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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vavilov</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Вавиловский журнал генетики и селекции</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">2500-3259</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.18699/vjgb-26-02</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vavilov-4983</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МОЛЕКУЛЯРНАЯ И КЛЕТОЧНАЯ БИОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Биоинформатический анализ механизмов жизнеспособности линий опухолевых клеток при делеции генов-супермишеней</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The computational analysis of tumor cell sensitivity to supertarget deletion</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0008-3814</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Четверина</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chetverina</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7354-6870</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Козельчук</surname><given-names>Н. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kozelchuk</surname><given-names>N. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0008-5999-0404</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ломаев</surname><given-names>Д. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lomaev</surname><given-names>D. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6469-0221</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Штиль</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shtil</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2467-868X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ерохин</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Erokhin</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Москва</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">yermaxbio@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">Институт биологии гена Российской академии наук<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">Institute of Gene Biology Russian Academy of Sciences<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru">Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии им. Н.Н. Блохина<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">N.N. Blokhin National Medical Research Center of Oncology<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>30</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>85</fpage><lpage>93</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Четверина Д.А., Козельчук Н.Я., Ломаев Д.В., Штиль А.А., Ерохин М.М., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Четверина Д.А., Козельчук Н.Я., Ломаев Д.В., Штиль А.А., Ерохин М.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chetverina D.A., Kozelchuk N.Y., Lomaev D.V., Shtil A.A., Erokhin M.M.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4983">https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/4983</self-uri><abstract><p>Мутации генов и изменения эпигенетической регуляции экспрессии генов являются характерными признаками злокачественных новообразований. Сочетания данных нарушений формируют биологические особенности индивидуальных опухолей на молекулярном уровне. Разработка стратегий персонализированного лечения требует глубокого понимания молекулярных «портретов» отдельных опухолей. В рамках крупномасштабного проекта Dependency Map (DepMap) обширные панели линий опухолевых клеток человека тестируются на чувствительность к инактивации отдельных генов. Ранее на основе данных DepMap нами охарактеризованы гены, получившие название «супермишени», при делеции которых существенно снижена жизнеспособность клеток конкретного тканевого происхождения при минимальном нарушении жизнеспособности других линий. В настоящем исследовании определены факторы низкой жизнеспособности (ингибирования пролиферации или гибели) клеточных линий при инактивации генов-супермишеней. В результате установлено, что в 79 % случаев низкая жизнеспособность может быть вызвана эпигенетическими изменениями в экспрессии генов. В остальных случаях (21 %) она вызвана нарушениями структуры генов. Исходя из полученных данных, можно выделить три группы, содержащие разного типа нарушения экспрессии генов. В первой группе низкая жизнеспособность клеток коррелирует с повышением экспрессии гена-супермишени (например, SOX10 и HNF1B). Во второй группе детектируется гиперэкспрессия гена, отличного от делетируемой супермишени (пары генов FOXA1 и SPDEF, TP63 и SERPINB13 и др.). Третья группа характеризуется корреляциями между пониженной экспрессией определенных генов и чувствительностью опухолевых клеток (пары генов FAM126A и FAM126B, SMARCA2 и SMARCA4 и др.). Наблюдаемые генетические изменения включали GOF-мутации (KRAS, BRAF и др.), LOF-мутации (STAG1, SMARCA2 и др.), слияние генов (BCR-ABL1, PAX3-FOXO1 и др.) и амплификации (CPM, BEST3 и др.). Таким образом, разные молекулярные механизмы выступают предикторами ответа опухолевых клеток на ингибирование генов-супермишеней.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Gene mutations and altered epigenetic regulation of gene expression are characteristic features of malignant neoplasms. Combinations of these abnormalities form molecular features of individual tumors. In the large-scale Dependency Map (DepMap) project, the broad panels of human tumor cell lines are being tested for sensitivity to single gene inactivation. Using DepMap data, we have previously identified a set of genes termed supertargets, the deletion of which significantly reduced the survival of cells of a particular tissue origin while minimally impairing the unrelated cell lines. In the present study, we determined the factors of viability (inhibition of proliferation or death) of cell lines in which the supertarget genes have been deleted. We found that, in 79 % of cases, the reduced survival may be caused by epigenetic changes of gene expression. In the remaining 21 % of cases, it is associated with altered gene structure. Three groups containing different types of gene expression alterations can be distinguished. In the first group, the reduced cell survival correlated with a higher expression of the supertarget gene (e.g., SOX10 and HNF1B). In the second group, a gene different from the deleted supertarget was overexpressed (gene pairs: FOXA1 and SPDEF, TP63 and SERPINB13, etc.). The third group was characterized by correlations between low expression of a certain gene and tumor cell sensitivity (e.g., FAM126A and FAM126B, SMARCA2 and SMARCA4). The genetic changes included GOF mutations (KRAS, BRAF genes, etc.), LOF mutations (STAG1, SMARCA2 genes, etc.), gene fusions (BCR-ABL1, PAX3-FOXO1, etc.), and amplification (CPM, BEST3, etc.). Therefore, many different molecular mechanisms act as predictors of tumor cell response to inhibition of supertarget genes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>опухоли</kwd><kwd>рак</kwd><kwd>онкомаркеры</kwd><kwd>Dependency Map</kwd><kwd>DepMap</kwd><kwd>транскрипция</kwd><kwd>мутации</kwd><kwd>SMARCA2</kwd><kwd>SMARCA4</kwd><kwd>APP</kwd><kwd>FOXA1</kwd><kwd>ATP6V0A2</kwd><kwd>ATP6V0A1</kwd><kwd>биоинформатика</kwd><kwd>анализ баз данных</kwd><kwd>персонализированная медицина</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>tumors</kwd><kwd>cancer</kwd><kwd>oncomarkers</kwd><kwd>Dependency Map</kwd><kwd>DepMap</kwd><kwd>transcription</kwd><kwd>mutations</kwd><kwd>SMARCA2</kwd><kwd>SMARCA4</kwd><kwd>APP</kwd><kwd>FOXA1</kwd><kwd>ATP6V0A2</kwd><kwd>ATP6V0A1</kwd><kwd>bioinformatics</kwd><kwd>database analysis</kwd><kwd>personalized medicine</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group xml:lang="en"><funding-statement>The study was supported by Russian Science Foundation grant No. 20-74-10099.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Arafeh R., Shibue T., Dempster J.M., Hahn W.C., Vazquez F. 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