vavilovВавиловский журнал генетики и селекцииVavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding2500-3259Institute of Cytology and Genetics of Siberian Branch of the RAS10.18699/vjgb-26-43vavilov-5106Research ArticleУСТОЙЧИВОСТЬ РАСТЕНИЙ К АБИОТИЧЕСКОМУ СТРЕССУABIOTIC STRESS TOLERANCE IN PLANTSФакторы морозоустойчивости пшеницы – белки-ингибиторы рекристаллизации льдаFactors of wheat frost hardiness – ice recrystallization inhibitor proteinsКоротаеваН. Е.KorotaevaN. E.

Иркутск, Новосибирск

Irkutsk, Novosibirsk

knev73@yandex.ruФедяеваА. В.FedyaevaA. V.

Новосибирск

Novosibirsk

МусиновК. К.MusinovK. K.

Новосибирск, р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская область

Novosibirsk, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

СурначёвА. С.SurnachevA. S.

Новосибирск, р. п. Краснообск, Новосибирская область

Novosibirsk, Krasnoobsk, Novosibirsk region

БоровскийГ. Б.BorovskiiG. B.

Irkutsk

Сибирский институт физиологии и биохимии растений Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Федеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияSiberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationФедеральный исследовательский центр Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук; Cибирский научно-исследовательский институт растениеводства и селекции – филиал Федерального исследовательского центра Институт цитологии и генетики Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияInstitute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Siberian Research Institute of Plant Production and Breeding – Branch of the Institute of Cytology and Genetics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian FederationСибирский институт физиологии и биохимии растений Сибирского отделения Российской академии наукРоссияSiberian Institute of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202626052026303391402Copyright © Коротаева Н.Е., Федяева А.В., Мусинов К.К., Сурначёв А.С., Боровский Г.Б., 20262026Коротаева Н.Е., Федяева А.В., Мусинов К.К., Сурначёв А.С., Боровский Г.Б.Korotaeva N.E., Fedyaeva A.V., Musinov K.K., Surnachev A.S., Borovskii G.B.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vavilov.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/5106

Для озимой пшеницы зимостойкость – один из комплексных признаков, определяющих успешное возделывание этой культуры, а отвечающие за нее гены признаны высоко значимыми для селекционных работ. Накопление белков, препятствующих рекристаллизации льда (ice recrystallization inhibition proteins, IRIP), коррелирует с выживаемостью озимой пшеницы, что указывает на важность учета этого признака при получении более морозоустойчивых сортов. Значение IRIP для выживаемости определяется их способностью встраиваться в растущие кристаллы льда, что ограничивает формирование крупных ледяных конгломератов в тканях озимых растений. IRIP пшеницы, накапливающиеся преимущественно в апопласте листьев и узлов кущения в период холодовой акклимации, характеризуются типичной двойственной структурной организацией, определяющей как проявление IRI-активности, так и антипатогенные свойства. Молекула IRIP пшеницы содержит на С-конце консервативный несколько раз повторяющийся фрагмент NxVx(x)G, формирующий ответственную за связывание с поверхностью льда β-спираль; на N-конце расположены типичная для активируемых патогенами киназ LRR-последовательность, а также направляющий сигнальный пептид. Геном пшеницы содержит до 11 IRI-генов. Промотор генов TaIRI содержит типичные основные цисактивирующие элементы и некоторые элементы, реагирующие на абиотический стресс и гормоны. Изоформы ответственных за защиту от патогенов белков (pathogenesis related proteins, PRP), накапливающихся у озимой пшеницы в период холодовой акклимации, также обладают IRI-активностью. Экспрессия генов IRIP и PRP положительно коррелирует с холодоустойчивостью растений озимой пшеницы. Регуляция генов IRIP и генов PRP, активируемых холодом, согласно современным данным, АБК-независимая, но зависит от присутствия жасмоновой кислоты и от некоторых протеомных факторов транскрипции. В обзоре приведены примеры практического использования изолированных IRIP озимой пшеницы. Вопрос о факторах регуляции активности генов IRIP и активируемых холодом PRP является наименее разработанным на сегодняшний день. Связь этих белков с зимостойкостью пшеницы указывает на перспективность их дальнейшего изучения.

For winter wheat, winter hardiness is one of the complex traits that determine the successful cultivation of this crop, and the responsible genes are recognized as highly significant for breeding work. The accumulation of proteins that prevent ice recrystallization (ice recrystallization inhibition proteins, IRIP) correlates with the survival of winter wheat, which indicates the importance of taking this trait into account when obtaining more frost-resistant varieties. The importance of IRIPs is determined by their ability to integrate into growing ice crystals, which limits the formation of large ice conglomerates in the tissues of winter plants. Wheat IRIPs, which accumulate mainly in the apoplast of leaves and in the crowns during cold acclimation, are characterized by a typical duality of structural organization that determines both the manifestation of IRI activity and anti-pathogenic properties. The wheat IRIP molecule contains at the C-terminus a conserved NxVx(x)G fragment that repeats several times, forming a β-helix responsible for binding to the ice surface; at the N-terminus, there is an LRR sequence typical of pathogen-activated kinases, as well as a guiding signal peptide. The wheat genome contains up to eleven IRI genes. The TaIRI gene promoter contains typical basic cis-activating elements and some elements that respond to abiotic stress and hormones. Isoforms of proteins responsible for protecting against pathogens (pathogenesis related proteins, PRP), which accumulate in winter wheat during cold acclimation, also have IRI activity. The expression of the IRIP and PRP genes positively correlates with the cold resistance of winter wheat plants. According to modern data, the regulation of the IRIP genes and cold-activated PRP genes is ABA-independent, but depends on the presence of jasmonic acid and on some proteomic transcription factors. The review provides examples of the practical use of isolated winter wheat IRIPs. The issue of the factors regulating the activity of the IRIP genes and cold-activated PRPs is the least developed to date. The association of these proteins with the winter hardiness of wheat indicates the prospects for their further study.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.