. Был рассчитан также коэффициент корреляции между длиной вегетационного периода растений и регионами происхождения образцов (r = 0.478). Показано, что образцы, имеющие одинаковые аллели гена Vrn-A1 и происходящие из одного региона, могут значитель но отличаться между собой по длине вегетационного периода. Наличие фенотипических различий при одина ковом аллельном составе гена Vrn-A1 указывает на вклад иных наследственных факторов, локализованных в геномах этих образцов, что обусловливает их ценность в качестве новых источников генетических ресурсов, способствующих расширению биоразнообразия сортов возделываемых видов пшениц.

The duration of the vegetation period (DVP) is an important agronomic trait in cereal. Тhe main influence on it in wheat is exerted by Vrn genes, which determine the growth habit (spring vs. winter) and DVP. In the present study, 137 wild emmer Triticum dicoccoides (Körn. ex Aschers. et Graebn.) Schweinf. accessions were evaluated according to the growth habit trait, among which 39 spring ones were identified. The nucleotide sequences of the promoter region of the Vrn-A1 gene were established in the spring accessions by sequencing. Five allelic variants of Vrn-A1 genes previ ously found in T. dicoccoides were identified, namely Vrn-A1b.1, Vrn-A1b.2, Vrn-A1b.4, Vrn-A1d, Vrn-A1u. Three spring accessions PI355457, PI190919, PI560817 simultaneously contained two alleles of the Vrn-A1 gene: Vrn-A1d and previously undescribed functional allelic variant designated by the authors as Vrn-A1b.8. The promoter region of this allele had several deletions relative to the intact variant. One of such deletions covered 8 bp of the VRN box. In a single ex periment, under controlled greenhouse conditions, the relationship between the allelic variants of the Vrn-A1 gene and the duration of the vegetation period of the T. dicoccoides’ spring accessions was studied using the 2B-PLS (Two-Block Partial Least Squares) analysis. The correlation coefficient (r) between these traits was 0.534. The correlation coefficient between the duration of the vegetation period of wild emmer plants and the regions of origin of the studied accessions was also calculated (r = 0.478). It was shown that accessions with identical alleles of the Vrn-A1 gene and originating from the same region can differ significantly from each other in the duration of the vegetation period. The presence of phenotypic differences with the same allelic composition of the Vrn-A1 gene indicates the contribution of other hereditary factors localized in the genomes of these accessions, which determines their value as new donors of genetic resources that contribute to the expansion of the biodiversity of common and durum wheat commercial cultivars.

дикая полбаTriticum dicoccoidesяровой тип развитияген Vrn-A1аллелидлина вегетацион ного периода2B-PLS анализwild emmerTriticum dicoccoidesspring growth habitVrn-A1 geneallelesduration of vegetation period2B-PLS analysisThe study was carried out with the financial support of the state budget project FWNR-2025-0009. The plants were grown at the Center for Plant Reproduction of ICG SB RAS within the budget ary project FWNR-2022-0017. Sequencing was completed at the SB RAS Genomics Core Facility (Novosibirsk, Russia, URL: http://www.niboch.nsc.ru/doku.php/corefacility, accessed on April 2, 2025). The authors are grateful to Doctor of Sciences (Biology) A.B. Shcherban (Institute of Cytology and Genetics SB RAS) for providing additional information on the Triticum dicoccoides accessions studied in his investigationThe study was carried out with the financial support of the state budget project FWNR-2025-0009. 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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.